Jump to content

ENgilani

Livela

INgilani (isiNgesi : England, /ˈɪŋɡlənd/) lelinye lamazwe amane ayinxalenye ye -United Kingdom yaseGreat Britain naseNyakatho ye-Ireland, ekuphela kwayo engayi kubumba iziko lolawulo kwaye ingabi norhulumente ozimeleyo. [1] [2] Yabelana ngemida neSkotlani ukuya emantla kunye neWales ngasentshona, ngelixa ikomkhulu layo yiLondon, ikomkhulu laseUnited Kingdom.

Ijikelezwe kumntla-ntshona kuLwandle lwaseIreland, emazantsi-ntshona kuLwandle lweCeltic, ngasempuma kuLwandle lwaseMantla nakumazantsi yi English Channel, eyahlulahlula kwilizwekazi laseYurophu. INgilani ibandakanya uninzi lommandla osemazantsi kumbindi wesiqithi saseGreat Britain kwaye ineziqithi ezincinci ezingaphezu kwe-100, ezifana ne- Isles of Scilly kunye ne- Isle of Wight .

Ummandla obizwa ngokuba yiNgilani ngoku wawuhlalwa ngamadoda kwasekuqaleni kwePaleolithic ePhakamileyo, kodwa ithatha igama layo kwi- Anglo-Saxons, abemi baseJamani ababehlala eBritani ngexesha le- 5th kunye ne -6th inkulungwane ; INgilani ithatha kwifomu endala ethi Englaland ethetha "uMhlaba wee-Angles" (Latin : Anglia). INgilani yaba lilizwe elimanyeneyo ngo -927 (ebudeni bolawulo lwe-Æthelstan yaseWessex ) kwaye ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-15 yaqalisa ukuba nempembelelo enkulu, kwinkcubeko nakwipolitiki, kwihlabathi liphela. [3] Ulwimi lwesiNgesi, iCawa yaseTshetshi kunye nomthetho wesiNgesi zisisiseko semibutho yamazwe aManyeneyo. Inkqubo yezopolitiko yepalamente yamaNgesi yamkelwe ngokubanzi zezinye izizwe. [4] Ngokuchanekileyo eNgilani, uguquko lwezoshishino lwaqala ngenkulungwane ye-18, luyiguqulela ekubeni lilizwe lokuqala elihambele phambili kwezoshishino ehlabathini. [5] I-English Royal Society yabeka iziseko zenzululwazi yovavanyo yanamhlanje. [6]

Ummandla wamaNgesi ubukhulu becala ubandakanya iinduli eziphantsi namathafa, ngakumbi embindini nakumazantsi eNgilani. Nangona kunjalo, kukho imimandla yeentaba emantla (umzekelo, iintaba zeSithili saseLake, iiPennines kunye neYorkshire Dales) nakumazantsi-ntshona (umzekelo, iDartmoor kunye neCotswolds). ILondon, ikomkhulu laseNgilani, yeyona ndawo inkulu e-United Kingdom. Abemi baseNgilani bamalunga ne-57 yezigidi, malunga ne-84% yabemi bonke base-United Kingdom, kwaye ubukhulu becala bugxile eLondon, eMidlands naseYorkshire. Amadlelo kunye namadlelo afumaneka kwiindawo ezingaphandle kwezixeko ezikhulu.

Ubukumkani baseNgilani bukwaquka iWales, uloyiso olwagqitywa nguKumkani u-Edward I ngo-1282, kodwa umanyano olusemthethweni aluzange lwenzeke de kwangowe-1536. Ngomhla woku-1 kuCanzibe ngo-1707, ngoMthetho weManyano, ubukumkani baseNgilani badibana nobukumkani baseSkotlani benza uBukumkani obutsha beGreat Britain. [7] [8] Ngo-1801 iGreat Britain kunye noBukumkani baseIreland, ngoMthetho wesibini weManyano, zadityaniswa kwiUnited Kingdom yaseGreat Britain naseIreland.

  1. "Countries within a country" number-10.gov.uk 
  2. "Changes in the list of subdivision names and code elements" International Organization for Standardization 
  3. "England – Culture" britainusa.com archived from the original on 2008-05-16 retrieved 2023-09-12 
  4. "Country profile: United Kingdom" 26 ottobre 2009 
  5. "Industrial Revolution" Ace.mmu.ac.uk archived from the original on 2008-04-27 retrieved 2023-09-12 
  6. "History of the Royal Society" royalsociety.org 
  7. William E. Burns, A Brief History of Great Britain, p. xxi
  8. Acts of Union 1707 parliament.uk, accessed 27 January 2011