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Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report
Authors:
R. Abdul Khalek,
A. Accardi,
J. Adam,
D. Adamiak,
W. Akers,
M. Albaladejo,
A. Al-bataineh,
M. G. Alexeev,
F. Ameli,
P. Antonioli,
N. Armesto,
W. R. Armstrong,
M. Arratia,
J. Arrington,
A. Asaturyan,
M. Asai,
E. C. Aschenauer,
S. Aune,
H. Avagyan,
C. Ayerbe Gayoso,
B. Azmoun,
A. Bacchetta,
M. D. Baker,
F. Barbosa,
L. Barion
, et al. (390 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon…
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This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions.
This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter
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Submitted 26 October, 2021; v1 submitted 8 March, 2021;
originally announced March 2021.
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Precision Small Scattering Angle Measurements of Elastic Proton-Proton Single and Double Spin Analyzing Powers at the RHIC Hydrogen Jet Polarimeter
Authors:
A. A. Poblaguev,
A. Zelenski,
E. Aschenauer,
G. Atoian,
K. O. Eyser,
H. Huang,
Y. Makdisi,
W. B. Schmidke,
I. Alekseev,
D. Svirida,
N. H. Buttimore
Abstract:
The Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target polarimeter is employed by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to measure the absolute polarization of each colliding proton beam. Polarimeter detectors and data acquisition were upgraded in 2015 to increase solid angle, energy range and energy resolution. These upgrades and advanced systematic error analysis along with improved beam intensity an…
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The Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target polarimeter is employed by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to measure the absolute polarization of each colliding proton beam. Polarimeter detectors and data acquisition were upgraded in 2015 to increase solid angle, energy range and energy resolution. These upgrades and advanced systematic error analysis along with improved beam intensity and polarization in RHIC runs 2015 ($E_\textrm{beam}=100\,\text{GeV}$) and 2017 ($255\,\text{GeV}$) allowed us to greatly reduce the statistical and systematic uncertainties for elastic spin asymmetries, $A_N(t)$ and $A_NN(t)$, in the Coulomb-nuclear interference momentum transfer range $0.0013<-t<0.018\,\text{GeV}^2$. For the first time hadronic single spin-flip $r_5$ and double spin-flip $r_2$ amplitude parameters were reliably isolated at these energies and momentum transfers. Measurements at two beam energies enable a separation of Pomeron and Regge pole contributions to $r_5(s)$ and $r_2(s)$, indicating that the spin component may persist at high energies.
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Submitted 24 September, 2019;
originally announced September 2019.
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The RHIC SPIN Program: Achievements and Future Opportunities
Authors:
Elke-Caroline Aschenauer,
Alexander Bazilevsky,
Markus Diehl,
James Drachenberg,
Kjeld Oleg Eyser,
Renee Fatemi,
Carl Gagliardi,
Zhongbo Kang,
Yuri V. Kovchegov,
John Lajoie,
Jeong-Hun Lee,
Emanuele-R. Nocera,
Daniel Pitonyak,
Alexei Prokudin,
Rodolfo Sassot,
Ralf Seidl,
Ernst Sichtermann,
Matt Sievert,
Bernd Surrow,
Marco Stratmann,
Werner Vogelsang,
Anselm Vossen,
Scott W. Wissink,
Feng Yuan
Abstract:
Time and again, spin has been a key element in the exploration of fundamental physics. Spin-dependent observables have often revealed deficits in the assumed theoretical framework and have led to novel developments and concepts. Spin is exploited in many parity-violating experiments searching for physics beyond the Standard Model or studying the nature of nucleon-nucleon forces. The RHIC spin prog…
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Time and again, spin has been a key element in the exploration of fundamental physics. Spin-dependent observables have often revealed deficits in the assumed theoretical framework and have led to novel developments and concepts. Spin is exploited in many parity-violating experiments searching for physics beyond the Standard Model or studying the nature of nucleon-nucleon forces. The RHIC spin program plays a special role in this grand scheme: it uses spin to study how a complex many-body system such as the proton arises from the dynamics of QCD. Many exciting results from RHIC spin have emerged to date, most of them from RHIC running after the 2007 Long Range Plan. In this document we present highlights from the RHIC program to date and lay out the roadmap for the significant advances that are possible with future RHIC running.
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Submitted 7 January, 2015; v1 submitted 6 January, 2015;
originally announced January 2015.