Observation of Body-Centered Cubic Iron above 200 Gigapascals
Authors:
Zuzana Konopkova,
Eric Edmund,
Orianna B Ball,
Agnes Dewaele,
Helene Ginestet,
Rachel J Husband,
Nicolas Jaisle,
Cornelius Strohm,
Madden S Anae,
Daniele Antonangeli,
Karen Appel,
Marzena Baron,
Silvia Boccato,
Khachiwan Buakor,
Julien Chantel,
Hyunchae Cynn,
Anand P Dwivedi,
Lars Ehm,
Konstantin Glazyrin,
Heinz Graafsma,
Egor Koemets,
Torsten Laurus,
Hauke Marquardt,
Bernhard Massani,
James D McHardy
, et al. (12 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The crystallographic structure of iron under extreme conditions is a key benchmark for cutting-edge experimental and numerical methods. Moreover, it plays a crucial role in understanding planetary cores, as it significantly influences the interpretation of observational data and, consequently, insights into their internal structure and dynamics. However, even the structure of pure solid iron under…
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The crystallographic structure of iron under extreme conditions is a key benchmark for cutting-edge experimental and numerical methods. Moreover, it plays a crucial role in understanding planetary cores, as it significantly influences the interpretation of observational data and, consequently, insights into their internal structure and dynamics. However, even the structure of pure solid iron under the Earth's core conditions remains uncertain, with the commonly expected hexagonal close-packed structure energetically competitive with various cubic lattices. In this study, iron was compressed in a diamond anvil cell to above 200 GPa, and dynamically probed near the melting point using MHz frequency X-ray pulses from the European X-ray Free Electron Laser. The emergence of an additional diffraction line at high temperatures suggests the formation of an entropically stabilized bcc structure. Rapid heating and cooling cycles captured intermediate phases, offering new insights into iron's phase transformation paths. The appearance of the bcc phase near melting at extreme pressures challenges current understanding of the iron phase diagram under Earth's core conditions.
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Submitted 21 May, 2025;
originally announced May 2025.