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The JSNS^2 Detector
Authors:
S. Ajimura,
M. Botran,
J. H. Choi,
J. W. Choi,
M. K. Cheoun,
T. Dodo,
H. Furuta,
J. Goh,
K. Haga,
M. Harada,
S. Hasegawa,
Y. Hino,
T. Hiraiwa,
H. I. Jang,
J. S. Jang,
M. C. Jang,
H. Jeon,
S. Jeon,
K. K. Joo,
J. R. Jordan,
D. E. Jung,
S. K. Kang,
Y. Kasugai,
T. Kawasaki,
E. J. Kim
, et al. (41 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The JSNS^2 (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for oscillations involving a sterile neutrino in the eV^2 mass-splitting range. The experiment will search for the appearance of electron antineutrinos oscillated from muon antineutrinos. The electron antineutrinos are detected via the inverse beta decay process using a liquid scintillator det…
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The JSNS^2 (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for oscillations involving a sterile neutrino in the eV^2 mass-splitting range. The experiment will search for the appearance of electron antineutrinos oscillated from muon antineutrinos. The electron antineutrinos are detected via the inverse beta decay process using a liquid scintillator detector. A 1MW beam of 3 GeV protons incident on a spallation neutron target produces an intense and pulsed neutrino source from pion, muon, and kaon decay at rest. The JSNS^2 detector is located 24 m away from the neutrino source and began operation from June 2020. The detector contains 17 tonnes of gadolinium (Gd) loaded liquid scintillator (LS) in an acrylic vessel, as a neutrino target. It is surrounded by 31 tonnes of unloaded LS in a stainless steel tank. Optical photons produced in LS are viewed by 120 R7081 Hamamatsu 10-inch Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). In this paper, we describe the JSNS^2 detector design, construction, and operation.
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Submitted 24 August, 2021; v1 submitted 27 April, 2021;
originally announced April 2021.
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The JSNS$^{2}$ data acquisition system
Authors:
J. S. Park,
S. Ajimura,
M. Botran,
M. K. Cheoun,
J. H. Choi,
T. Dodo,
H. Furuta,
P. Gwak,
M. Harada,
S. Hasegawa,
Y. Hino,
T. Hiraiwa,
H. I. Jang,
J. S. Jang,
M. Jang,
H. Jeon,
S. Jeon,
K. K. Joo,
J. R. Jordan,
D. E. Jung,
S. K. Kang,
Y. Kasugai,
T. Kawasaki,
E. J. Kim,
J. Y. Kim
, et al. (36 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for neutrino oscillations over a 24 m short baseline at J-PARC. The JSNS$^{2}$ inner detector is filled with 17 tons of gadolinium(Gd)-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) with an additional 31 tons of unloaded LS in the intermediate $γ$-catcher and an optically separated outer veto volumes. A…
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The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for neutrino oscillations over a 24 m short baseline at J-PARC. The JSNS$^{2}$ inner detector is filled with 17 tons of gadolinium(Gd)-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) with an additional 31 tons of unloaded LS in the intermediate $γ$-catcher and an optically separated outer veto volumes. A total of 120 10-inch photomultiplier tubes observe the scintillating optical photons and each analog waveform is stored with the flash analog-to-digital converters. We present details of the data acquisition, processing, and data quality monitoring system. We also present two different trigger logics which are developed for the beam and self-trigger.
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Submitted 31 May, 2020;
originally announced June 2020.
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Performance of PMTs for the JSNS2 experiment
Authors:
J. S. Park,
H. Furuta,
T. Maruyama,
S. Monjushiro,
K. Nishikawa,
M. Taira,
J. S. Jang,
K. K. Joo,
J. Y. Kim,
I. T. Lim,
D. H. Moon,
J. H. Seo,
C. D. Shin,
A. Zohaib,
P. Gwak,
M. Jang,
S. Ajimura,
T. Hiraiwa,
T. Nakano,
M. Nomachi,
T. Shima,
Y. Sugaya,
M. K. Cheoun,
J. H. Choi,
M. Y. Pac
, et al. (36 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for neutrino oscillations over a 24\,m short baseline at J-PARC. The JSNS$^{2}$ inner detector is filled with 17 tons of gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) and both the intermediate $γ$-catcher and the optically separated outer veto are filled with un-loaded LS. Optical photons fro…
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The JSNS$^{2}$ (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment aims to search for neutrino oscillations over a 24\,m short baseline at J-PARC. The JSNS$^{2}$ inner detector is filled with 17 tons of gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) and both the intermediate $γ$-catcher and the optically separated outer veto are filled with un-loaded LS. Optical photons from scintillation are observed by 120 Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). A total of 130 PMTs for the JSNS2 experiment were both donated by other experiments and purchased from Hamamatsu. Donated PMTs were purchased around 10 years ago, therefore JSNS$^{2}$ did pre-calibration of the PMTs including the purchased PMTs. 123 PMTs demonstrated acceptable performance for the JSNS$^{2}$ experiment, and 120 PMTs were installed in the detector.
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Submitted 25 May, 2020; v1 submitted 4 May, 2020;
originally announced May 2020.
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Slow control and monitoring system at the JSNS$^{2}$
Authors:
J. S. Park,
S. Ajimura,
M. Botran,
J. H. Choi,
J. W. Choi,
M. K. Cheoun,
T. Dodo,
H. Furuta,
J. Goh,
M. Harada,
S. Hasegawa,
Y. Hino,
T. Hiraiwa,
H. I. Jang,
J. S. Jang,
M. C. Jang,
H. Jeon,
S. Jeon,
K. K. Joo,
J. R. Jordan,
D. E Jung,
S. K. Kang,
Y. Kasugai,
T. Kawasaki,
E. J. Kim
, et al. (37 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The JSNS$^2$ experiment is aimed to search for sterile neutrino oscillations using a neutrino beam from muon decays at rest. The JSNS$^2$ detector contains 17 tons of 0.1\% gadolinium (Gd) loaded liquid scintillator (LS) as a neutrino target. Detector construction was completed in the spring of 2020. A slow control and monitoring system (SCMS) was implemented for reliable control and quick monitor…
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The JSNS$^2$ experiment is aimed to search for sterile neutrino oscillations using a neutrino beam from muon decays at rest. The JSNS$^2$ detector contains 17 tons of 0.1\% gadolinium (Gd) loaded liquid scintillator (LS) as a neutrino target. Detector construction was completed in the spring of 2020. A slow control and monitoring system (SCMS) was implemented for reliable control and quick monitoring of the detector operational status and environmental conditions. It issues an alarm if any of the monitored parameters exceed a preset acceptable range. The SCMS monitors the high voltage (HV) of the photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), the LS level in the detector, possible LS overflow and leakage, the temperature and air pressure in the detector, the humidity of the experimental hall, and the LS flow rate during filling and extraction. An initial 10 days of data-taking with a neutrino beam was done following a successful commissioning of the detector and SCMS in June 2020. In this paper, we present a description of the assembly and installation of the SCMS and its performance.
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Submitted 7 April, 2021; v1 submitted 4 May, 2020;
originally announced May 2020.