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Micro and nano-patterning of single-crystal diamond by swift heavy ion irradiation
Authors:
G. Garcia,
I. Preda,
M. Diaz-Hijar,
V. Tormo-Marquez,
O. Pena Rodriguez,
J. Olivares,
F. Bosia,
N. M. Pugno,
F. Picollo,
L. Giuntini,
A. Sordini,
P. Olivero,
L. Lopez-Mir,
C. Ocal
Abstract:
This paper presents experimental data and analysis of the structural damage caused by swift-heavy ion irradiation of single-crystal diamond. The patterned buried structural damage is shown to generate, via swelling, a mirror-pattern on the sample surface, which remains largely damage-free. While extensive results are available for light ion implantations, this effect is reported here for the first…
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This paper presents experimental data and analysis of the structural damage caused by swift-heavy ion irradiation of single-crystal diamond. The patterned buried structural damage is shown to generate, via swelling, a mirror-pattern on the sample surface, which remains largely damage-free. While extensive results are available for light ion implantations, this effect is reported here for the first time in the heavy ion regime, where a completely different range of input parameters (in terms of ion species, energy, stopping power, etc.) is available for customized irradiation. The chosen ion species are Au and Br, in the energy range 10-40 MeV. The observed patterns, as characterized by profilometry and atomic force microscopy, are reported in a series of model experiments, which show swelling patterns ranging from a few nm to above 200 nm. Moreover, a systematic phenomenological modelling is presented, in which surface swelling measurements are correlated to buried crystal damage. A comparison is made with data for light ion implantations, showing good compatibility with the proposed models. The modelling presented in this work can be useful for the design and realization of micropatterned surfaces in single crystal diamond, allowing to generate highly customized structures by combining appropriately chosen irradiation parameters and masks.
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Submitted 25 August, 2016;
originally announced August 2016.
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Instability and Surface Potential Modulation of Self-Patterned (001)SrTiO3 Surfaces
Authors:
Lucia Aballe,
Sonia Matencio,
Michael Foerster,
Esther Barrena,
Florencio Sanchez,
Josep Fontcuberta,
Carmen Ocal
Abstract:
The (001)SrTiO3 crystal surface can be engineered to display a self-organized pattern of well-separated and nearly pure single-terminated SrO and TiO2 regions by high temperature annealing in oxidizing atmosphere. By using surface sensitive techniques we have obtained evidence of such surface chemical self-structuration in as-prepared crystals and unambiguously identified the local composition. Th…
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The (001)SrTiO3 crystal surface can be engineered to display a self-organized pattern of well-separated and nearly pure single-terminated SrO and TiO2 regions by high temperature annealing in oxidizing atmosphere. By using surface sensitive techniques we have obtained evidence of such surface chemical self-structuration in as-prepared crystals and unambiguously identified the local composition. The contact surface potential at regions initially consisting of majority single terminations (SrO and TiO2) is determined to be smaller for SrO than for TiO2, in agreement with theoretical predictions, although the measured difference below 100 meV is definitely smaller than theoretical predictions for ideally pure single-terminated SrO and TiO2 surfaces. These relative values are maintained if samples are annealed in UHV up to 200 degrees Celsius. Annealing in UHV at higher temperature (400 degrees Celsius) preserves the surface morphology of self-assembled TiO2 and SrO rich regions, although a non-negligible chemical intermixing is observed. The most dramatic consequence is that the surface potential is reversed. It thus follows that electronic and chemical properties of (001)SrTiO3, widely used in oxide thin films growth, can largely vary before growth starts in a manner strongly dependent on temperature and pressure conditions.
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Submitted 13 October, 2015;
originally announced October 2015.
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Giant reversible nanoscale piezoresistance at room temperature in Sr2IrO4 thin films
Authors:
Neus Domingo,
Laura López-Mir,
Marcos Paradinas,
Vaclav Holy,
Jakuv Zelezny,
Di Yi,
Siriyara J. Suresha,
Jian Liu,
Claudy Rayan-Serrao,
Ramamoorthy Ramesh,
Carmen Ocal,
Xavi Martí,
Gustau Catalan
Abstract:
Layered iridates have been the subject of intense scrutiny on account of their unusually strong spin-orbit coupling, which opens up a narrow gap in a material that would otherwise be a metal. This insulating state is very sensitive to external perturbations. Here, we show that vertical compression at the nanoscale, delivered using the tip of a standard scanning probe microscope, is capable of indu…
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Layered iridates have been the subject of intense scrutiny on account of their unusually strong spin-orbit coupling, which opens up a narrow gap in a material that would otherwise be a metal. This insulating state is very sensitive to external perturbations. Here, we show that vertical compression at the nanoscale, delivered using the tip of a standard scanning probe microscope, is capable of inducing a five orders of magnitude change in the room temperature resistivity of Sr2IrO4. The extreme sensitivity of the electronic structure to anisotropic deformations opens up a new angle of interest on this material, and the giant and fully reversible perpendicular piezoresistance makes iridates a promising material for room temperature piezotronic devices.
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Submitted 20 April, 2015;
originally announced April 2015.
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Tailored surfaces of perovskite oxide substrates for conducted growth of thin films
Authors:
Florencio Sanchez,
Carmen Ocal,
Josep Fontcuberta
Abstract:
Oxide electronics relies on the availability of epitaxial oxide thin films. The extreme flexibility of the chemical composition of ABO3 perovskites and the broad spectrum of properties they cover, inspire the creativity of scientists and place perovskites in the lead of functional materials for advanced technologies. Moreover, emerging properties are being discovered at interfaces between distinct…
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Oxide electronics relies on the availability of epitaxial oxide thin films. The extreme flexibility of the chemical composition of ABO3 perovskites and the broad spectrum of properties they cover, inspire the creativity of scientists and place perovskites in the lead of functional materials for advanced technologies. Moreover, emerging properties are being discovered at interfaces between distinct perovskites that could not be anticipated on the basis of those of the adjacent epitaxial layers. All dreamed new prospects require the use of suitable substrates for epitaxial growth. Perovskite single crystals are the workhorses of this activity and understanding and controlling their surface properties have become critical. In this tutorial review we will chiefly focus on the impact of the morphology and composition of the surface of ABO3 perovskite substrates on the growth mechanisms and properties of thin films epitaxially grown on them. As SrTiO3 is the most popular substrate, we will mostly concentrate on describing the current understanding and achievements for it. Illustrative examples of other perovskite substrates (LaAlO3, LSAT and DyScO3) will be also included. We will show that distinct chemical terminations can exist on the surfaces used for growth and we will review methods employed either to select the most appropriate one for specific growth to allow, for instance, tailoring the ultimate outmost epilayer, or to induce self-ordering to engineer long-range nanoscale patterns of chemical terminations. We will demonstrate the capacity of this knowledge by the growth of low-dimensional organic and inorganic structures.
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Submitted 29 March, 2014;
originally announced March 2014.