Showing 1–40 of 40 results for author: Ehlers, R

VarP-GP: cost-efficient Bayesian emulation of quark-gluon plasma modeling with variable statistical precision

Authors: R. Ehlers, Y. Ji, P. M. Jacobs, S. Mak

Abstract: We present VarP-GP, a new cost-efficient Bayesian emulator for expensive computational models with variable statistical precision. We focus on the interpretation of measurements of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) generated in high-energy nuclear collisions, through comparison to numerical models using Bayesian Inference. Such inference calculations are computationally expensive and require surrogate… ▽ More We present VarP-GP, a new cost-efficient Bayesian emulator for expensive computational models with variable statistical precision. We focus on the interpretation of measurements of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) generated in high-energy nuclear collisions, through comparison to numerical models using Bayesian Inference. Such inference calculations are computationally expensive and require surrogate model emulation, which is commonly implemented using Machine Learning (ML)--based Gaussian processes (GPs). Emulator training data are generated by Monte Carlo simulations whose numerical precision depends on the computational resources utilized; improved precision entails greater computational cost. This study utilizes JETSCAPE simulations of inclusive hadron and jet measurements in nuclear collisions at RHIC and the LHC. The VarP-GP emulator combines information from multiple simulation runs with varying precision across the model parameter space, taking advantage of the smoothness in that space of QCD-driven processes. Comparison to a traditional emulator approach shows a marked reduction in emulator uncertainty at fixed computational cost, indicating that knowledge of the overall contours of the parameter design space is more important for precise emulation than detailed information at a more limited number of design points. As an initial application of VarP-GP, a computationally-expensive model parameter sensitivity study of jet quenching data is reported. The VarP-GP emulator enables new multi-model and many-observable calibrations of QGP data and modeling, which would otherwise not be possible with achievable computing resources. △ Less

Submitted 4 March, 2026; originally announced March 2026.

Comments: Submitted to Physical Review C

Longitudinal Dynamics of Large and Small Systems from a 3D Bayesian Calibration of RHIC Top-energy Collision Data

Authors: A. Mankolli, C. Shen, M. Luzum, J. -F. Paquet, M. Singh, J. Velkovska, S. A. Bass, C. Gale, G. A. C. da Silva, L. Du, L. Kasper, G. S. Rocha, D. Soeder, S. Tuo, G. Vujanovic, X. Wu, W. Zhao, M. Chartier, Y. Chen, R. Datta, R. Dolan, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, R. J. Fries, D. A. Hangal , et al. (31 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: A comprehensive Bayesian analysis of the 3D dynamics of high-energy nuclear collisions is presented. We perform a systematic model-to-data comparison using simulations of large and small collision systems, and a broad range of measurements from the PHENIX, STAR, PHOBOS, and BRAHMS collaborations spanning nearly two decades of RHIC operations. In particular, we perform fully 3D multi-stage simulati… ▽ More A comprehensive Bayesian analysis of the 3D dynamics of high-energy nuclear collisions is presented. We perform a systematic model-to-data comparison using simulations of large and small collision systems, and a broad range of measurements from the PHENIX, STAR, PHOBOS, and BRAHMS collaborations spanning nearly two decades of RHIC operations. In particular, we perform fully 3D multi-stage simulations including rapidity-dependent energy deposition with global energy conservation using the 3D Glauber model, along with relativistic viscous hydrodynamics with MUSIC. We calibrate the model on rapidity- and $p_T$-differential observables and analyze the respective constraints on initial state and transport properties they provide. We emphasize the additional constraints provided by rapidity-dependent measurements, the differences in large and small system calibrations, and the tension exhibited by particular observables. We use our calibrated model to make predictions of observables in p-Au and $^3$He-Au collisions. Furthermore, we facilitate direct comparison of experimental measurements by highlighting the dependence of flow measurements on the rapidity of the regions of interest and reference, as well as the importance of the centrality selection. In particular, we examine the apparent differences between the STAR and PHENIX $v_2$ and $v_3$ measurements in small systems. △ Less

Submitted 23 January, 2026; originally announced January 2026.

Bayesian inference and jet quenching

Authors: Raymond Ehlers

Abstract: These proceedings review the application of Bayesian inference to high momentum transfer probes of the quark--gluon plasma (QGP). Bayesian inference techniques are introduced, highlighting critical components to consider when comparing analyses. Recent calibrations using hadron observables are described, illustrating the importance of the choice of parametrization. Additional recent analyses that… ▽ More These proceedings review the application of Bayesian inference to high momentum transfer probes of the quark--gluon plasma (QGP). Bayesian inference techniques are introduced, highlighting critical components to consider when comparing analyses. Recent calibrations using hadron observables are described, illustrating the importance of the choice of parametrization. Additional recent analyses that characterize the impact of the inclusion of jet observables, as well as soft-hard correlations, are reviewed. Finally, lessons learned from these analyses and important questions for the future are highlighted. △ Less

Submitted 29 July, 2025; originally announced July 2025.

Comments: Contribution to the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Hard Probes 2024), Nagasaki, Japan. Submitted to EPJ Web of Conferences. 8 pages, 5 figures

Interplay of prompt and non-prompt photons in photon-triggered jet observables

Authors: Chathuranga Sirimanna, Yasuki Tachibana, Abhijit Majumder, Aaron Angerami, Ritu Arora, Steffen Bass, Yi Chen, Ritoban Datta, Lipei Du, Raymond Ehlers, Hannah Elfner, Rainer J. Fries, Charles Gale, Yayun He, Barbara Jacak, Peter Jacobs, Sangyong Jeon, Yi Ji, Florian Jonas, Lauren Kasper, Michael Kordell, Amit Kumar, Raghav Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, Joseph Latessa, Yen-Jie Lee , et al. (27 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Prompt photons are important yet challenging to observe in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, as they are produced in the early stages and traverse almost the entire QGP medium without interaction. Experimental analyses typically employ isolation cuts, in the hope to identify prompt photons. Most theoretical studies consider only events with actual prompt photons, assuming no contribution from iso… ▽ More Prompt photons are important yet challenging to observe in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, as they are produced in the early stages and traverse almost the entire QGP medium without interaction. Experimental analyses typically employ isolation cuts, in the hope to identify prompt photons. Most theoretical studies consider only events with actual prompt photons, assuming no contribution from isolated non-prompt photons to reduce computational cost. For the first time, we present a study that compares simulation results generated using inclusive (bremsstrahlung) and prompt-photon events with multiple experimental observables for both $p-p$ and $Pb-Pb$ collisions at $5.02$ TeV. Simulations are carried out using the multi-stage JETSCAPE framework tuned to describe the quenching of jets and hadrons. Isolated non-prompt photons are generated in hard photon bremsstrahlung, where the photon is radiated at a sufficient angle to the jet. Several photon triggered jet and jet substructure observables show significant contributions from inclusive photons, yielding an improvement in comparison with experimental data. Novel photon triggered jet substructure observables are also expected to show new structures, yet to be detected in experiment. This effort examines the significance of isolated non-prompt photons using parameters tuned for a simultaneous description of the leading hadron and jet spectrum, and thus provides an independent verification of the multistage evolution framework. △ Less

Submitted 1 July, 2025; originally announced July 2025.

Comments: 5 pages, 4 figures

The effect of recoils on soft-drop-groomed observables in $γ$-tagged jets in a multistage approach

Authors: Y. Tachibana, C. Sirimanna, A. Majumder, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, Y. Chen, R. Datta, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, F. Jonas, L. Kasper, M. Kordell II, A. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, J. Latessa, Y. -J. Lee , et al. (27 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We investigate medium-induced modifications to jet substructure observables that characterize hard components in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$~TeV. Using a multistage Monte Carlo simulation of in-medium jet shower evolution, we explore flavor-dependent medium effects through simulations of inclusive and $γ$-tagged jets. The results show that quark jets undergo a nonmonotonic mod… ▽ More We investigate medium-induced modifications to jet substructure observables that characterize hard components in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$~TeV. Using a multistage Monte Carlo simulation of in-medium jet shower evolution, we explore flavor-dependent medium effects through simulations of inclusive and $γ$-tagged jets. The results show that quark jets undergo a nonmonotonic modification compared with gluon jets in observables such as the Pb-Pb to $p$-$p$ ratio of the soft drop prong angle $r_g$, the relative prong transverse momentum $k_{T,g}$, and the groomed mass $m_g$ distributions. Due to this nonmonotonic modification, $γ$-tagged jets, enriched in quark jets, provide surprisingly clear signals of medium-induced structural modifications, distinct from effects dominated by selection bias. Further systematic studies demonstrate that these effects are dominated by recoil medium response. This work highlights the potential of hard substructures in $γ$-tagged jets as powerful tools for probing the jet-medium interactions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, in particular by enabling detailed investigations of jet-medium parton scatterings via their associated medium response. All simulations for $γ$-tagged jet analyses carried out in this paper used triggered events containing at least one hard photon, which highlights the utility of these observables for future Bayesian analysis. △ Less

Submitted 13 March, 2026; v1 submitted 30 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: 31 pages, 35 figures

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. C 113, 034910 (2026)

Hybrid Hadronization -- A Study of In-Medium Hadronization of Jets

Authors: A. Sengupta, R. J. Fries, M. Kordell II, B. Kim, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, Y. Chen, R. Datta, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, C. Gale, Y. He, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, F. Jonas, L. Kasper, A. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, J. Latessa, Y. -J. Lee, R. Lemmon , et al. (28 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: QCD jets are considered important probes for quark gluon plasma created in collisions of nuclei at high energies. Their parton showers are significantly altered if they develop inside of a deconfined medium. Hadronization of jets is also thought to be affected by the presence of quarks and gluons. We present a systematic study of the effects of a thermal bath of partons on the hadronization of par… ▽ More QCD jets are considered important probes for quark gluon plasma created in collisions of nuclei at high energies. Their parton showers are significantly altered if they develop inside of a deconfined medium. Hadronization of jets is also thought to be affected by the presence of quarks and gluons. We present a systematic study of the effects of a thermal bath of partons on the hadronization of parton showers. We use the JETSCAPE framework to create parton showers both in vacuum and in a brick of quark gluon plasma. The brick setup allows important parameters, like the size of the plasma as well as the collective flow of partons, to be varied systematically. We hadronize the parton showers using Hybrid Hadronization, which permits shower partons to form strings with thermal partons, or to recombine directly with thermal partons as well as with each other. We find a sizeable amount of interaction of shower partons with thermal partons during hadronization, indicating a natural continuation of the interaction of jet and medium during this stage. The observed effects grow with the size of the medium. Collective flow easily transfers from the thermal partons onto the emerging jet hadrons. We also see a significant change in hadron chemistry as expected in the presence of quark recombination processes. △ Less

Submitted 27 January, 2025; originally announced January 2025.

Comments: 12 pages, 6 figures

White Paper on Software Infrastructure for Advanced Nuclear Physics Computing

Authors: P. M. Jacobs, A. Boehnlein, B. Sawatzky, J. Carlson, I. Cloet, M. Diefenthaler, R. G. Edwards, K. Godbey, W. R. Hix, K. Orginos, T. Papenbrock, M. Ploskon, C. Ratti, R. Soltz, T. Wenaus, L. Andreoli, J. Brodsky, D. Brown, A. Bulgac, G. D. Chung, S. J. Coleman, J. Detwiler, A. Dubey, R. Ehlers, S. Gandolfi , et al. (27 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This White Paper documents the discussion and consensus conclusions of the workshop "Software Infrastructure for Advanced Nuclear Physics Computing" (SANPC 24), which was held at Jefferson Lab on June 20-22, 2024. The workshop brought together members of the US Nuclear Physics community with data scientists and funding agency representatives, to discuss the challenges and opportunities in advanced… ▽ More This White Paper documents the discussion and consensus conclusions of the workshop "Software Infrastructure for Advanced Nuclear Physics Computing" (SANPC 24), which was held at Jefferson Lab on June 20-22, 2024. The workshop brought together members of the US Nuclear Physics community with data scientists and funding agency representatives, to discuss the challenges and opportunities in advanced computing for Nuclear Physics in the coming decade. Opportunities for sustainable support and growth are identified, within the context of existing and currently planned DOE and NSF programs. △ Less

Submitted 21 April, 2025; v1 submitted 1 January, 2025; originally announced January 2025.

Comments: Final version

Hard Photon Triggered Jets in $p$-$p$ and $A$-$A$ Collisions

Authors: C. Sirimanna, Y. Tachibana, A. Majumder, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, Y. Chen, R. Datta, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, F. Jonas, L. Kasper, M. Kordell II, A. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, J. Latessa, Y. -J. Lee , et al. (27 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: An investigation of high transverse momentum (high-$p_T$) photon triggered jets in proton-proton ($p$-$p$) and ion-ion ($A$-$A$) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 0.2$ and $5.02~\mathrm{TeV}$ is carried out, using the multistage description of in-medium jet evolution. Monte Carlo simulations of hard scattering and energy loss in heavy-ion collisions are performed using parameters tuned in a previous… ▽ More An investigation of high transverse momentum (high-$p_T$) photon triggered jets in proton-proton ($p$-$p$) and ion-ion ($A$-$A$) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 0.2$ and $5.02~\mathrm{TeV}$ is carried out, using the multistage description of in-medium jet evolution. Monte Carlo simulations of hard scattering and energy loss in heavy-ion collisions are performed using parameters tuned in a previous study of the nuclear modification factor ($R_{AA}$) for inclusive jets and high-$p_T$ hadrons. We obtain a good reproduction of the experimental data for photon triggered jet $R_{AA}$, as measured by the ATLAS detector, the distribution of the ratio of jet to photon $p_T$ ($X_{\rm J γ}$), measured by both CMS and ATLAS, and the photon-jet azimuthal correlation as measured by CMS. We obtain a moderate description of the photon triggered jet $I_{AA}$, as measured by STAR. A noticeable improvement in the comparison is observed when one goes beyond prompt photons and includes bremsstrahlung and decay photons, revealing their significance in certain kinematic regions, particularly at $X_{Jγ} > 1$. Moreover, azimuthal angle correlations demonstrate a notable impact of non-prompt photons on the distribution, emphasizing their role in accurately describing experimental results. This work highlights the success of the multistage model of jet modification to straightforwardly predict (this set of) photon triggered jet observables. This comparison, along with the role played by non-prompt photons, has important consequences on the inclusion of such observables in a future Bayesian analysis. △ Less

Submitted 27 December, 2024; originally announced December 2024.

Comments: 16 pages, 10 figures

Bayesian Inference analysis of jet quenching using inclusive jet and hadron suppression measurements

Authors: R. Ehlers, Y. Chen, J. Mulligan, Y. Ji, A. Kumar, S. Mak, P. M. Jacobs, A. Majumder, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, R. Datta, L. Du, H. Elfner, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, B. V. Jacak, S. Jeon, F. Jonas, L. Kasper, M. Kordell II, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, J. Latessa, Y. -J. Lee , et al. (28 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The JETSCAPE Collaboration reports a new determination of the jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) using Bayesian Inference, incorporating all available inclusive hadron and jet yield suppression data measured in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. This multi-observable analysis extends the previously published JETSCAPE Bayesian Inference determination of… ▽ More The JETSCAPE Collaboration reports a new determination of the jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) using Bayesian Inference, incorporating all available inclusive hadron and jet yield suppression data measured in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. This multi-observable analysis extends the previously published JETSCAPE Bayesian Inference determination of $\hat{q}$, which was based solely on a selection of inclusive hadron suppression data. JETSCAPE is a modular framework incorporating detailed dynamical models of QGP formation and evolution, and jet propagation and interaction in the QGP. Virtuality-dependent partonic energy loss in the QGP is modeled as a thermalized weakly-coupled plasma, with parameters determined from Bayesian calibration using soft-sector observables. This Bayesian calibration of $\hat{q}$ utilizes Active Learning, a machine--learning approach, for efficient exploitation of computing resources. The experimental data included in this analysis span a broad range in collision energy and centrality, and in transverse momentum. In order to explore the systematic dependence of the extracted parameter posterior distributions, several different calibrations are reported, based on combined jet and hadron data; on jet or hadron data separately; and on restricted kinematic or centrality ranges of the jet and hadron data. Tension is observed in comparison of these variations, providing new insights into the physics of jet transport in the QGP and its theoretical formulation. △ Less

Submitted 28 August, 2024; v1 submitted 15 August, 2024; originally announced August 2024.

Comments: 20 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, submitted to PRC; updated acknowledgements

Journal ref: Phys.Rev.C 111 (2025) 5, 054913

Measuring jet quenching with a Bayesian inference analysis of hadron and jet data by JETSCAPE

Authors: R. Ehlers, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, L. Du, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, L. Kasper, M. Kordell II, A. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, J. Latessa, S. Lee, Y. -J. Lee, D. Liyanage , et al. (28 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The JETSCAPE Collaboration reports the first multi-messenger study of the QGP jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ using Bayesian inference, incorporating all available hadron and jet inclusive yield and jet substructure data from RHIC and the LHC. The theoretical model utilizes virtuality-dependent in-medium partonic energy loss coupled to a detailed dynamical model of QGP evolution. Tension is obse… ▽ More The JETSCAPE Collaboration reports the first multi-messenger study of the QGP jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ using Bayesian inference, incorporating all available hadron and jet inclusive yield and jet substructure data from RHIC and the LHC. The theoretical model utilizes virtuality-dependent in-medium partonic energy loss coupled to a detailed dynamical model of QGP evolution. Tension is observed when constraining $\hat{q}$ for different kinematic cuts of the inclusive hadron data. The addition of substructure data is shown to improve the constraint on $\hat{q}$, without inducing tension with the constraint due to inclusive observables. These studies provide new insight into the mechanisms of jet interactions in matter, and point to next steps in the field for comprehensive understanding of jet quenching as a probe of the QGP. △ Less

Submitted 8 January, 2024; originally announced January 2024.

Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of Quark Matter 2023 - XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, Houston, TX, 3-9 September 2023

3D Multi-system Bayesian Calibration with Energy Conservation to Study Rapidity-dependent Dynamics of Nuclear Collisions

Authors: Andi Mankolli, Aaron Angerami, Ritu Arora, Steffen Bass, Shanshan Cao, Yi Chen, Lipei Du, Raymond Ehlers, Hannah Elfner, Wenkai Fan, Rainer J. Fries, Charles Gale, Yayun He, Ulrich Heinz, Barbara Jacak, Peter Jacobs, Sangyong Jeon, Yi Ji, Lauren Kasper, Michael Kordell II, Amit Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli, Joseph Latessa, Sook H. Lee, Yen-Jie Lee , et al. (26 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Considerable information about the early-stage dynamics of heavy-ion collisions is encoded in the rapidity dependence of measurements. To leverage the large amount of experimental data, we perform a systematic analysis using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of multiple collision systems -- large and small, symmetric and asymmetric. Specifically, we perform fully 3D multi-stage hydrodynam… ▽ More Considerable information about the early-stage dynamics of heavy-ion collisions is encoded in the rapidity dependence of measurements. To leverage the large amount of experimental data, we perform a systematic analysis using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of multiple collision systems -- large and small, symmetric and asymmetric. Specifically, we perform fully 3D multi-stage hydrodynamic simulations initialized by a parameterized model for rapidity-dependent energy deposition, which we calibrate on the hadron multiplicity and anisotropic flow coefficients. We utilize Bayesian inference to constrain properties of the early- and late- time dynamics of the system, and highlight the impact of enforcing global energy conservation in our 3D model. △ Less

Submitted 31 December, 2023; originally announced January 2024.

Hybrid Hadronization of Jet Showers from $e^++e^-$ to $A+A$ with JETSCAPE

Authors: Cameron Parker, Aaron Angerami, Ritu Arora, Steffen Bass, Shanshan Cao, Yi Chen, Raymond Ehlers, Hannah Elfner, Wenkai Fan, Rainer J. Fries, Charles Gale, Yayun He, Ulrich Heinz, Barbara Jacak, Peter Jacobs, Sangyong Jeon, Yi Ji, Lauren Kasper, Michael Kordell II, Amit Kumar, Joseph Latessa, Yen-Jie Lee, Roy Lemmon, Dananjaya Liyanage, Arthur Lopez , et al. (26 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: In this talk we review jet production in a large variety of collision systems using the JETSCAPE event generator and Hybrid Hadronization. Hybrid Hadronization combines quark recombination, applicable when distances between partons in phase space are small, and string fragmentation appropriate for dilute parton systems. It can therefore smoothly describe the transition from very dilute parton syst… ▽ More In this talk we review jet production in a large variety of collision systems using the JETSCAPE event generator and Hybrid Hadronization. Hybrid Hadronization combines quark recombination, applicable when distances between partons in phase space are small, and string fragmentation appropriate for dilute parton systems. It can therefore smoothly describe the transition from very dilute parton systems like $e^++e^-$ to full $A+A$ collisions. We test this picture by using JETSCAPE to generate jets in various systems. Comparison to experimental data in $e^++e^-$ and $p+p$ collisions allows for a precise tuning of vacuum baseline parameters in JETSCAPE and Hybrid Hadronization. Proceeding to systems with jets embedded in a medium, we study in-medium hadronization for jet showers. We quantify the effects of an ambient medium, focusing in particular on the dependence on the collective flow and size of the medium. Our results clarify the effects we expect from in-medium hadronization of jets on observables like fragmentation functions, hadron chemistry and jet shape. △ Less

Submitted 7 November, 2023; v1 submitted 31 October, 2023; originally announced October 2023.

Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, Hard Probes 2023 conference, accepted for publication in Proceedings of Science: version 2, references added, typos fixed

Exploring medium properties with hard transverse momentum splittings using groomed jet substructure measurements in Pb--Pb collisions with ALICE

Authors: Raymond Ehlers

Abstract: Jet substructure observables provide unique probes of the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). In these proceedings we report new measurements of groomed jet substructure in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. We present the first application of dynamical grooming in heavy-ion collisions to search for excess $k_{\mathrm{T,g}}$ emissions, which is a signature of larg… ▽ More Jet substructure observables provide unique probes of the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). In these proceedings we report new measurements of groomed jet substructure in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. We present the first application of dynamical grooming in heavy-ion collisions to search for excess $k_{\mathrm{T,g}}$ emissions, which is a signature of large-angle scattering of jets off quasi-particles in the QGP. We present additional measurements employing both the soft drop and dynamical grooming algorithms in 0-10% central Pb-Pb, 30-50% semicentral Pb-Pb, and proton-proton (pp) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV. Results from the various grooming methods and parameters are compared. Comparisons to model calculations are also presented. The techniques developed for this measurement are more broadly applicable to jet substructure, which we likewise discussed. △ Less

Submitted 10 October, 2023; originally announced October 2023.

Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Hard Probes 2023), Aschaffenburg (Germany), March 26-31, 2023. Submitted to PoS

A multistage framework for studying the evolution of jets and high-$p_T$ probes in small collision systems

Authors: Abhijit Majumder, Aaron Angerami, Ritu Arora, Steffen Bass, Shanshan Cao, Yi Chen, Raymond Ehlers, Hannah Elfner, Wenkai Fan, Rainer J. Fries, Charles Gale, Yayun He, Ulrich Heinz, Barbara Jacak, Peter Jacobs, Sangyong Jeon, Yi Ji, Lauren Kasper, Michael Kordell II, Amit Kumar, Joseph Latessa, Yen-Jie Lee, Roy Lemmon, Dananjaya Liyanage, Arthur Lopez , et al. (26 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Understanding the modification of jets and high-$p_T$ probes in small systems requires the integration of soft and hard physics. We present recent developments in extending the JETSCAPE framework to build an event generator, which includes correlations between soft and hard partons, to study jet observables in small systems. The multi-scale physics of the collision is separated into different stag… ▽ More Understanding the modification of jets and high-$p_T$ probes in small systems requires the integration of soft and hard physics. We present recent developments in extending the JETSCAPE framework to build an event generator, which includes correlations between soft and hard partons, to study jet observables in small systems. The multi-scale physics of the collision is separated into different stages. Hard scatterings are first sampled at binary collision positions provided by the Glauber geometry. They are then propagated backward in space-time following an initial-state shower to obtain the initiating partons' energies and momenta before the collision. These energies and momenta are then subtracted from the incoming colliding nucleons for soft-particle production, modeled by the 3D-Glauber + hydrodynamics + hadronic transport framework. This new hybrid approach (X-SCAPE) includes non-trivial correlations between jet and soft particle productions in small systems. We calibrate this framework with the final state hadrons' $p_T$-spectra from low to high $p_T$ in $p$-$p$, and and then compare with the spectra in $p$-$Pb$ collisions from the LHC. We also present results for additional observables such as the distributions of event activity as a function of the hardest jet $p_T$ in forward and mid-rapidity for both $p$-$p$ and $p$-$Pb$ collisions. △ Less

Submitted 1 November, 2023; v1 submitted 4 August, 2023; originally announced August 2023.

Comments: 6 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of Hard Probes 2023, 26-31 March 2023 Aschaffenburg, Germany

Journal ref: Proceedings of Science (Hard Probes 2023) 2023

A new metric improving Bayesian calibration of a multistage approach studying hadron and inclusive jet suppression

Authors: W. Fan, G. Vujanovic, S. A. Bass, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. Cao, Y. Chen, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, L. Kasper, M. Kordell II, A. Kumar, J. Latessa, Y. -J. Lee , et al. (30 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We study parton energy-momentum exchange with the quark gluon plasma (QGP) within a multistage approach composed of in-medium DGLAP evolution at high virtuality, and (linearized) Boltzmann Transport formalism at lower virtuality. This multistage simulation is then calibrated in comparison with high $p_T$ charged hadrons, D-mesons, and the inclusive jet nuclear modification factors, using Bayesian… ▽ More We study parton energy-momentum exchange with the quark gluon plasma (QGP) within a multistage approach composed of in-medium DGLAP evolution at high virtuality, and (linearized) Boltzmann Transport formalism at lower virtuality. This multistage simulation is then calibrated in comparison with high $p_T$ charged hadrons, D-mesons, and the inclusive jet nuclear modification factors, using Bayesian model-to-data comparison, to extract the virtuality-dependent transverse momentum broadening transport coefficient $\hat{q}$. To facilitate this undertaking, we develop a quantitative metric for validating the Bayesian workflow, which is used to analyze the sensitivity of various model parameters to individual observables. The usefulness of this new metric in improving Bayesian model emulation is shown to be highly beneficial for future such analyses. △ Less

Submitted 27 October, 2023; v1 submitted 18 July, 2023; originally announced July 2023.

Comments: 24 pages, 16 figures

Multiscale evolution of heavy flavor in the QGP

Authors: G. Vujanovic, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, L. Kasper, M. Kordell II, A. Kumar, J. Latessa, Y. -J. Lee , et al. (30 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Shower development dynamics for a jet traveling through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a multiscale process, where the heavy flavor mass is an important scale. During the high virtuality portion of the jet evolution in the QGP, emission of gluons from a heavy flavor is modified owing to heavy quark mass. Medium-induced radiation of heavy flavor is sensitive to microscopic processes (e.g. diffusio… ▽ More Shower development dynamics for a jet traveling through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a multiscale process, where the heavy flavor mass is an important scale. During the high virtuality portion of the jet evolution in the QGP, emission of gluons from a heavy flavor is modified owing to heavy quark mass. Medium-induced radiation of heavy flavor is sensitive to microscopic processes (e.g. diffusion), whose virtuality dependence is phenomenologically explored in this study. In the lower virtuality part of shower evolution, i.e. when the mass is comparable to the virtuality of the parton, scattering and radiation processes of heavy quarks differ from light quarks. The effects of these mechanisms on shower development in heavy flavor tagged showers in the QGP is explored here. Furthermore, this multiscale study examines dynamical pair production of heavy flavor (via virtual gluon splittings) and their subsequent evolution in the QGP, which is not possible otherwise. A realistic event-by-event simulation is performed using the JETSCAPE framework. Energy-momentum exchange with the medium proceeds using a weak coupling recoil approach. Using leading hadron and open heavy flavor observables, differences in heavy versus light quark energy-loss mechanisms are explored, while the importance of heavy flavor pair production is highlighted along with future directions to study. △ Less

Submitted 27 October, 2023; v1 submitted 18 July, 2023; originally announced July 2023.

Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the Hard Probes 2023 proceedings

Effects of multi-scale jet-medium interactions on jet substructures

Authors: JETSCAPE Collaboration, Y. Tachibana, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, K. Kauder, L. Kasper, W. Ke, M. Kelsey , et al. (35 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We utilize event-by-event Monte Carlo simulations within the JETSCAPE framework to examine scale-dependent jet-medium interactions in heavy-ion collisions. The reduction in jet-medium interaction during the early high-virtuality stage, where the medium is resolved at a short distance scale, is emphasized as a key element in explaining multiple jet observables, particularly substructures, simultane… ▽ More We utilize event-by-event Monte Carlo simulations within the JETSCAPE framework to examine scale-dependent jet-medium interactions in heavy-ion collisions. The reduction in jet-medium interaction during the early high-virtuality stage, where the medium is resolved at a short distance scale, is emphasized as a key element in explaining multiple jet observables, particularly substructures, simultaneously. By employing the MATTER+LBT setup, which incorporates this explicit reduction of medium effects at high virtuality, we investigate jet substructure observables, such as Soft Drop groomed observables. When contrasted with existing data, our findings spotlight the significant influence of the reduction at the early high-virtuality stages. Furthermore, we study the substructure of gamma-tagged jets, providing predictive insights for future experimental analyses. This broadens our understanding of the various contributing factors involved in modifying jet substructures. △ Less

Submitted 16 July, 2023; originally announced July 2023.

Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the Hard Probes 2023 proceedings

Predictions for the sPHENIX physics program

Authors: Ron Belmont, Jasmine Brewer, Quinn Brodsky, Paul Caucal, Megan Connors, Magdalena Djordjevic, Raymond Ehlers, Miguel A. Escobedo, Elena G. Ferreiro, Giuliano Giacalone, Yoshitaka Hatta, Jack Holguin, Weiyao Ke, Zhong-Bo Kang, Amit Kumar, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, Yacine Mehtar-Tani, Genki Nukazuka, Daniel Pablos, Dennis V. Perepelitsa, Krishna Rajagopal, Anne M. Sickles, Michael Strickland, Konrad Tywoniuk, Ivan Vitev , et al. (3 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: sPHENIX is a next-generation detector experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, designed for a broad set of jet and heavy-flavor probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma created in heavy ion collisions. In anticipation of the commissioning and first data-taking of the detector in 2023, a RIKEN-BNL Research Center (RBRC) workshop was organized to collect theoretical input and identify compelling a… ▽ More sPHENIX is a next-generation detector experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, designed for a broad set of jet and heavy-flavor probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma created in heavy ion collisions. In anticipation of the commissioning and first data-taking of the detector in 2023, a RIKEN-BNL Research Center (RBRC) workshop was organized to collect theoretical input and identify compelling aspects of the physics program. This paper compiles theoretical predictions from the workshop participants for jet quenching, heavy flavor and quarkonia, cold QCD, and bulk physics measurements at sPHENIX. △ Less

Submitted 29 January, 2024; v1 submitted 24 May, 2023; originally announced May 2023.

Comments: 60 pages, summary paper of the "Predictions for sPHENIX" RBRC workshop held at BNL in July 2022, published version

Journal ref: Nucl. Phys. A 1043 (2024) 122821

Hot QCD White Paper

Authors: M. Arslandok, S. A. Bass, A. A. Baty, I. Bautista, C. Beattie, F. Becattini, R. Bellwied, Y. Berdnikov, A. Berdnikov, J. Bielcik, J. T. Blair, F. Bock, B. Boimska, H. Bossi, H. Caines, Y. Chen, Y. -T. Chien, M. Chiu, M. E. Connors, M. Csanád, C. L. da Silva, A. P. Dash, G. David, K. Dehmelt, V. Dexheimer , et al. (149 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Hot QCD physics studies the nuclear strong force under extreme temperature and densities. Experimentally these conditions are achieved via high-energy collisions of heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the past decade, a unique and substantial suite of data was collected at RHIC and the LHC, probing hydrodynamics at the nucleon scale, the… ▽ More Hot QCD physics studies the nuclear strong force under extreme temperature and densities. Experimentally these conditions are achieved via high-energy collisions of heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the past decade, a unique and substantial suite of data was collected at RHIC and the LHC, probing hydrodynamics at the nucleon scale, the temperature dependence of the transport properties of quark-gluon plasma, the phase diagram of nuclear matter, the interaction of quarks and gluons at different scales and much more. This document, as part of the 2023 nuclear science long range planning process, was written to review the progress in hot QCD since the 2015 Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science, as well as highlight the realization of previous recommendations, and present opportunities for the next decade, building on the accomplishments and investments made in theoretical developments and the construction of new detectors. Furthermore, this document provides additional context to support the recommendations voted on at the Joint Hot and Cold QCD Town Hall Meeting, which are reported in a separate document. △ Less

Submitted 30 March, 2023; originally announced March 2023.

Comments: 190 pages, 69 figures

The Present and Future of QCD

Authors: P. Achenbach, D. Adhikari, A. Afanasev, F. Afzal, C. A. Aidala, A. Al-bataineh, D. K. Almaalol, M. Amaryan, D. Androić, W. R. Armstrong, M. Arratia, J. Arrington, A. Asaturyan, E. C. Aschenauer, H. Atac, H. Avakian, T. Averett, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, X. Bai, K. N. Barish, N. Barnea, G. Basar, M. Battaglieri, A. A. Baty, I. Bautista , et al. (378 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This White Paper presents the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the Hot and Cold QCD Town Meeting that took place September 23-25, 2022 at MIT, as part of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) 2023 Long Range Planning process. A total of 424 physicists registered for the meeting. The meeting highlighted progress in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) nuclear physics since the 2015… ▽ More This White Paper presents the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the Hot and Cold QCD Town Meeting that took place September 23-25, 2022 at MIT, as part of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) 2023 Long Range Planning process. A total of 424 physicists registered for the meeting. The meeting highlighted progress in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) nuclear physics since the 2015 LRP (LRP15) and identified key questions and plausible paths to obtaining answers to those questions, defining priorities for our research over the coming decade. In defining the priority of outstanding physics opportunities for the future, both prospects for the short (~ 5 years) and longer term (5-10 years and beyond) are identified together with the facilities, personnel and other resources needed to maximize the discovery potential and maintain United States leadership in QCD physics worldwide. This White Paper is organized as follows: In the Executive Summary, we detail the Recommendations and Initiatives that were presented and discussed at the Town Meeting, and their supporting rationales. Section 2 highlights major progress and accomplishments of the past seven years. It is followed, in Section 3, by an overview of the physics opportunities for the immediate future, and in relation with the next QCD frontier: the EIC. Section 4 provides an overview of the physics motivations and goals associated with the EIC. Section 5 is devoted to the workforce development and support of diversity, equity and inclusion. This is followed by a dedicated section on computing in Section 6. Section 7 describes the national need for nuclear data science and the relevance to QCD research. △ Less

Submitted 4 March, 2023; originally announced March 2023.

Comments: QCD Town Meeting White Paper, as submitted to 2023 NSAC LRP committee on Feb. 28, 2023

Journal ref: Nucl.Phys.A 1047 (2024) 122874

Hard jet substructure in a multistage approach

Authors: Y. Tachibana, A. Kumar, A. Majumder, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, K. Kauder, L. Kasper, W. Ke , et al. (34 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present predictions and postdictions for a wide variety of hard jet-substructure observables using a multistage model within the JETSCAPE framework. The details of the multistage model and the various parameter choices are described in [A. Kumar et al., arXiv:2204.01163]. A novel feature of this model is the presence of two stages of jet modification: a high virtuality phase [modeled using the… ▽ More We present predictions and postdictions for a wide variety of hard jet-substructure observables using a multistage model within the JETSCAPE framework. The details of the multistage model and the various parameter choices are described in [A. Kumar et al., arXiv:2204.01163]. A novel feature of this model is the presence of two stages of jet modification: a high virtuality phase [modeled using the modular all twist transverse-scattering elastic-drag and radiation model (MATTER)], where modified coherence effects diminish medium-induced radiation, and a lower virtuality phase [modeled using the linear Boltzmann transport model (LBT)], where parton splits are fully resolved by the medium as they endure multiple scattering induced energy loss. Energy-loss calculations are carried out on event-by-event viscous fluid dynamic backgrounds constrained by experimental data. The uniform and consistent descriptions of multiple experimental observables demonstrate the essential role of modified coherence effects and the multistage modeling of jet evolution. Using the best choice of parameters from [A. Kumar et al., arXiv:2204.01163], and with no further tuning, we present calculations for the medium modified jet fragmentation function, the groomed jet momentum fraction $z_g$ and angular separation $r_g$ distributions, as well as the nuclear modification factor of groomed jets. These calculations provide accurate descriptions of published data from experiments at the Large Hadron Collider. Furthermore, we provide predictions from the multistage model for future measurements at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. △ Less

Submitted 16 October, 2024; v1 submitted 6 January, 2023; originally announced January 2023.

Comments: 20 pages, 12 figures

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. C 110, 044907 (2024)

Hot and Cold QCD White Paper from ALICE-USA: Input for 2023 U.S. Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science

Authors: N. Alizadehvandchali, N. Apadula, M. Arslandok, C. Beattie, R. Bellwied, J. T. Blair, F. Bock, H. Bossi, A. Bylinkin, H. Caines, I. Chakaberia, M. Cherney, T. M. Cormier, R. Cruz-Torres, P. Dhankher, D. U. Dixit, R. J. Ehlers, W. Fan, M. Fasel, F. Flor, A. N. Flores, D. R. Gangadharan, E. Garcia-Solis, A. Gautam, E. Glimos , et al. (58 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The ALICE-USA collaboration presents its plans for the 2023 U.S. Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science. The ALICE-USA collaboration presents its plans for the 2023 U.S. Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science. △ Less

Submitted 1 December, 2022; originally announced December 2022.

Comments: 26 pages. 1 figure

Exploring jet interactions in the quark-gluon plasma using jet substructure measurements in Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE

Authors: Raymond Ehlers

Abstract: Jets are generated in hard interactions in high-energy nuclear collisions. Jets propagate through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) as the jet shower evolves; their interaction with the QGP, known as jet quenching, generates observable phenomena that provide incisive probes of the structure and dynamics of the QGP. For instance, medium-induced modification of jet substructure probes color coherence, an… ▽ More Jets are generated in hard interactions in high-energy nuclear collisions. Jets propagate through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) as the jet shower evolves; their interaction with the QGP, known as jet quenching, generates observable phenomena that provide incisive probes of the structure and dynamics of the QGP. For instance, medium-induced modification of jet substructure probes color coherence, and may be sensitive to differences in quark and gluon energy loss due to their different Casimir factors. Jet grooming can be used to focus on specific regions of phase space, isolating medium-induced effects on hard splittings in the jet shower. ALICE is well suited for such substructure measurements due to its precise charged-particle tracking, which enables high-efficiency measurements of narrow splittings in jets down to low transverse momentum. In these proceedings several recent jet substructure measurements in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV are reported, for both ungroomed jets and jets that have been groomed using the Soft Drop and Dynamical Grooming algorithms. Measurements of the groomed jet radius, $θ_g \equiv R_g/R$; the groomed jet momentum fraction, $z_g$; and the groomed relative transverse momentum, $k_{\mathrm{T,g}}$ are reported. These measurements show direct evidence of modification of the angular structure of jets in the QGP, and provide new constraints on the search for large-angle scattering of jets off of quasi-particles by interaction with the QGP. New measurements of sub-jet fragmentation, generalized jet angularities, and jet-axis differences, which provide insight into the angular and momentum structure of modified jets are also presented. Comparisons to model calculations are discussed. △ Less

Submitted 21 November, 2022; originally announced November 2022.

Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP 2022), Bologna, Italy, 6-13 July, 2022

Detector Requirements and Simulation Results for the EIC Exclusive, Diffractive and Tagging Physics Program using the ECCE Detector Concept

Authors: A. Bylinkin, C. T. Dean, S. Fegan, D. Gangadharan, K. Gates, S. J. D. Kay, I. Korover, W. B. Li, X. Li, R. Montgomery, D. Nguyen, G. Penman, J. R. Pybus, N. Santiesteban, R. Trotta, A. Usman, M. D. Baker, J. Frantz, D. I. Glazier, D. W. Higinbotham, T. Horn, J. Huang, G. Huber, R. Reed, J. Roche , et al. (258 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This article presents a collection of simulation studies using the ECCE detector concept in the context of the EIC's exclusive, diffractive, and tagging physics program, which aims to further explore the rich quark-gluon structure of nucleons and nuclei. To successfully execute the program, ECCE proposed to utilize the detecter system close to the beamline to ensure exclusivity and tag ion beam/fr… ▽ More This article presents a collection of simulation studies using the ECCE detector concept in the context of the EIC's exclusive, diffractive, and tagging physics program, which aims to further explore the rich quark-gluon structure of nucleons and nuclei. To successfully execute the program, ECCE proposed to utilize the detecter system close to the beamline to ensure exclusivity and tag ion beam/fragments for a particular reaction of interest. Preliminary studies confirmed the proposed technology and design satisfy the requirements. The projected physics impact results are based on the projected detector performance from the simulation at 10 or 100 fb^-1 of integrated luminosity. Additionally, a few insights on the potential 2nd Interaction Region can (IR) were also documented which could serve as a guidepost for the future development of a second EIC detector. △ Less

Submitted 6 March, 2023; v1 submitted 30 August, 2022; originally announced August 2022.

Bayesian analysis of QGP jet transport using multi-scale modeling applied to inclusive hadron and reconstructed jet data

Authors: R. Ehlers, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, L. Du, T. Dai, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, L. Kasper, W. Ke, M. Kelsey, M. Kordell II, A. Kumar, J. Latessa , et al. (33 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The JETSCAPE Collaboration reports a new determination of jet transport coefficients in the Quark-Gluon Plasma, using both reconstructed jet and hadron data measured at RHIC and the LHC. The JETSCAPE framework incorporates detailed modeling of the dynamical evolution of the QGP; a multi-stage theoretical approach to in-medium jet evolution and medium response; and Bayesian inference for quantitati… ▽ More The JETSCAPE Collaboration reports a new determination of jet transport coefficients in the Quark-Gluon Plasma, using both reconstructed jet and hadron data measured at RHIC and the LHC. The JETSCAPE framework incorporates detailed modeling of the dynamical evolution of the QGP; a multi-stage theoretical approach to in-medium jet evolution and medium response; and Bayesian inference for quantitative comparison of model calculations and data. The multi-stage framework incorporates multiple models to cover a broad range in scale of the in-medium parton shower evolution, with dynamical choice of model that depends on the current virtuality or energy of the parton. We will discuss the physics of the multi-stage modeling, and then present a new Bayesian analysis incorporating it. This analysis extends the recently published JETSCAPE determination of the jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ that was based solely on inclusive hadron suppression data, by incorporating reconstructed jet measurements of quenching. We explore the functional dependence of jet transport coefficients on QGP temperature and jet energy and virtuality, and report the consistency and tensions found for current jet quenching modeling with hadron and reconstructed jet data over a wide range in kinematics and $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}$. This analysis represents the next step in the program of comprehensive analysis of jet quenching phenomenology and its constraint of properties of the QGP. △ Less

Submitted 16 August, 2022; originally announced August 2022.

Comments: 6 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter 2022 proceedings

Multi-scale evolution of charmed particles in a nuclear medium

Authors: JETSCAPE collaboration, W. Fan, G. Vujanovic, S. A. Bass, A. Majumder, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. Cao, Y. Chen, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, Y. Ji, K. Kauder, L. Kasper, W. Ke , et al. (35 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Parton energy-momentum exchange with the quark gluon plasma (QGP) is a multi-scale problem. In this work, we calculate the interaction of charm quarks with the QGP within the higher twist formalism at high virtuality and high energy using the MATTER model, while the low virtuality and high energy portion is treated via a (linearized) Boltzmann Transport (LBT) formalism. Coherence effect that reduc… ▽ More Parton energy-momentum exchange with the quark gluon plasma (QGP) is a multi-scale problem. In this work, we calculate the interaction of charm quarks with the QGP within the higher twist formalism at high virtuality and high energy using the MATTER model, while the low virtuality and high energy portion is treated via a (linearized) Boltzmann Transport (LBT) formalism. Coherence effect that reduces the medium-induced emission rate in the MATTER model is also taken into account. The interplay between these two formalisms is studied in detail and used to produce a good description of the D-meson and charged hadron nuclear modification factor RAA across multiple centralities. All calculations were carried out utilizing the JETSCAPE framework. △ Less

Submitted 13 May, 2023; v1 submitted 1 August, 2022; originally announced August 2022.

Journal ref: 107(5), 2023, 054901

Open Heavy Flavor Studies for the ECCE Detector at the Electron Ion Collider

Authors: X. Li, J. K. Adkins, Y. Akiba, A. Albataineh, M. Amaryan, I. C. Arsene, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bae, X. Bai, M. D. Baker, M. Bashkanov, R. Bellwied, F. Benmokhtar, V. Berdnikov, J. C. Bernauer, F. Bock, W. Boeglin, M. Borysova, E. Brash, P. Brindza, W. J. Briscoe, M. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, M. H. S. Bukhari, A. Bylinkin , et al. (262 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The ECCE detector has been recommended as the selected reference detector for the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). A series of simulation studies have been carried out to validate the physics feasibility of the ECCE detector. In this paper, detailed studies of heavy flavor hadron and jet reconstruction and physics projections with the ECCE detector performance and different magnet options will… ▽ More The ECCE detector has been recommended as the selected reference detector for the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). A series of simulation studies have been carried out to validate the physics feasibility of the ECCE detector. In this paper, detailed studies of heavy flavor hadron and jet reconstruction and physics projections with the ECCE detector performance and different magnet options will be presented. The ECCE detector has enabled precise EIC heavy flavor hadron and jet measurements with a broad kinematic coverage. These proposed heavy flavor measurements will help systematically study the hadronization process in vacuum and nuclear medium especially in the underexplored kinematic region. △ Less

Submitted 23 July, 2022; v1 submitted 21 July, 2022; originally announced July 2022.

Comments: Open heavy flavor studies with the EIC reference detector design by the ECCE consortium. 11 pages, 11 figures, to be submitted to the Nuclear Instruments and Methods A

Report number: LANL report number: LA-UR-22-27181

Exclusive J/$ψ$ Detection and Physics with ECCE

Authors: X. Li, J. K. Adkins, Y. Akiba, A. Albataineh, M. Amaryan, I. C. Arsene, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bae, X. Bai, M. D. Baker, M. Bashkanov, R. Bellwied, F. Benmokhtar, V. Berdnikov, J. C. Bernauer, F. Bock, W. Boeglin, M. Borysova, E. Brash, P. Brindza, W. J. Briscoe, M. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, M. H. S. Bukhari, A. Bylinkin , et al. (262 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Exclusive heavy quarkonium photoproduction is one of the most popular processes in EIC, which has a large cross section and a simple final state. Due to the gluonic nature of the exchange Pomeron, this process can be related to the gluon distributions in the nucleus. The momentum transfer dependence of this process is sensitive to the interaction sites, which provides a powerful tool to probe the… ▽ More Exclusive heavy quarkonium photoproduction is one of the most popular processes in EIC, which has a large cross section and a simple final state. Due to the gluonic nature of the exchange Pomeron, this process can be related to the gluon distributions in the nucleus. The momentum transfer dependence of this process is sensitive to the interaction sites, which provides a powerful tool to probe the spatial distribution of gluons in the nucleus. Recently the problem of the origin of hadron mass has received lots of attention in determining the anomaly contribution $M_{a}$. The trace anomaly is sensitive to the gluon condensate, and exclusive production of quarkonia such as J/$ψ$ and $Υ$ can serve as a sensitive probe to constrain it. In this paper, we present the performance of the ECCE detector for exclusive J/$ψ$ detection and the capability of this process to investigate the above physics opportunities with ECCE. △ Less

Submitted 21 July, 2022; originally announced July 2022.

Comments: 11 pages, 14 figures, 1 table

Design and Simulated Performance of Calorimetry Systems for the ECCE Detector at the Electron Ion Collider

Authors: F. Bock, N. Schmidt, P. K. Wang, N. Santiesteban, T. Horn, J. Huang, J. Lajoie, C. Munoz Camacho, J. K. Adkins, Y. Akiba, A. Albataineh, M. Amaryan, I. C. Arsene, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bae, X. Bai, M. D. Baker, M. Bashkanov, R. Bellwied, F. Benmokhtar, V. Berdnikov, J. C. Bernauer, W. Boeglin, M. Borysova, E. Brash , et al. (263 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We describe the design and performance the calorimeter systems used in the ECCE detector design to achieve the overall performance specifications cost-effectively with careful consideration of appropriate technical and schedule risks. The calorimeter systems consist of three electromagnetic calorimeters, covering the combined pseudorapdity range from -3.7 to 3.8 and two hadronic calorimeters. Key… ▽ More We describe the design and performance the calorimeter systems used in the ECCE detector design to achieve the overall performance specifications cost-effectively with careful consideration of appropriate technical and schedule risks. The calorimeter systems consist of three electromagnetic calorimeters, covering the combined pseudorapdity range from -3.7 to 3.8 and two hadronic calorimeters. Key calorimeter performances which include energy and position resolutions, reconstruction efficiency, and particle identification will be presented. △ Less

Submitted 19 July, 2022; originally announced July 2022.

Comments: 19 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables

AI-assisted Optimization of the ECCE Tracking System at the Electron Ion Collider

Authors: C. Fanelli, Z. Papandreou, K. Suresh, J. K. Adkins, Y. Akiba, A. Albataineh, M. Amaryan, I. C. Arsene, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bae, X. Bai, M. D. Baker, M. Bashkanov, R. Bellwied, F. Benmokhtar, V. Berdnikov, J. C. Bernauer, F. Bock, W. Boeglin, M. Borysova, E. Brash, P. Brindza, W. J. Briscoe, M. Brooks, S. Bueltmann , et al. (258 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a cutting-edge accelerator facility that will study the nature of the "glue" that binds the building blocks of the visible matter in the universe. The proposed experiment will be realized at Brookhaven National Laboratory in approximately 10 years from now, with detector design and R&D currently ongoing. Notably, EIC is one of the first large-scale facilities to… ▽ More The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a cutting-edge accelerator facility that will study the nature of the "glue" that binds the building blocks of the visible matter in the universe. The proposed experiment will be realized at Brookhaven National Laboratory in approximately 10 years from now, with detector design and R&D currently ongoing. Notably, EIC is one of the first large-scale facilities to leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI) already starting from the design and R&D phases. The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) is a consortium that proposed a detector design based on a 1.5T solenoid. The EIC detector proposal review concluded that the ECCE design will serve as the reference design for an EIC detector. Herein we describe a comprehensive optimization of the ECCE tracker using AI. The work required a complex parametrization of the simulated detector system. Our approach dealt with an optimization problem in a multidimensional design space driven by multiple objectives that encode the detector performance, while satisfying several mechanical constraints. We describe our strategy and show results obtained for the ECCE tracking system. The AI-assisted design is agnostic to the simulation framework and can be extended to other sub-detectors or to a system of sub-detectors to further optimize the performance of the EIC detector. △ Less

Submitted 19 May, 2022; v1 submitted 18 May, 2022; originally announced May 2022.

Comments: 16 pages, 18 figures, 2 appendices, 3 tables

Scientific Computing Plan for the ECCE Detector at the Electron Ion Collider

Authors: J. C. Bernauer, C. T. Dean, C. Fanelli, J. Huang, K. Kauder, D. Lawrence, J. D. Osborn, C. Paus, J. K. Adkins, Y. Akiba, A. Albataineh, M. Amaryan, I. C. Arsene, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bae, X. Bai, M. D. Baker, M. Bashkanov, R. Bellwied, F. Benmokhtar, V. Berdnikov, F. Bock, W. Boeglin, M. Borysova, E. Brash , et al. (256 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is the next generation of precision QCD facility to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory in conjunction with Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory. There are a significant number of software and computing challenges that need to be overcome at the EIC. During the EIC detector proposal development period, the ECCE consortium began identifying and addressing thes… ▽ More The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is the next generation of precision QCD facility to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory in conjunction with Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory. There are a significant number of software and computing challenges that need to be overcome at the EIC. During the EIC detector proposal development period, the ECCE consortium began identifying and addressing these challenges in the process of producing a complete detector proposal based upon detailed detector and physics simulations. In this document, the software and computing efforts to produce this proposal are discussed; furthermore, the computing and software model and resources required for the future of ECCE are described. △ Less

Submitted 17 May, 2022; originally announced May 2022.

Journal ref: NIMA 1047, 167859 (2023)

Determining the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ of the quark-gluon plasma using Bayesian parameter estimation

Authors: J. Mulligan, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, J. Coleman, L. Cunqueiro, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, D. Everett, W. Fan, R. Fries, C. Gale, F. Garza, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, W. Ke, B. Kim , et al. (24 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a new determination of $\hat{q}$, the jet transport coefficient of the quark-gluon plasma. Using the JETSCAPE framework, we use Bayesian parameter estimation to constrain the dependence of $\hat{q}$ on the jet energy, virtuality, and medium temperature from experimental measurements of inclusive hadron suppression in Au-Au collisions at RHIC and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. These result… ▽ More We present a new determination of $\hat{q}$, the jet transport coefficient of the quark-gluon plasma. Using the JETSCAPE framework, we use Bayesian parameter estimation to constrain the dependence of $\hat{q}$ on the jet energy, virtuality, and medium temperature from experimental measurements of inclusive hadron suppression in Au-Au collisions at RHIC and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. These results are based on a multi-stage theoretical approach to in-medium jet evolution with the MATTER and LBT jet quenching models. The functional dependence of $\hat{q}$ on jet energy, virtuality, and medium temperature is based on a perturbative picture of in-medium scattering, with components reflecting the different regimes of applicability of MATTER and LBT. The correlation of experimental systematic uncertainties is accounted for in the parameter extraction. These results provide state-of-the-art constraints on $\hat{q}$ and lay the groundwork to extract additional properties of the quark-gluon plasma from jet measurements in heavy-ion collisions. △ Less

Submitted 21 June, 2021; originally announced June 2021.

Comments: contribution to the 2021 QCD session of the 55th Recontres de Moriond

Determining the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ from inclusive hadron suppression measurements using Bayesian parameter estimation

Authors: S. Cao, Y. Chen, J. Coleman, J. Mulligan, P. M. Jacobs, R. A. Soltz, A. Angerami, R. Arora, S. A. Bass, L. Cunqueiro, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, D. Everett, W. Fan, R. J. Fries, C. Gale, F. Garza, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, S. Jeon, W. Ke , et al. (22 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report a new determination of $\hat{q}$, the jet transport coefficient of the Quark-Gluon Plasma. We use the JETSCAPE framework, which incorporates a novel multi-stage theoretical approach to in-medium jet evolution and Bayesian inference for parameter extraction. The calculations, based on the MATTER and LBT jet quenching models, are compared to experimental measurements of inclusive hadron su… ▽ More We report a new determination of $\hat{q}$, the jet transport coefficient of the Quark-Gluon Plasma. We use the JETSCAPE framework, which incorporates a novel multi-stage theoretical approach to in-medium jet evolution and Bayesian inference for parameter extraction. The calculations, based on the MATTER and LBT jet quenching models, are compared to experimental measurements of inclusive hadron suppression in Au+Au collisions at RHIC and Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. The correlation of experimental systematic uncertainties is accounted for in the parameter extraction. The functional dependence of $\hat{q}$ on jet energy or virtuality and medium temperature is based on a perturbative picture of in-medium scattering, with components reflecting the different regimes of applicability of MATTER and LBT. In the multi-stage approach, the switch between MATTER and LBT is governed by a virtuality scale $Q_0$. Comparison of the posterior model predictions to the RHIC and LHC hadron suppression data shows reasonable agreement, with moderate tension in limited regions of phase space. The distribution of $\hat{q}/T^3$ extracted from the posterior distributions exhibits weak dependence on jet momentum and medium temperature $T$, with 90\% Credible Region (CR) depending on the specific choice of model configuration. The choice of MATTER+LBT, with switching at virtuality $Q_0$, has 90\% CR of $2<\hat{q}/T^3<4$ for $p_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{jet}>40$ GeV/c. The value of $Q_0$, determined here for the first time, is in the range 2.0-2.7 GeV. △ Less

Submitted 28 July, 2021; v1 submitted 22 February, 2021; originally announced February 2021.

Comments: Published in Phys Rev C

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. C 104, 024905 (2021)

Multi-system Bayesian constraints on the transport coefficients of QCD matter

Authors: D. Everett, W. Ke, J. -F. Paquet, G. Vujanovic, S. A. Bass, L. Du, C. Gale, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, D. Liyanage, M. Luzum, A. Majumder, M. McNelis, C. Shen, Y. Xu, A. Angerami, S. Cao, Y. Chen, J. Coleman, L. Cunqueiro, T. Dai, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries , et al. (23 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We study the properties of the strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma with a multistage model of heavy ion collisions that combines the T$_\mathrm{R}$ENTo initial condition ansatz, free-streaming, viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, and a relativistic hadronic transport. A model-to-data comparison with Bayesian inference is performed, revisiting assumptions made in previous studies. The role of param… ▽ More We study the properties of the strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma with a multistage model of heavy ion collisions that combines the T$_\mathrm{R}$ENTo initial condition ansatz, free-streaming, viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, and a relativistic hadronic transport. A model-to-data comparison with Bayesian inference is performed, revisiting assumptions made in previous studies. The role of parameter priors is studied in light of their importance towards the interpretation of results. We emphasize the use of closure tests to perform extensive validation of the analysis workflow before comparison with observations. Our study combines measurements from the Large Hadron Collider and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, achieving a good simultaneous description of a wide range of hadronic observables from both colliders. The selected experimental data provide reasonable constraints on the shear and the bulk viscosities of the quark-gluon plasma at $T\sim$ 150-250 MeV, but their constraining power degrades at higher temperatures $T \gtrsim 250$ MeV. Furthermore, these viscosity constraints are found to depend significantly on how viscous corrections are handled in the transition from hydrodynamics to the hadronic transport. Several other model parameters, including the free-streaming time, show similar model sensitivity while the initial condition parameters associated with the T$_\mathrm{R}$ENTo ansatz are quite robust against variations of the particlization prescription. We also report on the sensitivity of individual observables to the various model parameters. Finally, Bayesian model selection is used to quantitatively compare the agreement with measurements for different sets of model assumptions, including different particlization models and different choices for which parameters are allowed to vary between RHIC and LHC energies. △ Less

Submitted 6 November, 2020; v1 submitted 2 November, 2020; originally announced November 2020.

Comments: 51 pages, including 35 figures and 8 appendices, long companion paper to arXiv:2010.03928. A useful visualization tool to see the effect of varying individual model parameters on physical observables can be found at jetscape.org/sims-widget. Some references and discussion added. This version submitted for publication

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. C 103, 054904 (2021)

Phenomenological constraints on the transport properties of QCD matter with data-driven model averaging

Authors: D. Everett, W. Ke, J. -F. Paquet, G. Vujanovic, S. A. Bass, L. Du, C. Gale, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, D. Liyanage, M. Luzum, A. Majumder, M. McNelis, C. Shen, Y. Xu, A. Angerami, S. Cao, Y. Chen, J. Coleman, L. Cunqueiro, T. Dai, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, W. Fan, R. J. Fries , et al. (23 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Using combined data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion and Large Hadron Colliders, we constrain the shear and bulk viscosities of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at temperatures of ${\sim\,}150{-}350$ MeV. We use Bayesian inference to translate experimental and theoretical uncertainties into probabilistic constraints for the viscosities. With Bayesian Model Averaging we account for the irreducible model amb… ▽ More Using combined data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion and Large Hadron Colliders, we constrain the shear and bulk viscosities of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at temperatures of ${\sim\,}150{-}350$ MeV. We use Bayesian inference to translate experimental and theoretical uncertainties into probabilistic constraints for the viscosities. With Bayesian Model Averaging we account for the irreducible model ambiguities in the transition from a fluid description of the QGP to hadronic transport in the final evolution stage, providing the most reliable phenomenological constraints to date on the QGP viscosities. △ Less

Submitted 8 October, 2020; originally announced October 2020.

Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 242301 (2021)

Investigating Hard Splittings via Jet Substructure in pp and Pb-Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV with ALICE

Authors: Raymond Ehlers, for the ALICE Collaboration

Abstract: Jets lose energy as they propagate through the Quark-Gluon Plasma, modifying their parton shower. Jet substructure, which provides access to the evolution of jet splittings, is expected to be sensitive to interactions between the medium and the jet, providing the opportunity to further constrain both jet and medium properties. By utilizing grooming techniques, we can focus on the most pertinent ha… ▽ More Jets lose energy as they propagate through the Quark-Gluon Plasma, modifying their parton shower. Jet substructure, which provides access to the evolution of jet splittings, is expected to be sensitive to interactions between the medium and the jet, providing the opportunity to further constrain both jet and medium properties. By utilizing grooming techniques, we can focus on the most pertinent hard splittings. Of particular interest is the search for large transverse momentum kicks which may indicate the presence of point-like scatters within the Quark-Gluon Plasma. We explore the jet substructure of inclusive jets in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV, utilizing Soft Drop and other grooming methods, as well as the Lund Plane, in order to access the hardest jet splitting, with a particular focus on the hardest $k_{\mathrm{T}}$ splitting. △ Less

Submitted 25 September, 2020; originally announced September 2020.

Comments: 4 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions, June 2020

Hydrodynamic response to jets with a source based on causal diffusion

Authors: Y. Tachibana, A. Angerami, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, J. Coleman, L. Cunqueiro, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, D. Everett, W. Fan, R. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, K. Kauder, W. Ke, E. Khalaj, M. Kordell II , et al. (25 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We study the medium response to jet evolution in the quark-gluon plasma within the JETSCAPE framework. Recoil partons' medium response in the weakly coupled description is implemented in the multi-stage jet energy-loss model in the framework. As a further extension, the hydrodynamic description is rearranged to include in-medium jet transport based on a strong-coupling picture. To interface hydrod… ▽ More We study the medium response to jet evolution in the quark-gluon plasma within the JETSCAPE framework. Recoil partons' medium response in the weakly coupled description is implemented in the multi-stage jet energy-loss model in the framework. As a further extension, the hydrodynamic description is rearranged to include in-medium jet transport based on a strong-coupling picture. To interface hydrodynamics with jet energy-loss models, the hydrodynamic source term is modeled by a causal formulation employing the relativistic diffusion equation. The jet shape and fragmentation function are studied via realistic simulations with weakly coupled recoils. We also demonstrate modifications in the medium caused by the hydrodynamic response. △ Less

Submitted 27 February, 2020; originally announced February 2020.

Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter 2019 proceedings

Jet quenching in a multi-stage Monte Carlo approach

Authors: A. Kumar, A. Angerami, S. A. Bass, S. Cao, Y. Chen, J. Coleman, L. Cunqueiro, T. Dai, L. Du, R. Ehlers, H. Elfner, D. Everett, W. Fan, R. Fries, C. Gale, Y. He, M. Heffernan, U. Heinz, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, S. Jeon, K. Kauder, W. Ke, E. Khalaj, M. Kordell II , et al. (25 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a jet quenching model within a unified multi-stage framework and demonstrate for the first time a simultaneous description of leading hadrons, inclusive jets, and elliptic flow observables which spans multiple centralities and collision energies. This highlights one of the major successes of the JETSCAPE framework in providing a tool for setting up an effective parton evolution that inc… ▽ More We present a jet quenching model within a unified multi-stage framework and demonstrate for the first time a simultaneous description of leading hadrons, inclusive jets, and elliptic flow observables which spans multiple centralities and collision energies. This highlights one of the major successes of the JETSCAPE framework in providing a tool for setting up an effective parton evolution that includes a high-virtuality radiation dominated energy loss phase (MATTER), followed by a low-virtuality scattering dominated (LBT) energy loss phase. Measurements of jet and charged-hadron $R_{AA}$ set strong constraints on the jet quenching model. Jet-medium response is also included through a weakly-coupled transport description. △ Less

Submitted 17 February, 2020; originally announced February 2020.

Comments: 4 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter 2019 proceedings

ALICE Overwatch: Online monitoring and data quality assurance using HLT data

Authors: R. J. Ehlers, J. D. Mulligan

Abstract: ALICE Overwatch is a project started in late 2015 to provide augmented online monitoring and data quality assurance utilizing time-stamped QA histograms produced by the ALICE High Level Trigger. The system receives the data via ZeroMQ, stores it for later review, enriches it with detector specific functionality, and visualizes it via a web application. These provided capabilities are complementary… ▽ More ALICE Overwatch is a project started in late 2015 to provide augmented online monitoring and data quality assurance utilizing time-stamped QA histograms produced by the ALICE High Level Trigger. The system receives the data via ZeroMQ, stores it for later review, enriches it with detector specific functionality, and visualizes it via a web application. These provided capabilities are complementary to the existing Data Quality Monitoring system. In addition to basic visualization, additional processing options are accessible to the user, including requests for data within a particular time range or reprocessing of a particular run with different processing parameters. For example, the first ten minutes of a particular run could be investigated for a transient hot trigger channel. Due to similarities between the Overwatch architecture and that which will be used for Quality Control (QC) in LHC Run 3 and beyond, Overwatch will also be utilized to develop and test various QC components during LHC Run 2. Some of the areas of QC development include a new trending and alarm framework. We report on the project's design, development, and status. △ Less

Submitted 29 November, 2018; originally announced December 2018.

Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2018), 9-13 July 2018

Combination of two Gas Electron Multipliers and a Micromegas as gain elements for a time projection chamber

Authors: S. Aiola, R. J. Ehlers, S. Gu, J. W. Harris, R. Majka, J. D. Mulligan, M. Oliver, J. Schambach, N. Smirnov

Abstract: We measured the properties of a novel combination of two Gas Electron Multipliers with a Micromegas for use as amplification devices in high-rate gaseous time projection chambers. The goal of this design is to minimize the buildup of space charge in the drift volume of such detectors in order to eliminate the standard gating grid and its resultant dead time, while preserving good tracking and part… ▽ More We measured the properties of a novel combination of two Gas Electron Multipliers with a Micromegas for use as amplification devices in high-rate gaseous time projection chambers. The goal of this design is to minimize the buildup of space charge in the drift volume of such detectors in order to eliminate the standard gating grid and its resultant dead time, while preserving good tracking and particle identification performance. We measured the positive ion back-flow and energy resolution at various element gains and electric fields, using a variety of gases, and additionally studied crosstalk effects and discharge rates. At a gain of 2000, this configuration achieves an ion back-flow below 0.4% and an energy resolution better than $σ/\text{E}=12\%$ for $^{55}$Fe X-rays. △ Less

Submitted 28 March, 2016; originally announced March 2016.

Comments: 22 Pages, 9 Figures. Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods