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Muon polarization in the MEG experiment: predictions and measurements
Authors:
A. M. Baldini,
Y. Bao,
E. Baracchini,
C. Bemporad,
F. Berg,
M. Biasotti,
G. Boca,
P. W. Cattaneo,
G. Cavoto,
F. Cei,
G. Chiarello,
C. Chiri,
A. De Bari,
M. De Gerone,
A. DÓnofrio,
S. Dussoni,
Y. Fujii,
L. Galli,
F. Gatti,
F. Grancagnolo,
M. Grassi,
A. Graziosi,
D. N. Grigoriev,
T. Haruyama,
M. Hildebrandt
, et al. (45 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The MEG experiment makes use of one of the world's most intense low energy muon beams, in order to search for the lepton flavour violating process $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} γ$. We determined the residual beam polarization at the thin stopping target, by measuring the asymmetry of the angular distribution of Michel decay positrons as a function of energy. The initial muon beam polarization at…
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The MEG experiment makes use of one of the world's most intense low energy muon beams, in order to search for the lepton flavour violating process $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} γ$. We determined the residual beam polarization at the thin stopping target, by measuring the asymmetry of the angular distribution of Michel decay positrons as a function of energy. The initial muon beam polarization at the production is predicted to be $P_μ = -1$ by the Standard Model (SM) with massless neutrinos. We estimated our residual muon polarization to be $P_μ = -0.85 \pm 0.03 ~ {\rm (stat)} ~ { }^{+ 0.04}_{-0.05} ~ {\rm (syst)}$ at the stopping target, which is consistent with the SM predictions when the depolarizing effects occurring during the muon production, propagation and moderation in the target are taken into account. The knowledge of beam polarization is of fundamental importance in order to model the background of our ${\megsign}$ search induced by the muon radiative decay: $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} \barν_μ ν_{\rm e} γ$.
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Submitted 28 April, 2016; v1 submitted 15 October, 2015;
originally announced October 2015.
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Measurement of the radiative decay of polarized muons in the MEG experiment
Authors:
MEG Collaboration,
A. M. Baldini,
Y. Bao,
E. Baracchini,
C. Bemporad,
F. Berg,
M. Biasotti,
G. Boca,
P. W. Cattaneo,
G. Cavoto,
F. Cei,
G. Chiarello,
C. Chiri,
A. de Bari,
M. De Gerone,
A. D'Onofrio,
S. Dussoni,
Y. Fujii,
L. Galli,
F. Gatti,
F. Grancagnolo,
M. Grassi,
A. Graziosi,
D. N. Grigoriev,
T. Haruyama
, et al. (46 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We studied the radiative muon decay $μ^+ \to e^+ν\barνγ$ by using for the first time an almost fully polarized muon source. We identified a large sample (~13000) of these decays in a total sample of 1.8x10^14 positive muon decays collected in the MEG experiment in the years 2009--2010 and measured the branching ratio B($μ^+ \to e^+ν\barνγ$) = (6.03+-0.14(stat.)+-0.53(sys.))x10^-8 for E_e > 45 MeV…
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We studied the radiative muon decay $μ^+ \to e^+ν\barνγ$ by using for the first time an almost fully polarized muon source. We identified a large sample (~13000) of these decays in a total sample of 1.8x10^14 positive muon decays collected in the MEG experiment in the years 2009--2010 and measured the branching ratio B($μ^+ \to e^+ν\barνγ$) = (6.03+-0.14(stat.)+-0.53(sys.))x10^-8 for E_e > 45 MeV and E_γ > 40 MeV, consistent with the Standard Model prediction. The precise measurement of this decay mode provides a basic tool for the timing calibration, a normalization channel, and a strong quality check of the complete MEG experiment in the search for $μ^+ \to e^+γ$ process.
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Submitted 7 March, 2016; v1 submitted 11 December, 2013;
originally announced December 2013.
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The MEG detector for $μ+\to e+γ$ decay search
Authors:
J. Adam,
X. Bai,
A. M. Baldini,
E. Baracchini,
C. Bemporad,
G. Boca,
P. W. Cattaneo,
G. Cavoto,
F. Cei,
C. Cerri,
M. Corbo,
N. Curalli,
A. De Bari,
M. De Gerone,
L. Del Frate,
S. Doke,
S. Dussoni,
J. Egger,
K. Fratini,
Y. Fujii,
L. Galli,
S. Galeotti,
G. Gallucci,
F. Gatti,
B. Golden
, et al. (51 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The MEG (Mu to Electron Gamma) experiment has been running at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Switzerland since 2008 to search for the decay \meg\ by using one of the most intense continuous $μ^+$ beams in the world. This paper presents the MEG components: the positron spectrometer, including a thin target, a superconducting magnet, a set of drift chambers for measuring the muon decay vertex and…
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The MEG (Mu to Electron Gamma) experiment has been running at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Switzerland since 2008 to search for the decay \meg\ by using one of the most intense continuous $μ^+$ beams in the world. This paper presents the MEG components: the positron spectrometer, including a thin target, a superconducting magnet, a set of drift chambers for measuring the muon decay vertex and the positron momentum, a timing counter for measuring the positron time, and a liquid xenon detector for measuring the photon energy, position and time. The trigger system, the read-out electronics and the data acquisition system are also presented in detail. The paper is completed with a description of the equipment and techniques developed for the calibration in time and energy and the simulation of the whole apparatus.
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Submitted 10 April, 2013; v1 submitted 10 March, 2013;
originally announced March 2013.
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New constraint on the existence of the mu+-> e+ gamma decay
Authors:
MEG Collaboration,
J. Adam,
X. Bai,
A. M. Baldini,
E. Baracchini,
C. Bemporad,
G. Boca,
P. W. Cattaneo,
G. Cavoto,
F. Cei,
C. Cerri,
A. de Bari,
M. De Gerone,
T. Doke,
S. Dussoni,
J. Egger,
K. Fratini,
Y. Fujii,
L. Galli,
G. Gallucci,
F. Gatti,
B. Golden,
M. Grassi,
A. Graziosi,
D. N. Grigoriev
, et al. (49 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The analysis of a combined data set, totaling 3.6 \times 10^14 stopped muons on target, in the search for the lepton flavour violating decay mu^+ -> e^+ gamma is presented. The data collected by the MEG experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut show no excess of events compared to background expectations and yield a new upper limit on the branching ratio of this decay of 5.7 \times 10^-13 (90% conf…
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The analysis of a combined data set, totaling 3.6 \times 10^14 stopped muons on target, in the search for the lepton flavour violating decay mu^+ -> e^+ gamma is presented. The data collected by the MEG experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut show no excess of events compared to background expectations and yield a new upper limit on the branching ratio of this decay of 5.7 \times 10^-13 (90% confidence level). This represents a four times more stringent limit than the previous world best limit set by MEG.
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Submitted 23 April, 2013; v1 submitted 4 March, 2013;
originally announced March 2013.
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MEG Upgrade Proposal
Authors:
A. M. Baldini,
F. Cei,
C. Cerri,
S. Dussoni,
L. Galli,
M. Grassi,
D. Nicolò,
F. Raffaelli,
F. Sergiampietri,
G. Signorelli,
F. Tenchini,
D. Bagliani,
M. De Gerone,
F. Gatti,
E. Baracchini,
Y. Fujii,
T. Iwamoto,
D. Kaneko,
T. Mori,
M. Nishimura,
W. Ootani,
R. Sawada,
Y. Uchiyama,
G. Boca,
P. W. Cattaneo
, et al. (43 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We propose the continuation of the MEG experiment to search for the charged lepton flavour violating decay (cLFV) μ\to e γ, based on an upgrade of the experiment, which aims for a sensitivity enhancement of one order of magnitude compared to the final MEG result, down to the $6 \times 10^{-14}$ level. The key features of this new MEG upgrade are an increased rate capability of all detectors to ena…
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We propose the continuation of the MEG experiment to search for the charged lepton flavour violating decay (cLFV) μ\to e γ, based on an upgrade of the experiment, which aims for a sensitivity enhancement of one order of magnitude compared to the final MEG result, down to the $6 \times 10^{-14}$ level. The key features of this new MEG upgrade are an increased rate capability of all detectors to enable running at the intensity frontier and improved energy, angular and timing resolutions, for both the positron and photon arms of the detector. On the positron-side a new low-mass, single volume, high granularity tracker is envisaged, in combination with a new highly segmented, fast timing counter array, to track positron from a thinner stopping target. The photon-arm, with the largest liquid xenon (LXe) detector in the world, totalling 900 l, will also be improved by increasing the granularity at the incident face, by replacing the current photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with a larger number of smaller photosensors and optimizing the photosensor layout also on the lateral faces. A new DAQ scheme involving the implementation of a new combined readout board capable of integrating the diverse functions of digitization, trigger capability and splitter functionality into one condensed unit, is also under development. We describe here the status of the MEG experiment, the scientific merits of the upgrade and the experimental methods we plan to use.
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Submitted 4 February, 2013; v1 submitted 30 January, 2013;
originally announced January 2013.
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Improvement of xenon purification system using a combination of a pulse tube refrigerator and a coaxial heat exchanger
Authors:
Wan-Ting Chen,
D. Chbib,
J. -P. Cussonneau,
J. Donnard,
S. Duval,
O. Lemaire,
M. Le Calloch,
P. Le Ray,
A. -F. Mohamad-Hadi,
E. Morteau,
T. Oger,
L. Scotto-Lavina,
J. -S. Stutzmann,
D. Thers,
P. Briend,
T. Haruyama,
S. Mihara,
T. Tauchi
Abstract:
We have developed a compact cryogenic system with a pulse tube refrigerator and a coaxial heat exchanger. This liquefaction-purification system not only saves the cooling power used to reach high gaseous recirculation rate, but also reduces the impurity level with high speed. The heat exchanger operates with an efficiency of 99%, which indicates the possibility for fast xenon gas recirculation in…
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We have developed a compact cryogenic system with a pulse tube refrigerator and a coaxial heat exchanger. This liquefaction-purification system not only saves the cooling power used to reach high gaseous recirculation rate, but also reduces the impurity level with high speed. The heat exchanger operates with an efficiency of 99%, which indicates the possibility for fast xenon gas recirculation in a highpressurized large-scale xenon storage with much less thermal losses.
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Submitted 17 May, 2012;
originally announced May 2012.
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Reduction of thermal fluctuations in a cryogenic laser interferometric gravitational wave detector
Authors:
Takashi Uchiyama,
Shinji Miyoki,
Souichi Telada,
Kazuhiro Yamamoto,
Masatake Ohashi,
Kazuhiro Agatsuma,
Koji Arai,
Masa-Katsu Fujimoto,
Tomiyoshi Haruyama,
Seiji Kawamura,
Osamu Miyakawa,
Naoko Ohishi,
Takanori Saito,
Takakazu Shintomi,
Toshikazu Suzuki,
Ryutaro Takahashi,
Daisuke Tatsumi
Abstract:
The thermal fluctuation of mirror surfaces is the fundamental limitation for interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Here, we experimentally demonstrate for the first time a reduction in a mirror's thermal fluctuation in a GW detector with sapphire mirrors from the Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory at 17\,K and 18\,K. The detector sensitivity, which was limited by the mirror's…
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The thermal fluctuation of mirror surfaces is the fundamental limitation for interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Here, we experimentally demonstrate for the first time a reduction in a mirror's thermal fluctuation in a GW detector with sapphire mirrors from the Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory at 17\,K and 18\,K. The detector sensitivity, which was limited by the mirror's thermal fluctuation at room temperature, was improved in the frequency range of 90\,Hz to 240\,Hz by cooling the mirrors. The improved sensitivity reached a maximum of $2.2 \times 10^{-19}\,\textrm{m}/\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}$ at 165\,Hz.
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Submitted 16 February, 2012;
originally announced February 2012.
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Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector
Authors:
K. Abe,
N. Abgrall,
Y. Ajima,
H. Aihara,
J. B. Albert,
C. Andreopoulos,
B. Andrieu,
M. D. Anerella,
S. Aoki,
O. Araoka,
J. Argyriades,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
S. Assylbekov,
D. Autiero,
A. Badertscher,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
M. Bass,
M. Batkiewicz,
F. Bay,
S. Bentham,
V. Berardi,
B. E. Berger
, et al. (407 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure o…
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Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision.
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Submitted 14 November, 2011;
originally announced November 2011.
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The T2K Experiment
Authors:
T2K Collaboration,
K. Abe,
N. Abgrall,
H. Aihara,
Y. Ajima,
J. B. Albert,
D. Allan,
P. -A. Amaudruz,
C. Andreopoulos,
B. Andrieu,
M. D. Anerella,
C. Angelsen,
S. Aoki,
O. Araoka,
J. Argyriades,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
S. Assylbekov,
J. P. A. M. de André,
D. Autiero,
A. Badertscher,
O. Ballester,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
P. Baron
, et al. (499 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The T2K experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ_{13} by observing ν_e appearance in a ν_μ beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, Δm^{2}_{23} and sin^{2} 2θ_{23}, via ν_μ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross…
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The T2K experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ_{13} by observing ν_e appearance in a ν_μ beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, Δm^{2}_{23} and sin^{2} 2θ_{23}, via ν_μ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem.
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Submitted 8 June, 2011; v1 submitted 6 June, 2011;
originally announced June 2011.
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Xenon Recirculation-Purification with a Heat Exchanger
Authors:
K. L. Giboni,
E. Aprile,
B. Choi,
T. Haruyama,
R. F. Lang,
K. E. Lim,
A. J. Melgarejo,
G. Plante
Abstract:
Liquid-xenon based particle detectors have been dramatically growing in size during the last years, and are now exceeding the one-ton scale. The required high xenon purity is usually achieved by continuous recirculation of xenon gas through a high-temperature getter. This challenges the traditional way of cooling these large detectors, since in a thermally well insulated detector, most of the cool…
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Liquid-xenon based particle detectors have been dramatically growing in size during the last years, and are now exceeding the one-ton scale. The required high xenon purity is usually achieved by continuous recirculation of xenon gas through a high-temperature getter. This challenges the traditional way of cooling these large detectors, since in a thermally well insulated detector, most of the cooling power is spent to compensate losses from recirculation. The phase change during recondensing requires five times more cooling power than cooling the gas from ambient temperature to -100C (173 K). Thus, to reduce the cooling power requirements for large detectors, we propose to use the heat from the purified incoming gas to evaporate the outgoing xenon gas, by means of a heat exchanger. Generally, a heat exchanger would appear to be only of very limited use, since evaporation and liquefaction occur at zero temperature difference. However, the use of a recirculation pump reduces the pressure of the extracted liquid, forces it to evaporate, and thus cools it down. We show that this temperature difference can be used for an efficient heat exchange process. We investigate the use of a commercial parallel plate heat exchanger with a small liquid xenon detector. Although we expected to be limited by the available cooling power to flow rates of about 2 SLPM, rates in excess of 12 SLPM can easily be sustained, limited only by the pump speed and the impedance of the flow loop. The heat exchanger operates with an efficiency of (96.8 +/- 0.5)%. This opens the possibility for fast xenon gas recirculation in large-scale experiments, while minimizing thermal losses.
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Submitted 4 March, 2011;
originally announced March 2011.
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Belle II Technical Design Report
Authors:
T. Abe,
I. Adachi,
K. Adamczyk,
S. Ahn,
H. Aihara,
K. Akai,
M. Aloi,
L. Andricek,
K. Aoki,
Y. Arai,
A. Arefiev,
K. Arinstein,
Y. Arita,
D. M. Asner,
V. Aulchenko,
T. Aushev,
T. Aziz,
A. M. Bakich,
V. Balagura,
Y. Ban,
E. Barberio,
T. Barvich,
K. Belous,
T. Bergauer,
V. Bhardwaj
, et al. (387 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider has collected almost 1 billion Y(4S) events in its decade of operation. Super-KEKB, an upgrade of KEKB is under construction, to increase the luminosity by two orders of magnitude during a three-year shutdown, with an ultimate goal of 8E35 /cm^2 /s luminosity. To exploit the increased luminosity, an upgrade of the Belle detector has been pr…
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The Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider has collected almost 1 billion Y(4S) events in its decade of operation. Super-KEKB, an upgrade of KEKB is under construction, to increase the luminosity by two orders of magnitude during a three-year shutdown, with an ultimate goal of 8E35 /cm^2 /s luminosity. To exploit the increased luminosity, an upgrade of the Belle detector has been proposed. A new international collaboration Belle-II, is being formed. The Technical Design Report presents physics motivation, basic methods of the accelerator upgrade, as well as key improvements of the detector.
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Submitted 1 November, 2010;
originally announced November 2010.
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Summary of the J-PARC UCN Taskforce
Authors:
The J-Parc Ucn Taskforce,
:,
Tomokazu Aso,
Masatoshi Futakawa,
Tomiyoshi Haruyama,
Kazuo Hasegawa,
Yujiro Ikeda,
Masanori Ikegami,
Yukihide Kamiya,
Takashi Kato,
Nobuhiro Kimura,
Yoshiaki Kiyanagi,
Yasuo Maekawa,
Yasuhiro Masuda,
Taichi Miura,
Masaharu Numajiri,
Toru Ogitsu,
Nobuo Ouchi,
Kotaro Sato,
Hirohiko Shimizu,
Eiichi Takasaki,
Nobuyuki Takenaka,
Akira Yamamoto,
Satoru Yamashita
Abstract:
Discussions in the taskforce meetings in the period of Jan.-Mar. 2009 on the technical possibility of the ultracold neutron (UCN) source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is summarized.
Discussions in the taskforce meetings in the period of Jan.-Mar. 2009 on the technical possibility of the ultracold neutron (UCN) source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is summarized.
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Submitted 2 July, 2009;
originally announced July 2009.
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Current status of the CLIO project
Authors:
K Yamamoto,
T Uchiyama,
S Miyoki,
M Ohashi,
K Kuroda,
H Ishitsuka,
T Akutsu,
S Telada,
T Tomaru,
T Suzuki,
N Sato,
Y Saito,
Y Higashi,
T Haruyama,
A Yamamoto,
T Shintomi,
D Tatsumi,
M Ando,
H Tagoshi,
N Kanda,
N Awaya,
S Yamagishi,
H Takahashi,
A Araya,
A Takamori
, et al. (5 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
CLIO (Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory) is a Japanese gravitational wave detector project. One of the main purposes of CLIO is to demonstrate thermal-noise suppression by cooling mirrors for a future Japanese project, LCGT (Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational Telescope). The CLIO site is in Kamioka mine, as is LCGT. The progress of CLIO between 2005 and 2007 (room- and cryogenic-temper…
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CLIO (Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory) is a Japanese gravitational wave detector project. One of the main purposes of CLIO is to demonstrate thermal-noise suppression by cooling mirrors for a future Japanese project, LCGT (Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational Telescope). The CLIO site is in Kamioka mine, as is LCGT. The progress of CLIO between 2005 and 2007 (room- and cryogenic-temperature experiments) is introduced in this article. In a room-temperature experiment, we made efforts to improve the sensitivity. The current best sensitivity at 300 K is about $6 \times 10^{-21} /\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ around 400 Hz. Below 20 Hz, the strain (not displacement) sensitivity is comparable to that of LIGO, although the baselines of CLIO are 40-times shorter (CLIO: 100m, LIGO: 4km). This is because seismic noise is extremely small in Kamioka mine. We operated the interferometer at room temperature for gravitational wave observations. We obtained 86 hours of data. In the cryogenic experiment, it was confirmed that the mirrors were sufficiently cooled (14 K). However, we found that the radiation shield ducts transferred 300K radiation into the cryostat more effectively than we had expected. We observed that noise caused by pure aluminum wires to suspend a mirror was suppressed by cooling the mirror.
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Submitted 15 May, 2008;
originally announced May 2008.
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Conduction Effect of Thermal Radiation in a Metal Shield Pipe in a Cryostat for a Cryogenic Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector
Authors:
Takayuki Tomaru,
Masao Tokunari,
Kazuaki Kuroda,
Takashi Uchiyama,
Akira Okutomi,
Masatake Ohashi,
Hiroyuki Kirihara,
Nobuhiro Kimura,
Yoshio Saito,
Nobuaki Sato,
Takakazu Shintomi,
Toshikazu Suzuki,
Tomiyoshi Haruyama,
Shinji Miyoki,
Kazuhiro Yamamoto,
Akira Yamamoto
Abstract:
A large heat load caused by thermal radiation through a metal shield pipe was observed in a cooling test of a cryostat for a prototype of a cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector. The heat load was approximately 1000 times larger than the value calculated by the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We studied this phenomenon by simulation and experiment and found that it was caused by the conduc…
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A large heat load caused by thermal radiation through a metal shield pipe was observed in a cooling test of a cryostat for a prototype of a cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector. The heat load was approximately 1000 times larger than the value calculated by the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We studied this phenomenon by simulation and experiment and found that it was caused by the conduction of thermal radiation in a metal shield pipe.
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Submitted 6 November, 2007;
originally announced November 2007.
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Pulse tube cryocooler with self-cancellation of cold stage vibration
Authors:
T. Suzuki,
T. Tomaru,
T. Haruyama,
N. Sato,
A. Yamamoto,
T. Shintomi,
Y. Ikushima,
R. Li
Abstract:
We experimentally demonstrated a new method for reducing the vibration of the cold stage of a cryocooler. Comparing the RMS amplitude with the case of no phase shift of the driving gas pressure between the two pairs, the longitudinal vibration of the cold stage was reduced by 96.1% at 126 K by supplying gas pressure with 180 degrees of phase shift.
We experimentally demonstrated a new method for reducing the vibration of the cold stage of a cryocooler. Comparing the RMS amplitude with the case of no phase shift of the driving gas pressure between the two pairs, the longitudinal vibration of the cold stage was reduced by 96.1% at 126 K by supplying gas pressure with 180 degrees of phase shift.
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Submitted 3 November, 2006;
originally announced November 2006.
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Absorption of Scintillation Light in a 100 $\ell$ Liquid Xenon$γ$ Ray Detector and Expected Detector Performance
Authors:
A. Baldini,
C. Bemporad,
F. Cei,
T. Doke,
M. Grassi,
A. A. Grebenuk,
D. N. Grigoriev,
T. Haruyama,
K. Kasami,
J. Kikuchi,
A. Maki,
T. Mashimo,
S. Mihara,
T. Mitsuhashi,
T. Mori,
D. Nicolo`,
H. Nishiguchi,
W. Ootani,
K. Ozone,
A. Papa,
R. Pazzi,
S. Ritt,
R. Sawada,
F. Sergiampietri,
G. Signorelli
, et al. (6 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
An 800L liquid xenon scintillation $γ$ ray detector is being developed for the MEG experiment which will search for $μ^+\to\mathrm{e}^+γ$ decay at the Paul Scherrer Institut. Absorption of scintillation light of xenon by impurities might possibly limit the performance of such a detector. We used a 100L prototype with an active volume of 372x372x496 mm$^3$ to study the scintillation light absorpt…
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An 800L liquid xenon scintillation $γ$ ray detector is being developed for the MEG experiment which will search for $μ^+\to\mathrm{e}^+γ$ decay at the Paul Scherrer Institut. Absorption of scintillation light of xenon by impurities might possibly limit the performance of such a detector. We used a 100L prototype with an active volume of 372x372x496 mm$^3$ to study the scintillation light absorption. We have developed a method to evaluate the light absorption, separately from elastic scattering of light, by measuring cosmic rays and $α$ sources. By using a suitable purification technique, an absorption length longer than 100 cm has been achieved. The effects of the light absorption on the energy resolution are estimated by Monte Carlo simulation.
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Submitted 6 July, 2004;
originally announced July 2004.
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Liquid Xe scintillation calorimetry and Xe optical properties
Authors:
A. Baldini,
C. Bemporad,
F. Cei,
T. Doke,
M. Grassi,
T. Haruyama,
S. Mihara,
T. Mori,
D. Nicolò,
H. Nishiguchi,
W. Ootani,
K. Ozone,
A. Papa,
R. Pazzi,
R. Sawada,
F. Sergiampietri,
G. Signorelli,
S. Suzuki,
K. Terasawa
Abstract:
The optical properties of LXe in the vacuum ultra violet (VUV), determining the performance of a scintillation calorimeter, are discussed in detail. The available data, measured in a wider spectral region from visible to UV light, and in a large range of Xe densities, from gas to liquid, are examined. It is shown that this information can be used for deriving the LXe optical properties in the VU…
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The optical properties of LXe in the vacuum ultra violet (VUV), determining the performance of a scintillation calorimeter, are discussed in detail. The available data, measured in a wider spectral region from visible to UV light, and in a large range of Xe densities, from gas to liquid, are examined. It is shown that this information can be used for deriving the LXe optical properties in the VUV. A comparison is made with the few direct measurements in LXe for VUV light resulting from the LXe excitation by ionizing particles. A useful relation is obtained which connects the Rayleigh scattering length to the refractive index in LXe.
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Submitted 15 January, 2004;
originally announced January 2004.