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Diamond membranes: platform for photonic and opto-mechanical applications
Authors:
Hsin-Hui Huang,
Gediminas Seniutinas,
Haoran Mu,
Nguyen Hoai An Le,
Eulalia Puig Vilardell,
Vijayakumar Anand,
Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
Tomas Katkus,
Meguya Ryu,
Junko Morikawa,
Saulius Juodkazis
Abstract:
Diamond 1 - 10 micrometers thick membranes are platform for photonic, quantum and opto-mechanic devices with applications across UV-IR spectral ranges. IR characterization of diamond gratings in reflection and transmission showed a change of the IR absorbance dichroism between positive and negative when the grating period was 1-2 wavelengths (free space) including inside the region of the intrinsi…
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Diamond 1 - 10 micrometers thick membranes are platform for photonic, quantum and opto-mechanic devices with applications across UV-IR spectral ranges. IR characterization of diamond gratings in reflection and transmission showed a change of the IR absorbance dichroism between positive and negative when the grating period was 1-2 wavelengths (free space) including inside the region of the intrinsic diamond absorbance. Femtosecond laser cutting of micrometers-wide and mm-long structures are demonstrated by steps of carbonization > 0.4 J/cm2/pulse (1030 nm/200 fs) and oxidation of diamond membranes. Light intensity distribution inside form-birefringent diamond structure was modeled for a scaled-down structure and wavelength to reveal characteristic interference patterns for different polarizations.
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Submitted 11 May, 2026;
originally announced May 2026.
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Olivine annealed up to 1500 C: changes traced by polarised IR reflectance and magnetization
Authors:
Daniel Smith,
Donatas Narbutis,
Hsin-Hui Huang,
Philipp Zanon,
Michael Boschen,
Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
Dominique Appadoo,
Soon Hock Ng,
Haoran Mu,
Tomas Katkus,
Nguyen Hoai An Le,
Dan Kapsaskis,
Andy I. R. Herries,
Vijayakumar Anand,
Meguya Ryu,
Junko Morikawa,
Saulius Juodkazis
Abstract:
Spectral analysis at the infrared (IR) spectral range is introduced with assignment of synthetic red-green-blue (RGB) colours defined by adjustable wavelength and bandwidth. The RGB bands were selected at the phase-specific absorbance A or reflectance R bands of olivine and related materials, which can be formed via high temperature annealing (HTA) of natural minerals up to 1500 C. Natural olivine…
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Spectral analysis at the infrared (IR) spectral range is introduced with assignment of synthetic red-green-blue (RGB) colours defined by adjustable wavelength and bandwidth. The RGB bands were selected at the phase-specific absorbance A or reflectance R bands of olivine and related materials, which can be formed via high temperature annealing (HTA) of natural minerals up to 1500 C. Natural olivines were collected from quarry at volcanic site in Mortlake, Victoria, Australia and spectrally characterised during IR-THz spectroscopy beamtime experiments at Australian Synchrotron. Phase changes in HTA natural olivines were traced by correlation of optical IR 4-polarisation spectroscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and magnetisation. After HTA, olivine samples were magnetized via precipitation of Fe-rich oxides.
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Submitted 28 March, 2026;
originally announced April 2026.
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Nanoscale Surface Analysis of High Entropy Alloy
Authors:
Hsin-Hui Huang,
Meguya Ryu,
Yoshiaki Nishijima,
Haoran Mu,
Mohit Kumar,
Nguyen Hoai An Le,
Adrian Cernescu,
Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
Andrew Siao Ming Ang,
Lina Grineviciute,
Challapalli Subrahmanyam,
Junko Morikawa,
Saulius Juodkazis
Abstract:
Nanoscale surface analysis of 1 micrometer thick high entropy alloys (HEAs) was carried out using nano-IR for hyperspectral imaging and single point spectroscopy in the 700-1700 1/cm spectral range. Nano-IR is based on the detection of scattered light from an oscillating metal coated nano-tip in one of the arms of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and has a resolution defined by the tip…
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Nanoscale surface analysis of 1 micrometer thick high entropy alloys (HEAs) was carried out using nano-IR for hyperspectral imaging and single point spectroscopy in the 700-1700 1/cm spectral range. Nano-IR is based on the detection of scattered light from an oscillating metal coated nano-tip in one of the arms of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and has a resolution defined by the tip radius of the probe, 20 nm, regardless of the excitation wavelength. HEA CuPdAgPtAu showed an absorption and reflection increase at 900-1100 1/cm band, which is consistent with Drude-Lorenz modeling of permittivity, however, could also signify oxide formation as tested by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of CuPdAgPtAu and CrFeCoNiCuMo. Realization of polarization analysis for nano-IR nano-spectroscopy in the plane perpendicular to the sample's surface is discussed and modeled. The currently available modality of surface analysis with the excitation-detection mode of the p-pol. antenna can be extended to full 3D analysis of the orientational dependencies of local absorbance and refractive index.
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Submitted 27 March, 2026;
originally announced March 2026.
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High Entropy Alloy under Shock Compression: Optical-Pump X-Ray-Probe
Authors:
Hsin Hui Huang,
Meguya Ryu,
Shuji Kamegaki,
Dominyka Stonyte,
Tadas Malinauskas,
Yoshiaki Nishijima,
Rosalie Hocking,
Nguyen Hoai An Le,
Tomas Katkus,
Haoran Mu,
Soon Hock Ng,
Samuel Pinches,
Andrew S. M. Ang,
Vygantas Mizeikis,
Nadia Zatsepin,
Kohei Miyanishi,
Toshinori Yabuuchi,
Hirotaka Nakamura,
Alexis Amouretti,
Norimasa Ozaki,
Tommaso Vinci,
Arturas Vailionis,
Eugene G. Gamaly,
Damien G. Hicks,
Junko Morikawa
, et al. (1 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
High entropy alloys (HEAs) are multi-principal-element alloys designed for tailorable mechanical performance and have been attracting significant engineering interest, yet their fundamental behaviour under extreme dynamic conditions, such as shock loading, remains unexplored. Here, we report laser-shock experiments on two different types of 1-micrometers-thick HEA microfilms, CuPdAgPtAu and CrFeCo…
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High entropy alloys (HEAs) are multi-principal-element alloys designed for tailorable mechanical performance and have been attracting significant engineering interest, yet their fundamental behaviour under extreme dynamic conditions, such as shock loading, remains unexplored. Here, we report laser-shock experiments on two different types of 1-micrometers-thick HEA microfilms, CuPdAgPtAu and CrFeCoNiCuMo, on 25-micrometers-thick black-Kapton ablator driven by a high intensity laser pulse (532 nm, 5 ns, 16 J, 0.5-mm diameter focal spot) and probed by an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) pulse (12 keV, 7 fs). Time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows the formation of a transient phase with a lattice compression up to 5.1% of the CuPdAgPtAu HEA along the (111) plane; this transient compressed phase existed for 0.3 ns. The impedance matching Hugoniot analysis estimated a shock pressure of 55 +/- 6 GPa in the HEA film, while Au- and Fe-based equations of state (EoS) modelling predict 80 GPa (0.8 MBar) at the free HEA surface. The free HEA surface reached maximum velocities of ~ 5 km/s as recorded from in situ monitoring with the velocity interferometry system for any reflector (VISAR) imaging. These initial HEA results show the suitability of HEA sample preparation and XFEL-based XRD characterisation under extreme shock loading, and are promising for experimental determination of the EoS of this emerging class of materials (beamtime proposal No.: 2024A8503 for a 6-hour preliminary experiment).
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Submitted 22 March, 2026;
originally announced March 2026.
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Precise estimation of the coupling strength between two nanomechanical modes from four Ramsey fringes
Authors:
Anh Tuan Le,
Avishek Chowdhury,
Hugo Ribeiro,
Eva M. Weig
Abstract:
We experimentally determine the coupling strength between two strongly coupled nanomechanical modes using a Ramsey-inspired technique optimized for signals as short as four fringes. The method is applied to precisely probe the change of the coupling rate induced by a modification of the microwave-cavity readout field. It opens a pathway towards sensing electrostatic field fluctuations approaching…
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We experimentally determine the coupling strength between two strongly coupled nanomechanical modes using a Ramsey-inspired technique optimized for signals as short as four fringes. The method is applied to precisely probe the change of the coupling rate induced by a modification of the microwave-cavity readout field. It opens a pathway towards sensing electrostatic field fluctuations approaching single-charge resolution.
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Submitted 19 January, 2026;
originally announced January 2026.
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Adiabatic reverse annealing is robust to low-temperature decoherence
Authors:
An Le,
Christopher L. Baldwin
Abstract:
Adiabatic reverse annealing (ARA) is an improvement to conventional quantum annealing (QA) that uses an initial guess at the desired ground state to circumvent problematic phase transitions. Despite encouraging results in the closed-system setting, Ref. [1] has suggested on the basis of numerical simulations that ARA may lose its advantage in the presence of decoherence. Here, we revisit this prob…
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Adiabatic reverse annealing (ARA) is an improvement to conventional quantum annealing (QA) that uses an initial guess at the desired ground state to circumvent problematic phase transitions. Despite encouraging results in the closed-system setting, Ref. [1] has suggested on the basis of numerical simulations that ARA may lose its advantage in the presence of decoherence. Here, we revisit this problem from a more analytical perspective. Using the $p$-spin model as a solvable example, together with the adiabatic master equation to describe the effects of the environment (valid at weak coupling), we show that ARA can in fact succeed in open systems but that the temperature of the environment plays a key role. We first demonstrate that, in the adiabatic limit, the system will follow the instantaneous equilibrium state as long as the protocol does not pass through any (finite-temperature) phase transitions. Given this, there are two distinct mechanisms by which ARA can break down at high temperature: either there are no paths that avoid transitions, or the equilibrium state itself is disordered. When the temperature is sufficiently low that neither of these occur, then ARA succeeds. Remarkably, there are even situations in which the environment benefits ARA: we find parameter values for which no transition-avoiding paths exist at zero temperature but such paths appear at non-zero temperature.
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Submitted 20 November, 2025;
originally announced November 2025.
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Direct measurement of the attractive electrosolvation force between a pair of colloidal particles
Authors:
Sida Wang,
Angela Le,
Rowan Walker-Gibbons,
Madhavi Krishnan
Abstract:
In solution, electrically like-charged particles can experience a strong and long-ranged attraction that leads to the formation of stable, slowly reorganizing clusters. The attractive force underpinning this spontaneous organization process has been shown to depend on both the sign of charge of the particle and the nature of the solvent medium. The origin of the attraction has been ascribed to the…
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In solution, electrically like-charged particles can experience a strong and long-ranged attraction that leads to the formation of stable, slowly reorganizing clusters. The attractive force underpinning this spontaneous organization process has been shown to depend on both the sign of charge of the particle and the nature of the solvent medium. The origin of the attraction has been ascribed to the preferential orientation of solvent molecules at the object-electrolyte interface. Here, we use optical imaging to directly measure the spatial profile of the potential of mean force between isolated pairs of charged microspheres. Working with particles carrying a variety of surface chemistries we find that the range of the electrosolvation attraction is substantially longer than previously held. In particular we show that particles carrying strongly anionic surface coatings composed of DNA or phospholipid bilayers display long-range attraction. We further find that the length scale governing the decay of the attractive force can depend on the properties of the interacting particles. This contrasts with the canonical expectation that the screening length governing the interaction of charged particles in solution depends exclusively on the properties of the intervening electrolyte medium. The observations point to significant departures from current thinking, and the likely need for a model of interactions that accounts for the molecular nature of the solvent, its interfacial behaviour, and spatial correlations. Finally, a strong and long-ranged attraction mediated by anionic matter constituting lipid membranes and chromatin could carry far-reaching implications for biological organization and structure formation.
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Submitted 13 January, 2026; v1 submitted 20 August, 2025;
originally announced August 2025.
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Fundamental and second-subharmonic Autler-Townes splitting in classical systems
Authors:
Ahmed A. Barakat,
Avishek Chowdhury,
Anh Tuan Le,
Eva M. Weig
Abstract:
The dynamic Stark effect and the Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are hallmarks of driven two-level systems. We establish a direct correspondence between these quantum phenomena and the parametric normal mode splitting in coupled classical oscillators. This gives rise to a second-subharmonic ATS under a two-tone parametric drive. We find excellent agreement between the theory and the vibrations of a…
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The dynamic Stark effect and the Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are hallmarks of driven two-level systems. We establish a direct correspondence between these quantum phenomena and the parametric normal mode splitting in coupled classical oscillators. This gives rise to a second-subharmonic ATS under a two-tone parametric drive. We find excellent agreement between the theory and the vibrations of a nanomechanical two-mode system, capturing both the fundamental and second-subharmonic ATS, and allowing quantitative extraction of the modal coupling irrespective of the degree of modal hybridization.
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Submitted 28 November, 2025; v1 submitted 21 December, 2024;
originally announced December 2024.
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Phase Diagram and Crossover Phases of Topologically Ordered Graphene Zigzag Nanoribbons: Role of Localization Effects
Authors:
Hoang Anh Le,
In Hwan Lee,
Young Heon Kim,
S. -R. Eric Yang
Abstract:
We computed the phase diagram of the zigzag graphene nanoribbons as a function of on-site repulsion, doping, and disorder strength. The topologically ordered phase undergoes topological phase transitions into crossover phases, which are new disordered phases with a nonuniversal topological entanglement entropy with significant variance. The topological order is destroyed by competition between loc…
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We computed the phase diagram of the zigzag graphene nanoribbons as a function of on-site repulsion, doping, and disorder strength. The topologically ordered phase undergoes topological phase transitions into crossover phases, which are new disordered phases with a nonuniversal topological entanglement entropy with significant variance. The topological order is destroyed by competition between localization effects and on-site repulsion. We found that strong on-site repulsion and/or doping weakens the nonlocal correlations between the opposite zigzag edges. In one of the crossover phases, both $\frac{e^-}{2}$ fractional charges and spin-charge separation were absent; however, charge-transfer correlations between the zigzag edges were possible. Another crossover phase contains $\frac{e^-}{2}$ fractional charges, but no charge transfer correlations. In low-doped zigzag ribbons the interplay between electron localization and on-site repulsion contributes to the spatial separation of quasi-degenerate gap-edge states and protects the charge fractionalization against quantum fluctuations. In all these effects, mixed chiral gap-edge states play an important role. The properties of nontopological strongly disordered and strongly repulsive phases are also observed. Each phase of the phase diagram has a different zigzag-edge structure. Additionally, we investigated the tunneling of solitonic fractional charges under an applied voltage between the zigzag edges of undoped topologically ordered zigzag ribbons, and found that it may lead to a zero-bias tunneling anomaly.
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Submitted 5 April, 2024; v1 submitted 10 July, 2023;
originally announced July 2023.
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Probabilistic picture for particle number densities in stretched tips of the branching Brownian motion
Authors:
Anh Dung Le,
Alfred H. Mueller,
Stéphane Munier
Abstract:
In the framework of a stochastic picture for the one-dimensional branching Brownian motion, we compute the probability density of the number of particles near the rightmost one at a time $T$, that we take very large, when this extreme particle is conditioned to arrive at a predefined position $x_T$ chosen far ahead of its expected position $m_T$. We recover the previously-conjectured fact that the…
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In the framework of a stochastic picture for the one-dimensional branching Brownian motion, we compute the probability density of the number of particles near the rightmost one at a time $T$, that we take very large, when this extreme particle is conditioned to arrive at a predefined position $x_T$ chosen far ahead of its expected position $m_T$. We recover the previously-conjectured fact that the typical number density of particles a distance $Δ$ to the left of the lead particle, when both $Δ$ and $x_T-Δ-m_T$ are large, is smaller than the mean number density by a factor proportional to $e^{-ζΔ^{2/3}}$, where $ζ$ is a constant that was so far undetermined. Our picture leads to an expression for the probability density of the particle number, from which a value for $ζ$ may be inferred.
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Submitted 29 November, 2022; v1 submitted 15 July, 2022;
originally announced July 2022.
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Statistical properties of partonic configurations and diffractive dissociation in high-energy electron-nucleus scattering
Authors:
Anh Dung Le
Abstract:
In this thesis, we study the detailed partonic content of the quantum states of a quark-antiquark color dipole subject to high-energy evolution, which are represented by a set of dipoles generated by a stochastic binary branching process, in the scattering off a large nucleus, and produce predictions for diffractive dissociation in electron-ion collisions, based on the dipole picture of QCD. Our m…
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In this thesis, we study the detailed partonic content of the quantum states of a quark-antiquark color dipole subject to high-energy evolution, which are represented by a set of dipoles generated by a stochastic binary branching process, in the scattering off a large nucleus, and produce predictions for diffractive dissociation in electron-ion collisions, based on the dipole picture of QCD. Our main results are as follows. First, the scattering events of a color dipole, when parameters are set in such a way that the total cross section is small, are triggered by rare partonic fluctuations, which look different as seen from different reference frames. It turns out that the freedom to select a frame allows to deduce an asymptotic expression for the rapidity distribution of the first branching of the slowest parent dipole of the set of those which scatter. In another aspect, such study implies the importance of the characterization of particle distribution in the frontier region in the states generated by the QCD dipole branching, and more generally, by any one-dimensional branching random walk model. To this aim, we develop a Monte Carlo algorithm to generate the frontier region of a branching random walk. Furthermore, we are able to calculate the diffractive cross section demanding a minimal rapidity gap $Y_0$ and the distribution of rapidity gaps $Y_{gap}$ in the diffractive dissociation of a small dipole off a large nucleus, in a well-defined parametric region. They are the asymptotic solutions to the so-called Kovchegov-Levin equation, which describes the diffractive dissociation at high energy. Finally, we present predictions for the rapidity gap distributionin realistic kinematics of future electron-ion machines, based on the numerical solutions of the original Kovchegov-Levin equation and of its next-to-leading extension taking into account the running of the strong coupling.
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Submitted 1 March, 2022;
originally announced March 2022.
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Room temperature cavity electromechanics in the sideband-resolved regime
Authors:
Anh Tuan Le,
Alexandre Brieusssel,
Eva Maria Weig
Abstract:
We demonstrate a sideband-resolved cavity electromechanical system operating at room temperature. The mechanical resonator, a strongly pre-stressed silicon nitride string, is dielectrically coupled to a three-dimensional microwave cavity made of copper. The electromechanical coupling is characterized by two measurements, the cavity-induced eigenfrequency shift of the mechanical resonator and the o…
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We demonstrate a sideband-resolved cavity electromechanical system operating at room temperature. The mechanical resonator, a strongly pre-stressed silicon nitride string, is dielectrically coupled to a three-dimensional microwave cavity made of copper. The electromechanical coupling is characterized by two measurements, the cavity-induced eigenfrequency shift of the mechanical resonator and the optomechanically induced transparency. While the former is dominated by dielectric effects, the latter reveals a clear signature of the dynamical backaction of the cavity field on the resonator. This unlocks the field of cavity electromechanics for room temperature applications.
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Submitted 9 July, 2021; v1 submitted 10 March, 2021;
originally announced March 2021.
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Nuclear scattering configurations of onia in different frames
Authors:
Anh Dung Le,
Alfred H. Mueller,
Stéphane Munier
Abstract:
In the scattering of a small onium off a large nucleus at high center-of-mass energies, when the parameters are set in such a way that the cross section at fixed impact parameter is small, events are triggered by rare partonic fluctuations of the onium, which are very deformed with respect to typical configurations. Using the color dipole picture of high-energy interactions in quantum chromodynami…
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In the scattering of a small onium off a large nucleus at high center-of-mass energies, when the parameters are set in such a way that the cross section at fixed impact parameter is small, events are triggered by rare partonic fluctuations of the onium, which are very deformed with respect to typical configurations. Using the color dipole picture of high-energy interactions in quantum chromodynamics, in which the quantum states of the onium are represented by sets of dipoles generated by a branching process, we describe the typical scattering configurations as seen from different reference frames, from the restframe of the nucleus to frames in which the rapidity is shared between the projectile onium and the nucleus. We show that taking advantage of the freedom to select a frame in the latter class makes possible to derive complete asymptotic expressions for some boost-invariant quantities, beyond the total cross section, from a procedure which leverages the limited available knowledge on the properties of the solutions to the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation that governs the rapidity-dependence of total cross sections. We obtain in this way an analytic expression for the rapidity-distribution of the first branching of the slowest parent dipole of the set of those which scatter. This distribution provides an estimator of the correlations of the interacting dipoles, and is also known to be related to the rapidity-gap distribution in diffractive dissociation, an observable measurable at a future electron-ion collider. Furthermore, our result may be formulated as a more general conjecture, that we expect to hold true for any one-dimensional branching random walk model, on the branching time of the most recent common ancestor of all the particles that end up to the right of a given position.
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Submitted 24 March, 2021; v1 submitted 29 October, 2020;
originally announced October 2020.
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Optical Hall response of bilayer graphene: the manifestation of chiral hybridised states in broken mirror symmetry lattices
Authors:
V. Nam Do,
H. Anh Le,
V. Duy Nguyen,
D. Bercioux
Abstract:
Understanding the mechanisms governing the optical activity of layered-stacked materials is crucial to the design of devices aimed at manipulating light at the nanoscale. Here, we show that both twisted and slid bilayer graphene are chiral systems that can deflect the polarization of linear polarized light. However, only twisted bilayer graphene supports circular dichroism. Our calculation scheme,…
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Understanding the mechanisms governing the optical activity of layered-stacked materials is crucial to the design of devices aimed at manipulating light at the nanoscale. Here, we show that both twisted and slid bilayer graphene are chiral systems that can deflect the polarization of linear polarized light. However, only twisted bilayer graphene supports circular dichroism. Our calculation scheme, which is based on the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, is particularly efficient for calculating the optical-conductivity tensor. Specifically, it allows us to show the chirality of hybridized states as the handedness-dependent bending of the trajectory of kicked Gaussian wave packets in bilayer lattices. We show that nonzero Hall conductivity is the result of the noncanceling manifestation of hybridized states in chiral lattices. We also demonstrate the continuous dependence of the conductivity tensor on the twist angle and the sliding vector.
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Submitted 25 November, 2020; v1 submitted 22 September, 2020;
originally announced September 2020.
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How to generate the tip of branching random walks evolved to large times
Authors:
Éric Brunet,
Anh Dung Le,
Alfred H. Mueller,
Stéphane Munier
Abstract:
In a branching process, the number of particles increases exponentially with time, which makes numerical simulations for large times difficult. In many applications, however, only the region close to the extremal particles is relevant (the "tip"). We present a simple algorithm which allows to simulate a branching random walk in one dimension, keeping only the particles that arrive within some dist…
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In a branching process, the number of particles increases exponentially with time, which makes numerical simulations for large times difficult. In many applications, however, only the region close to the extremal particles is relevant (the "tip"). We present a simple algorithm which allows to simulate a branching random walk in one dimension, keeping only the particles that arrive within some distance of the rightmost particle at a predefined time $T$. The complexity of the algorithm grows linearly with $T$. We can furthermore choose to require that the realizations have their rightmost particle arbitrarily far on the right from its typical position. We illustrate our algorithm by evaluating an observable for which no other practical method is known.
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Submitted 26 June, 2020;
originally announced June 2020.
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Monte Carlo study of the tip region of branching random walks evolved to large times
Authors:
Anh Dung Le,
Alfred H. Mueller,
Stéphane Munier
Abstract:
We implement a discretization of the one-dimensional branching Brownian motion in the form of a Monte Carlo event generator, designed to efficiently produce ensembles of realizations in which the rightmost lead particle at the final time $T$ is constrained to have a position $X$ larger than some predefined value $X_{\text{min}}$. The latter may be chosen arbitrarily far from the expectation value…
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We implement a discretization of the one-dimensional branching Brownian motion in the form of a Monte Carlo event generator, designed to efficiently produce ensembles of realizations in which the rightmost lead particle at the final time $T$ is constrained to have a position $X$ larger than some predefined value $X_{\text{min}}$. The latter may be chosen arbitrarily far from the expectation value of $X$, and the evolution time after which observables on the particle density near the lead particle are measured may be as large as $T\sim 10^4$. We then calculate numerically the probability distribution $p_n(Δx)$ of the number $n$ of particles in the interval $[X-Δx,X]$ as a function of $Δx$. When $X_{\text{min}}$ is significantly smaller than the expectation value of the position of the rightmost lead particle, i.e. when $X$ is effectively unconstrained, we check that both the mean and the typical values of $n$ grow exponentially with $Δx$, up to a linear prefactor and to finite-$T$ corrections. When $X_{\text{min}}$ is picked far ahead of the latter but within a region extending over a size of order $\sqrt{T}$ to its right, the mean value of the particle number still grows exponentially with $Δx$, but its typical value is lower by a multiplicative factor consistent with $e^{-ζΔx^{2/3}}$, where $ζ$ is a number of order unity. These numerical results bring strong support to recent analytical calculations and conjectures in the infinite-time limit.
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Submitted 29 June, 2020; v1 submitted 9 March, 2020;
originally announced March 2020.
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Deep Learning for The Inverse Design of Mid-infrared Graphene Plasmons
Authors:
Anh D. Phan,
Cuong V. Nguyen,
Pham T. Linh,
Tran V. Huynh,
Vu D. Lam,
Anh-Tuan Le
Abstract:
We theoretically investigate the plasmonic properties of mid-infrared graphene-based metamaterials and apply deep learning of a neural network for the inverse design. These artificial structures have square periodic arrays of graphene plasmonic resonators deposited on dielectric thin films. Optical spectra vary significantly with changes in structural parameters. Our numerical results are in accor…
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We theoretically investigate the plasmonic properties of mid-infrared graphene-based metamaterials and apply deep learning of a neural network for the inverse design. These artificial structures have square periodic arrays of graphene plasmonic resonators deposited on dielectric thin films. Optical spectra vary significantly with changes in structural parameters. Our numerical results are in accordance with previous experiments. Then, the theoretical approach is employed to generate data for training and testing deep neural networks. By merging the pre-trained neural network with the inverse network, we implement calculations for inverse design of the graphene-based metameterials. We also discuss the limitation of the data-driven approach.
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Submitted 19 February, 2020; v1 submitted 28 November, 2019;
originally announced November 2019.
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Time-evolution patterns of electrons in twisted bilayer graphene
Authors:
H. Nam Do,
H. Anh Le,
D. Bercioux
Abstract:
We characterise the dynamics of electrons in twisted bilayer graphene by analysing the time-evolution of electron waves in the atomic lattice. We perform simulations based on a kernel polynomial technique using Chebyshev polynomial; this method does not requires any diagonalisation of the system Hamiltonian. Our simulations reveal that the inter-layer electronic coupling induces the exchange of wa…
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We characterise the dynamics of electrons in twisted bilayer graphene by analysing the time-evolution of electron waves in the atomic lattice. We perform simulations based on a kernel polynomial technique using Chebyshev polynomial; this method does not requires any diagonalisation of the system Hamiltonian. Our simulations reveal that the inter-layer electronic coupling induces the exchange of waves between the two graphene layers. This wave transfer manifests as oscillations of the layer-integrated probability densities as a function of time. For the bilayer case, it also causes a difference in the wavefront dynamics compared to monolayer graphene. The intra-layer spreading of electron waves is irregular and progresses as a two-stage process. The first one characterised by a well-defined wavefront occurs in a short time | a wavefront forms instead during the second stage. The wavefront takes a hexagon-like shape with the vertices developing faster than the edges. Though the detail spreading form of waves depends on initial states, we observe localisation of waves in specific regions of the moiré zone. To characterise the electron dynamics, we also analyse the time auto-correlation functions. We show that these quantities shall exhibit the beating modulation when reducing the interlayer coupling.
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Submitted 19 April, 2019; v1 submitted 9 January, 2019;
originally announced January 2019.
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Plasmon ruler with gold nanorod dimers: utilizing the second-order resonance
Authors:
Anton T. Le,
Maxim R. Shcherbakov,
Natalia Dubrovina,
Anatole Lupu,
Andrey A. Fedyanin
Abstract:
The idea of utilizing the second-order plasmon resonance of the gold nanorod π-dimers for plasmon rulers is introduced. We report on a qualitatively different dependence of the plasmon resonance shift on the interparticle distance for the first- and second-order longitudinal modes, extending the working range of plasmon rulers up to the distance values of 400 nm.
The idea of utilizing the second-order plasmon resonance of the gold nanorod π-dimers for plasmon rulers is introduced. We report on a qualitatively different dependence of the plasmon resonance shift on the interparticle distance for the first- and second-order longitudinal modes, extending the working range of plasmon rulers up to the distance values of 400 nm.
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Submitted 15 January, 2014;
originally announced January 2014.
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Charge Ordering Under a Magnetic Field in the Extended Hubbard Model
Authors:
Duc Anh Le,
Anh Tuan Hoang,
Toan Thang Nguyen
Abstract:
We study the charge ordering behavior under a magnetic field $H$ in the extended Hubbard model within the coherent potential approximation. At quarter filling, for small $H$ we find that the relative variation of critical temperature is quadratic with the coefficient $α$ smaller than the one for conventional spin-Peierls systems. For intermediate field, a melting of the charge ordering on decrea…
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We study the charge ordering behavior under a magnetic field $H$ in the extended Hubbard model within the coherent potential approximation. At quarter filling, for small $H$ we find that the relative variation of critical temperature is quadratic with the coefficient $α$ smaller than the one for conventional spin-Peierls systems. For intermediate field, a melting of the charge ordering on decreasing temperature under fixed $H$ at various band filling is found.
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Submitted 19 May, 2004; v1 submitted 15 May, 2004;
originally announced May 2004.