InterQnet: A Heterogeneous Full-Stack Approach to Co-designing Scalable Quantum Networks
Authors:
Joaquin Chung,
Daniel Dilley,
Ely Eastman,
Alvin Gonzales,
Kara Hokenstad,
Md Shariful Islam,
Varun Jorapur,
Joseph Petrullo,
Andy C. Y. Li,
Bikun Li,
Vasileios Niaouris,
Anirudh Ramesh,
Ansh Singal,
Caitao Zhan,
Michael Bishof,
Eric Chitambar,
Jacob P. Covey,
Alan Dibos,
Xu Han,
Liang Jiang,
Prem Kumar,
Jeffrey Larson,
Zain H. Saleem,
Rajkumar Kettimuthu
Abstract:
Quantum communications have progressed significantly, moving from a theoretical concept to small-scale experiments to recent metropolitan-scale demonstrations. As the technology matures, it is expected to revolutionize quantum computing in much the same way that classical networks revolutionized classical computing. Quantum communications will also enable breakthroughs in quantum sensing, metrolog…
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Quantum communications have progressed significantly, moving from a theoretical concept to small-scale experiments to recent metropolitan-scale demonstrations. As the technology matures, it is expected to revolutionize quantum computing in much the same way that classical networks revolutionized classical computing. Quantum communications will also enable breakthroughs in quantum sensing, metrology, and other areas. However, scalability has emerged as a major challenge, particularly in terms of the number and heterogeneity of nodes, the distances between nodes, the diversity of applications, and the scale of user demand. This paper describes InterQnet, a multidisciplinary project that advances scalable quantum communications through a comprehensive approach that improves devices, error handling, and network architecture. InterQnet has a two-pronged strategy to address scalability challenges: InterQnet-Achieve focuses on practical realizations of heterogeneous quantum networks by building and then integrating first-generation quantum repeaters with error mitigation schemes and centralized automated network control systems. The resulting system will enable quantum communications between two heterogeneous quantum platforms through a third type of platform operating as a repeater node. InterQnet-Scale focuses on a systems study of architectural choices for scalable quantum networks by developing forward-looking models of quantum network devices, advanced error correction schemes, and entanglement protocols. Here we report our current progress toward achieving our scalability goals.
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Submitted 15 March, 2026; v1 submitted 23 September, 2025;
originally announced September 2025.