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Strong Interaction Physics at the Luminosity Frontier with 22 GeV Electrons at Jefferson Lab
Authors:
A. Accardi,
P. Achenbach,
D. Adhikari,
A. Afanasev,
C. S. Akondi,
N. Akopov,
M. Albaladejo,
H. Albataineh,
M. Albrecht,
B. Almeida-Zamora,
M. Amaryan,
D. Androić,
W. Armstrong,
D. S. Armstrong,
M. Arratia,
J. Arrington,
A. Asaturyan,
A. Austregesilo,
H. Avagyan,
T. Averett,
C. Ayerbe Gayoso,
A. Bacchetta,
A. B. Balantekin,
N. Baltzell,
L. Barion
, et al. (419 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This document presents the initial scientific case for upgrading the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab (JLab) to 22 GeV. It is the result of a community effort, incorporating insights from a series of workshops conducted between March 2022 and April 2023. With a track record of over 25 years in delivering the world's most intense and precise multi-GeV electron…
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This document presents the initial scientific case for upgrading the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab (JLab) to 22 GeV. It is the result of a community effort, incorporating insights from a series of workshops conducted between March 2022 and April 2023. With a track record of over 25 years in delivering the world's most intense and precise multi-GeV electron beams, CEBAF's potential for a higher energy upgrade presents a unique opportunity for an innovative nuclear physics program, which seamlessly integrates a rich historical background with a promising future. The proposed physics program encompass a diverse range of investigations centered around the nonperturbative dynamics inherent in hadron structure and the exploration of strongly interacting systems. It builds upon the exceptional capabilities of CEBAF in high-luminosity operations, the availability of existing or planned Hall equipment, and recent advancements in accelerator technology. The proposed program cover various scientific topics, including Hadron Spectroscopy, Partonic Structure and Spin, Hadronization and Transverse Momentum, Spatial Structure, Mechanical Properties, Form Factors and Emergent Hadron Mass, Hadron-Quark Transition, and Nuclear Dynamics at Extreme Conditions, as well as QCD Confinement and Fundamental Symmetries. Each topic highlights the key measurements achievable at a 22 GeV CEBAF accelerator. Furthermore, this document outlines the significant physics outcomes and unique aspects of these programs that distinguish them from other existing or planned facilities. In summary, this document provides an exciting rationale for the energy upgrade of CEBAF to 22 GeV, outlining the transformative scientific potential that lies within reach, and the remarkable opportunities it offers for advancing our understanding of hadron physics and related fundamental phenomena.
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Submitted 24 August, 2023; v1 submitted 13 June, 2023;
originally announced June 2023.
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The COHERENT Experimental Program
Authors:
D. Akimov,
S. Alawabdeh,
P. An,
A. Arteaga,
C. Awe,
P. S. Barbeau,
C. Barry,
B. Becker,
V. Belov,
I. Bernardi,
M. A. Blackston,
L. Blokland,
C. Bock,
B. Bodur,
A. Bolozdynya,
R. Bouabid,
A. Bracho,
J. Browning,
B. Cabrera-Palmer,
N. Chen,
D. Chernyak,
E. Conley,
J. Daughhetee,
J. Daughtry,
E. Day
, et al. (106 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The COHERENT experiment located in Neutrino Alley at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), has made the world's first two measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS), on CsI and argon, using neutrinos produced at the SNS. The COHERENT collaboration continues to pursue CEvNS measurements on various targets as well as additional studies o…
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The COHERENT experiment located in Neutrino Alley at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), has made the world's first two measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS), on CsI and argon, using neutrinos produced at the SNS. The COHERENT collaboration continues to pursue CEvNS measurements on various targets as well as additional studies of inelastic neutrino-nucleus interactions, searches for accelerator-produced dark matter (DM) and physics beyond the Standard Model, using the uniquely high-quality and high-intensity neutrino source available at the SNS. This white paper describes primarily COHERENT's ongoing and near-future program at the SNS First Target Station (FTS). Opportunities enabled by the SNS Second Target Station (STS) for the study of neutrino physics and development of novel detector technologies are elaborated in a separate white paper.
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Submitted 9 April, 2022;
originally announced April 2022.
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Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report
Authors:
R. Abdul Khalek,
A. Accardi,
J. Adam,
D. Adamiak,
W. Akers,
M. Albaladejo,
A. Al-bataineh,
M. G. Alexeev,
F. Ameli,
P. Antonioli,
N. Armesto,
W. R. Armstrong,
M. Arratia,
J. Arrington,
A. Asaturyan,
M. Asai,
E. C. Aschenauer,
S. Aune,
H. Avagyan,
C. Ayerbe Gayoso,
B. Azmoun,
A. Bacchetta,
M. D. Baker,
F. Barbosa,
L. Barion
, et al. (390 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon…
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This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions.
This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter
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Submitted 26 October, 2021; v1 submitted 8 March, 2021;
originally announced March 2021.
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Revealing the structure of light pseudoscalar mesons at the Electron-Ion Collider
Authors:
John Arrington,
Carlos Ayerbe Gayoso,
Patrick C Barry,
Vladimir Berdnikov,
Daniele Binosi,
Lei Chang,
Markus Diefenthaler,
Minghui Ding,
Rolf Ent,
Tobias Frederico,
Yulia Furletova,
Tim J Hobbs,
Tanja Horn,
Garth M Huber,
Stephen JD Kay,
Cynthia Keppel,
Huy-Wen Lin,
Cedric Mezrag,
Rachel Montgomery,
Ian L Pegg,
Khepani Raya,
Paul Reimer,
David G Richards,
Craig D Roberts,
Jose Rodriguez-Quintero
, et al. (7 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
How the bulk of the Universe's visible mass emerges and how it is manifest in the existence and properties of hadrons are profound questions that probe into the heart of strongly interacting matter. Paradoxically, the lightest pseudoscalar mesons appear to be the key to the further understanding of the emergent mass and structure mechanisms. These mesons, namely the pion and kaon, are the Nambu-Go…
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How the bulk of the Universe's visible mass emerges and how it is manifest in the existence and properties of hadrons are profound questions that probe into the heart of strongly interacting matter. Paradoxically, the lightest pseudoscalar mesons appear to be the key to the further understanding of the emergent mass and structure mechanisms. These mesons, namely the pion and kaon, are the Nambu-Goldstone boson modes of QCD. Unravelling their partonic structure and the interplay between emergent and Higgs-boson mass mechanisms is a common goal of three interdependent approaches -- continuum QCD phenomenology, lattice-regularised QCD, and the global analysis of parton distributions -- linked to experimental measurements of hadron structure. Experimentally, the foreseen electron-ion collider will enable a revolution in our ability to study pion and kaon structure, accessed by scattering from the "meson cloud" of the proton through the Sullivan process. With the goal of enabling a suite of measurements that can address these questions, we examine key reactions to identify the critical detector system requirements needed to map tagged pion and kaon cross sections over a wide range of kinematics. The excellent prospects for extracting pion structure function and form factor data are shown, and similar prospects for kaon structure are discussed in the context of a worldwide programme. Successful completion of the programme outlined herein will deliver deep, far-reaching insights into the emergence of pions and kaons, their properties, and their role as QCD's Goldstone boson modes.
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Submitted 23 February, 2021;
originally announced February 2021.
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Measurement of the muon neutrino charged-current single $π^+$ production on hydrocarbon using the T2K off-axis near detector ND280
Authors:
K. Abe,
R. Akutsu,
A. Ali,
C. Alt,
J. Amey,
C. Andreopoulos,
L. Anthony,
M. Antonova,
S. Aoki,
A. Ariga,
Y. Ashida,
E. T. Atkin,
Y. Awataguchi,
Y. Azuma,
S. Ban,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
C. Barry,
M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak,
A. Beloshapkin,
F. Bench,
V. Berardi,
S. Berkman,
R. M. Berner
, et al. (356 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We report the measurements of single and double differential cross section of muon neutrino charged-current interactions on carbon with a single positively charged pion in the final state at the T2K off-axis near detector using $5.56\times10^{20}$ protons on target. The analysis uses data control samples for the background subtraction and the cross section signal, defined as a single negatively ch…
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We report the measurements of single and double differential cross section of muon neutrino charged-current interactions on carbon with a single positively charged pion in the final state at the T2K off-axis near detector using $5.56\times10^{20}$ protons on target. The analysis uses data control samples for the background subtraction and the cross section signal, defined as a single negatively charged muon and a single positively charged pion exiting from the target nucleus, is extracted using an unfolding method. The model dependent cross section, integrated over the T2K off-axis neutrino beam spectrum peaking at $0.6$~GeV, is measured to be $σ= (11.76 \pm 0.44 \text{(stat)} \pm 2.39 \text{(syst)}) \times 10^{-40} \text{cm}^2$~$\text{nucleon}^{-1}$. Various differential cross sections are measured, including the first measurement of the Adler angles for single charged pion production in neutrino interactions with heavy nuclei target.
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Submitted 17 September, 2019; v1 submitted 9 September, 2019;
originally announced September 2019.