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A Bayesian approach to the long-baseline neutrino oscillation sensitivity of DUNE
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
S. Abbaslu,
F. Abd Alrahman,
A. Abed Abud,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
M. R. Adames,
G. Adamov,
M. Adamowski,
K. Adhikari,
C. Adriano,
K. Agudelo-Jaramillo,
F. Akbar,
F. Alemanno,
N. S. Alex,
L. Aliaga Soplin,
A. Alqaisi,
O. Alterkait,
A. Alton,
R. Alvarez,
T. Alves,
A. Aman,
H. Amar,
R. M. Amarinei,
P. Amedo
, et al. (1262 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is evaluated using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. This analysis uses the same underlying sensitivity inputs as previous DUNE studies [Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 978 (2020)], and therefore does not present updated DUNE sensitivities, but instead explores the additional inferences accessible usi…
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The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is evaluated using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. This analysis uses the same underlying sensitivity inputs as previous DUNE studies [Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 978 (2020)], and therefore does not present updated DUNE sensitivities, but instead explores the additional inferences accessible using a Bayesian approach. We present four-dimensional posterior probability distributions of the oscillation parameters, highlighting the breadth of correlation in the parameter space of interest, especially between $\sin^2 θ_{23}$ and $\sin^2 θ_{13}$. We exploit the flexibility of the Bayesian framework to incorporate parameter constraints post hoc and assess the impact of applying a reactor short-baseline $θ_{13}$ constraint. A significant increase in the sensitivity to the $θ_{23}$ octant is found when including the constraint. Posterior distributions of derived quantities can be easily constructed from MCMC results. This work presents the first study of DUNE's sensitivity to the Jarlskog invariant, $J$, a quantity that provides a parametrisation-independent measure of charge-parity violation in the leptonic sector.
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Submitted 4 August, 2026;
originally announced August 2026.
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Testing T2K's Bayesian constraints with priors in alternate parameterisations
Authors:
The T2K Collaboration,
K. Abe,
S. Abe,
R. Akutsu,
H. Alarakia-Charles,
Y. I. Alj Hakim,
S. Alonso Monsalve,
L. Anthony,
S. Aoki,
K. A. Apte,
T. Arai,
T. Arihara,
S. Arimoto,
Y. Ashida,
E. T. Atkin,
N. Babu,
V. Baranov,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
D. Barrow,
P. Bates,
L. Bathe-Peters,
M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak,
N. Baudis,
V. Berardi
, et al. (379 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Bayesian analysis results require a choice of prior distribution. In long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics, the usual parameterisation of the mixing matrix induces a prior that privileges certain neutrino mass and flavour state symmetries. Here we study the effect of privileging alternate symmetries on the results of the T2K experiment. We find that constraints on the level of CP violation (a…
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Bayesian analysis results require a choice of prior distribution. In long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics, the usual parameterisation of the mixing matrix induces a prior that privileges certain neutrino mass and flavour state symmetries. Here we study the effect of privileging alternate symmetries on the results of the T2K experiment. We find that constraints on the level of CP violation (as given by the Jarlskog invariant) are robust under the choices of prior considered in the analysis. On the other hand, the degree of octant preference for the atmospheric angle depends on which symmetry has been privileged.
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Submitted 2 July, 2025;
originally announced July 2025.
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Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
A. Abed Abud,
B. Abi,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
M. R. Adames,
G. Adamov,
M. Adamowski,
D. Adams,
M. Adinolfi,
C. Adriano,
A. Aduszkiewicz,
J. Aguilar,
Z. Ahmad,
J. Ahmed,
B. Aimard,
F. Akbar,
K. Allison,
S. Alonso Monsalve,
M. Alrashed,
A. Alton,
R. Alvarez,
P. Amedo,
J. Anderson,
D. A. Andrade
, et al. (1294 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is to measure the $\mathcal{O}(10)$ MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to be uniquely sensitive to the $ν_e$ component of the supernova flux, enabling a wide variety of physics…
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A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is to measure the $\mathcal{O}(10)$ MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to be uniquely sensitive to the $ν_e$ component of the supernova flux, enabling a wide variety of physics and astrophysics measurements. A key requirement for a correct interpretation of these measurements is a good understanding of the energy-dependent total cross section $σ(E_ν)$ for charged-current $ν_e$ absorption on argon. In the context of a simulated extraction of supernova $ν_e$ spectral parameters from a toy analysis, we investigate the impact of $σ(E_ν)$ modeling uncertainties on DUNE's supernova neutrino physics sensitivity for the first time. We find that the currently large theoretical uncertainties on $σ(E_ν)$ must be substantially reduced before the $ν_e$ flux parameters can be extracted reliably: in the absence of external constraints, a measurement of the integrated neutrino luminosity with less than 10\% bias with DUNE requires $σ(E_ν)$ to be known to about 5%. The neutrino spectral shape parameters can be known to better than 10% for a 20% uncertainty on the cross-section scale, although they will be sensitive to uncertainties on the shape of $σ(E_ν)$. A direct measurement of low-energy $ν_e$-argon scattering would be invaluable for improving the theoretical precision to the needed level.
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Submitted 7 July, 2023; v1 submitted 29 March, 2023;
originally announced March 2023.
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Searching for solar KDAR with DUNE
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
A. Abed Abud,
B. Abi,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
M. R. Adames,
G. Adamov,
D. Adams,
M. Adinolfi,
A. Aduszkiewicz,
J. Aguilar,
Z. Ahmad,
J. Ahmed,
B. Ali-Mohammadzadeh,
T. Alion,
K. Allison,
S. Alonso Monsalve,
M. Alrashed,
C. Alt,
A. Alton,
P. Amedo,
J. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. Andreotti,
M. P. Andrews
, et al. (1157 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The observation of 236 MeV muon neutrinos from kaon-decay-at-rest (KDAR) originating in the core of the Sun would provide a unique signature of dark matter annihilation. Since excellent angle and energy reconstruction are necessary to detect this monoenergetic, directional neutrino flux, DUNE with its vast volume and reconstruction capabilities, is a promising candidate for a KDAR neutrino search.…
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The observation of 236 MeV muon neutrinos from kaon-decay-at-rest (KDAR) originating in the core of the Sun would provide a unique signature of dark matter annihilation. Since excellent angle and energy reconstruction are necessary to detect this monoenergetic, directional neutrino flux, DUNE with its vast volume and reconstruction capabilities, is a promising candidate for a KDAR neutrino search. In this work, we evaluate the proposed KDAR neutrino search strategies by realistically modeling both neutrino-nucleus interactions and the response of DUNE. We find that, although reconstruction of the neutrino energy and direction is difficult with current techniques in the relevant energy range, the superb energy resolution, angular resolution, and particle identification offered by DUNE can still permit great signal/background discrimination. Moreover, there are non-standard scenarios in which searches at DUNE for KDAR in the Sun can probe dark matter interactions.
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Submitted 26 October, 2021; v1 submitted 19 July, 2021;
originally announced July 2021.
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Experiment Simulation Configurations Approximating DUNE TDR
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
B. Abi,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
G. Adamov,
D. Adams,
M. Adinolfi,
Z. Ahmad,
J. Ahmed,
T. Alion,
S. Alonso Monsalve,
C. Alt,
J. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. P. Andrews,
F. Andrianala,
S. Andringa,
A. Ankowski,
M. Antonova,
S. Antusch,
A. Aranda-Fernandez,
A. Ariga,
L. O. Arnold,
M. A. Arroyave,
J. Asaadi
, et al. (949 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment consisting of a high-power, broadband neutrino beam, a highly capable near detector located on site at Fermilab, in Batavia, Illinois, and a massive liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) far detector located at the 4850L of Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South…
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The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment consisting of a high-power, broadband neutrino beam, a highly capable near detector located on site at Fermilab, in Batavia, Illinois, and a massive liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) far detector located at the 4850L of Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The long-baseline physics sensitivity calculations presented in the DUNE Physics TDR, and in a related physics paper, rely upon simulation of the neutrino beam line, simulation of neutrino interactions in the near and far detectors, fully automated event reconstruction and neutrino classification, and detailed implementation of systematic uncertainties. The purpose of this posting is to provide a simplified summary of the simulations that went into this analysis to the community, in order to facilitate phenomenological studies of long-baseline oscillation at DUNE. Simulated neutrino flux files and a GLoBES configuration describing the far detector reconstruction and selection performance are included as ancillary files to this posting. A simple analysis using these configurations in GLoBES produces sensitivity that is similar, but not identical, to the official DUNE sensitivity. DUNE welcomes those interested in performing phenomenological work as members of the collaboration, but also recognizes the benefit of making these configurations readily available to the wider community.
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Submitted 18 March, 2021; v1 submitted 8 March, 2021;
originally announced March 2021.
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Prospects for Beyond the Standard Model Physics Searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
B. Abi,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
G. Adamov,
D. Adams,
M. Adinolfi,
Z. Ahmad,
J. Ahmed,
T. Alion,
S. Alonso Monsalve,
C. Alt,
J. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. P. Andrews,
F. Andrianala,
S. Andringa,
A. Ankowski,
M. Antonova,
S. Antusch,
A. Aranda-Fernandez,
A. Ariga,
L. O. Arnold,
M. A. Arroyave,
J. Asaadi
, et al. (953 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables…
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The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE's sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach.
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Submitted 23 April, 2021; v1 submitted 28 August, 2020;
originally announced August 2020.
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Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
B. Abi,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
G. Adamov,
D. Adams,
M. Adinolfi,
Z. Ahmad,
J. Ahmed,
T. Alion,
S. Alonso Monsalve,
C. Alt,
J. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. P. Andrews,
F. Andrianala,
S. Andringa,
A. Ankowski,
M. Antonova,
S. Antusch,
A. Aranda-Fernandez,
A. Ariga,
L. O. Arnold,
M. A. Arroyave,
J. Asaadi
, et al. (949 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neu…
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The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5$σ$, for all $δ_{\mathrm{CP}}$ values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3$σ$ (5$σ$) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50\% of all $δ_{\mathrm{CP}}$ values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to $\sin^{2} 2θ_{13}$ to current reactor experiments.
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Submitted 6 December, 2021; v1 submitted 26 June, 2020;
originally announced June 2020.
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Physics Potentials with the Second Hyper-Kamiokande Detector in Korea
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande proto-collaboration,
:,
K. Abe,
Ke. Abe,
S. H. Ahn,
H. Aihara,
A. Aimi,
R. Akutsu,
C. Andreopoulos,
I. Anghel,
L. H. V. Anthony,
M. Antonova,
Y. Ashida,
V. Aushev,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
P. Beltrame,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin,
S. Berkman,
L. Berns,
T. Berry,
S. Bhadra,
D. Bravo-Bergu no
, et al. (331 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Hyper-Kamiokande consists of two identical water-Cherenkov detectors of total 520~kt with the first one in Japan at 295~km from the J-PARC neutrino beam with 2.5$^{\textrm{o}}$ Off-Axis Angles (OAAs), and the second one possibly in Korea in a later stage. Having the second detector in Korea would benefit almost all areas of neutrino oscillation physics mainly due to longer baselines. There are sev…
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Hyper-Kamiokande consists of two identical water-Cherenkov detectors of total 520~kt with the first one in Japan at 295~km from the J-PARC neutrino beam with 2.5$^{\textrm{o}}$ Off-Axis Angles (OAAs), and the second one possibly in Korea in a later stage. Having the second detector in Korea would benefit almost all areas of neutrino oscillation physics mainly due to longer baselines. There are several candidate sites in Korea with baselines of 1,000$\sim$1,300~km and OAAs of 1$^{\textrm{o}}$$\sim$3$^{\textrm{o}}$. We conducted sensitivity studies on neutrino oscillation physics for a second detector, either in Japan (JD $\times$ 2) or Korea (JD + KD) and compared the results with a single detector in Japan. Leptonic CP violation sensitivity is improved especially when the CP is non-maximally violated. The larger matter effect at Korean candidate sites significantly enhances sensitivities to non-standard interactions of neutrinos and mass ordering determination. Current studies indicate the best sensitivity is obtained at Mt. Bisul (1,088~km baseline, $1.3^\circ$ OAA). Thanks to a larger (1,000~m) overburden than the first detector site, clear improvements to sensitivities for solar and supernova relic neutrino searches are expected.
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Submitted 26 March, 2018; v1 submitted 18 November, 2016;
originally announced November 2016.
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Physics Potential of a Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment Using J-PARC Neutrino Beam and Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande Proto-Collaboraion,
:,
K. Abe,
H. Aihara,
C. Andreopoulos,
I. Anghel,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
R. Asfandiyarov,
M. Askins,
J. J. Back,
P. Ballett,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
F. Bay,
P. Beltrame,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin,
S. Berkman,
T. Berry,
S. Bhadra,
F. d. M. Blaszczyk,
A. Blondel,
S. Bolognesi
, et al. (225 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of $CP$ asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams.
In this paper, the physics potential of a…
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Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of $CP$ asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams.
In this paper, the physics potential of a long baseline neutrino experiment using the Hyper-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam from the J-PARC proton synchrotron is presented. The analysis uses the framework and systematic uncertainties derived from the ongoing T2K experiment. With a total exposure of 7.5 MW $\times$ 10$^7$ sec integrated proton beam power (corresponding to $1.56\times10^{22}$ protons on target with a 30 GeV proton beam) to a $2.5$-degree off-axis neutrino beam, it is expected that the leptonic $CP$ phase $δ_{CP}$ can be determined to better than 19 degrees for all possible values of $δ_{CP}$, and $CP$ violation can be established with a statistical significance of more than $3\,σ$ ($5\,σ$) for $76\%$ ($58\%$) of the $δ_{CP}$ parameter space. Using both $ν_e$ appearance and $ν_μ$ disappearance data, the expected 1$σ$ uncertainty of $\sin^2θ_{23}$ is 0.015(0.006) for $\sin^2θ_{23}=0.5(0.45)$.
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Submitted 31 March, 2015; v1 submitted 18 February, 2015;
originally announced February 2015.
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A Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment Using J-PARC Neutrino Beam and Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande Working Group,
:,
K. Abe,
H. Aihara,
C. Andreopoulos,
I. Anghel,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
R. Asfandiyarov,
M. Askins,
J. J. Back,
P. Ballett,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
F. Bay,
P. Beltrame,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin,
S. Berkman,
T. Berry,
S. Bhadra,
F. d. M. Blaszczyk,
A. Blondel,
S. Bolognesi
, et al. (224 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of $CP$ asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams.
In this document, the physics potential o…
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Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of $CP$ asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams.
In this document, the physics potential of a long baseline neutrino experiment using the Hyper-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam from the J-PARC proton synchrotron is presented. The analysis has been updated from the previous Letter of Intent [K. Abe et al., arXiv:1109.3262 [hep-ex]], based on the experience gained from the ongoing T2K experiment. With a total exposure of 7.5 MW $\times$ 10$^7$ sec integrated proton beam power (corresponding to $1.56\times10^{22}$ protons on target with a 30 GeV proton beam) to a $2.5$-degree off-axis neutrino beam produced by the J-PARC proton synchrotron, it is expected that the $CP$ phase $δ_{CP}$ can be determined to better than 19 degrees for all possible values of $δ_{CP}$, and $CP$ violation can be established with a statistical significance of more than $3\,σ$ ($5\,σ$) for $76%$ ($58%$) of the $δ_{CP}$ parameter space.
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Submitted 18 January, 2015; v1 submitted 15 December, 2014;
originally announced December 2014.
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Light sterile neutrino sensitivity at the nuSTORM facility
Authors:
D. Adey,
S. K. Agarwalla,
C. M. Ankenbrandt,
R. Asfandiyarov,
J. J. Back,
G. Barker,
E. Baussan,
R. Bayes,
S. Bhadra,
V. Blackmore,
A. Blondel,
S. A. Bogacz,
C. Booth,
S. B. Boyd,
S. G. Bramsiepe,
A. Bravar,
S. J. Brice,
A. D. Bross,
F. Cadoux,
H. Cease,
A. Cervera,
J. Cobb,
D. Colling,
P. Coloma,
L. Coney
, et al. (87 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
A facility that can deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam has the potential to unambiguously resolve the issue of the evidence for light sterile neutrinos that arises in short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments and from estimates of the effective number of neutrino flavors from fits to cosmological data. In this paper, we show that the nuSTORM fac…
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A facility that can deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam has the potential to unambiguously resolve the issue of the evidence for light sterile neutrinos that arises in short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments and from estimates of the effective number of neutrino flavors from fits to cosmological data. In this paper, we show that the nuSTORM facility, with stored muons of 3.8 GeV/c $\pm$ 10%, will be able to carry out a conclusive muon neutrino appearance search for sterile neutrinos and test the LSND and MiniBooNE experimental signals with 10$σ$ sensitivity, even assuming conservative estimates for the systematic uncertainties. This experiment would add greatly to our knowledge of the contribution of light sterile neutrinos to the number of effective neutrino flavors from the abundance of primordial helium production and from constraints on neutrino energy density from the cosmic microwave background. The appearance search is complemented by a simultaneous muon neutrino disappearance analysis that will facilitate tests of various sterile neutrino models.
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Submitted 21 February, 2014;
originally announced February 2014.
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The mass-hierarchy and CP-violation discovery reach of the LBNO long-baseline neutrino experiment
Authors:
LAGUNA-LBNO Collaboration,
:,
S. K. Agarwalla,
L. Agostino,
M. Aittola,
A. Alekou,
B. Andrieu,
D. Angus,
F. Antoniou,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
R. Asfandiyarov,
D. Autiero,
P. Ballett,
I. Bandac,
D. Banerjee,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
W. Bartmann,
F. Bay,
V. Berardi,
I. Bertram,
O. Bésida,
A. M. Blebea-Apostu,
A. Blondel
, et al. (193 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The next generation neutrino observatory proposed by the LBNO collaboration will address fundamental questions in particle and astroparticle physics. The experiment consists of a far detector, in its first stage a 20 kt LAr double phase TPC and a magnetised iron calorimeter, situated at 2300 km from CERN and a near detector based on a high-pressure argon gas TPC. The long baseline provides a uniqu…
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The next generation neutrino observatory proposed by the LBNO collaboration will address fundamental questions in particle and astroparticle physics. The experiment consists of a far detector, in its first stage a 20 kt LAr double phase TPC and a magnetised iron calorimeter, situated at 2300 km from CERN and a near detector based on a high-pressure argon gas TPC. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the $L/E$ behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from $δ_{CP}$ and matter.
In this paper we have reevaluated the physics potential of this setup for determining the mass hierarchy (MH) and discovering CP-violation (CPV), using a conventional neutrino beam from the CERN SPS with a power of 750 kW. We use conservative assumptions on the knowledge of oscillation parameter priors and systematic uncertainties. The impact of each systematic error and the precision of oscillation prior is shown. We demonstrate that the first stage of LBNO can determine unambiguously the MH to $>5σ$C.L. over the whole phase space. We show that the statistical treatment of the experiment is of very high importance, resulting in the conclusion that LBNO has $\sim$ 100% probability to determine the MH in at most 4-5 years of running. Since the knowledge of MH is indispensable to extract $δ_{CP}$ from the data, the first LBNO phase can convincingly give evidence for CPV on the $3σ$C.L. using today's knowledge on oscillation parameters and realistic assumptions on the systematic uncertainties.
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Submitted 20 January, 2014; v1 submitted 23 December, 2013;
originally announced December 2013.
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The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe
Authors:
LBNE Collaboration,
Corey Adams,
David Adams,
Tarek Akiri,
Tyler Alion,
Kris Anderson,
Costas Andreopoulos,
Mike Andrews,
Ioana Anghel,
João Carlos Costa dos Anjos,
Maddalena Antonello,
Enrique Arrieta-Diaz,
Marina Artuso,
Jonathan Asaadi,
Xinhua Bai,
Bagdat Baibussinov,
Michael Baird,
Baha Balantekin,
Bruce Baller,
Brian Baptista,
D'Ann Barker,
Gary Barker,
William A. Barletta,
Giles Barr,
Larry Bartoszek
, et al. (461 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Exp…
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The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.
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Submitted 22 April, 2014; v1 submitted 28 July, 2013;
originally announced July 2013.
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Neutrinos from Stored Muons nuSTORM: Expression of Interest
Authors:
D. Adey,
S. K. Agarwalla,
C. M. Ankenbrandt,
R. Asfandiyarov,
J. J. Back,
G. Barker,
E. Baussan,
R. Bayes,
S. Bhadra,
V. Blackmore,
A. Blondel,
S. A. Bogacz,
C. Booth,
S. B. Boyd,
A. Bravar,
S. J. Brice,
A. D. Bross,
F. Cadoux,
H. Cease,
A. Cervera,
J. Cobb,
D. Colling,
L. Coney,
A. Dobbs,
J. Dobson
, et al. (84 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The nuSTORM facility has been designed to deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam with a central momentum of 3.8 GeV/c and a momentum spread of 10%. The facility is unique in that it will: serve the future long- and short-baseline neutrino-oscillation programmes by providing definitive measurements of electron-neutrino- and muon-neutrino-nucleus cross sect…
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The nuSTORM facility has been designed to deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam with a central momentum of 3.8 GeV/c and a momentum spread of 10%. The facility is unique in that it will: serve the future long- and short-baseline neutrino-oscillation programmes by providing definitive measurements of electron-neutrino- and muon-neutrino-nucleus cross sections with percent-level precision; allow searches for sterile neutrinos of exquisite sensitivity to be carried out; and constitute the essential first step in the incremental development of muon accelerators as a powerful new technique for particle physics.
Of the world's proton-accelerator laboratories, only CERN and FNAL have the infrastructure required to mount nuSTORM. Since no siting decision has yet been taken, the purpose of this Expression of Interest (EoI) is to request the resources required to: investigate in detail how nuSTORM could be implemented at CERN; and develop options for decisive European contributions to the nuSTORM facility and experimental programme wherever the facility is sited.
The EoI defines a two-year programme culminating in the delivery of a Technical Design Report.
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Submitted 7 May, 2013;
originally announced May 2013.
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Interim Design Report
Authors:
R. J. Abrams,
S. K. Agarwalla,
A. Alekou,
C. Andreopoulos,
C. M. Ankenbrandt,
S. Antusch,
M. Apollonio,
M. Aslaninejad,
J. Back,
P. Ballett,
G. Barker,
K. B. Beard,
E. Benedetto,
J. R. J. Bennett,
J. S. Berg,
S. Bhattacharya,
V. Blackmore,
M. Blennow,
A. Blondel,
A. Bogacz,
M. Bonesini,
C. Bontoiu,
C. Booth,
C. Bromberg,
S. J. Brooks
, et al. (111 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was established by the community at the ninth "International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, super-beams, and beta- beams" which was held in Okayama in August 2007. The IDS-NF mandate is to deliver the Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility on the timescale of 2012/13. In addition, the mandate for the study [3] requires a…
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The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was established by the community at the ninth "International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, super-beams, and beta- beams" which was held in Okayama in August 2007. The IDS-NF mandate is to deliver the Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility on the timescale of 2012/13. In addition, the mandate for the study [3] requires an Interim Design Report to be delivered midway through the project as a step on the way to the RDR. This document, the IDR, has two functions: it marks the point in the IDS-NF at which the emphasis turns to the engineering studies required to deliver the RDR and it documents baseline concepts for the accelerator complex, the neutrino detectors, and the instrumentation systems. The IDS-NF is, in essence, a site-independent study. Example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL, have been identified to allow site-specific issues to be addressed in the cost analysis that will be presented in the RDR. The choice of example sites should not be interpreted as implying a preferred choice of site for the facility.
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Submitted 13 December, 2011;
originally announced December 2011.