Showing 1–29 of 29 results for author: Foster, B

Slice Emittance Preservation and Focus Control in a Passive Plasma Lens

Authors: J. Björklund Svensson, J. Beinortaitė, L. Boulton, B. Foster, J. M. Garland, P. González Caminal, M. Huck, H. Jones, A. Kanekar, G. Loisch, J. Osterhoff, F. Peña, S. Schröder, M. Thévenet, S. Wesch, M. Wing, J. C. Wood, R. D'Arcy

Abstract: Strong, symmetrically focusing plasma lenses are promising for accommodating the small beams associated with plasma-based accelerators and collider final foci. However, while focusing with active and passive plasma lenses has been experimentally demonstrated, compatibility with high-brightness beams relevant for applications has not. In this Letter, we show experimentally that passive plasma lense… ▽ More Strong, symmetrically focusing plasma lenses are promising for accommodating the small beams associated with plasma-based accelerators and collider final foci. However, while focusing with active and passive plasma lenses has been experimentally demonstrated, compatibility with high-brightness beams relevant for applications has not. In this Letter, we show experimentally that passive plasma lenses can preserve free-electron-laser-quality slice emittance while focusing two orders of magnitude more strongly than quadrupole magnets, and that the focal parameters can be controlled. △ Less

Submitted 6 March, 2026; v1 submitted 10 September, 2025; originally announced September 2025.

Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures

Updated baseline design for HALHF: the hybrid, asymmetric, linear Higgs factory

Authors: C. A. Lindstrøm, E. Adli, J. B. B. Chen, P. Drobniak, E. E. Hørlyk, D. Kalvik, K. N. Sjobak, T. Barklow, S. Gessner, M. Hogan, M. Berggren, A. Laudrain, B. List, J. List, V. Maslov, K. Põder, M. Thévenet, N. Walker, J. Wood, S. Boogert, P. N. Burrows, V. Cilento, R. D'Arcy, B. Foster, S. Farrington , et al. (3 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Particle physicists aim to construct a electron-positron Higgs factory as the next major particle collider. However, the high associated costs motivate the development of more affordable collider designs. Plasma-wakefield acceleration is a promising technology to this end. HALHF is a proposal for a Higgs factory that utilizes beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration to accelerate electrons to hig… ▽ More Particle physicists aim to construct a electron-positron Higgs factory as the next major particle collider. However, the high associated costs motivate the development of more affordable collider designs. Plasma-wakefield acceleration is a promising technology to this end. HALHF is a proposal for a Higgs factory that utilizes beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration to accelerate electrons to high energy with high gradient, while using radio-frequency acceleration to accelerate positrons to a lower energy. This asymmetry sidesteps a major difficulty in plasma acceleration: that of accelerating positrons with high efficiency and quality. Since publication, several challenges were identified in the original baseline design. We summarize the updated baseline design, which addresses these challenges, and describe the parameter- and cost-optimization process used to arrive at this design. △ Less

Submitted 27 May, 2025; originally announced May 2025.

Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted as an IPAC'25 proceeding (MOCD1)

Journal ref: Proceedings of the 16th International Particle Accelerator Conference, p. 53 (2025)

The Linear Collider Facility (LCF) at CERN

Authors: H. Abramowicz, E. Adli, F. Alharthi, M. Almanza-Soto, M. M. Altakach, S. Ampudia Castelazo, D. Angal-Kalinin, J. A. Anguiano, R. B. Appleby, O. Apsimon, A. Arbey, O. Arquero, D. Attié, J. L. Avila-Jimenez, H. Baer, Y. Bai, C. Balazs, P. Bambade, T. Barklow, J. Baudot, P. Bechtle, T. Behnke, A. B. Bellerive, S. Belomestnykh, Y. Benhammou , et al. (386 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: In this paper we outline a proposal for a Linear Collider Facility as the next flagship project for CERN. It offers the opportunity for a timely, cost-effective and staged construction of a new collider that will be able to comprehensively map the Higgs boson's properties, including the Higgs field potential, thanks to a large span in centre-of-mass energies and polarised beams. A comprehensive pr… ▽ More In this paper we outline a proposal for a Linear Collider Facility as the next flagship project for CERN. It offers the opportunity for a timely, cost-effective and staged construction of a new collider that will be able to comprehensively map the Higgs boson's properties, including the Higgs field potential, thanks to a large span in centre-of-mass energies and polarised beams. A comprehensive programme to study the Higgs boson and its closest relatives with high precision requires data at centre-of-mass energies from the Z pole to at least 1 TeV. It should include measurements of the Higgs boson in both major production mechanisms, ee -> ZH and ee -> vvH, precision measurements of gauge boson interactions as well as of the W boson, Higgs boson and top-quark masses, measurement of the top-quark Yukawa coupling through ee ->ttH, measurement of the Higgs boson self-coupling through HH production, and precision measurements of the electroweak couplings of the top quark. In addition, ee collisions offer discovery potential for new particles complementary to HL-LHC. △ Less

Submitted 19 June, 2025; v1 submitted 31 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Submission to the ESPPU, as updated version May 26

Report number: DESY-25-054

HALHF: a hybrid, asymmetric, linear Higgs factory using plasma- and RF-based acceleration. Backup Document

Authors: Erik Adli, Joshua Appleby, Timothy L. Barklow, Marica Biagini, Jonas Björklund Svensson, Mikael Berggren, Simone Bettoni, Stewart Boogert, Philip Burrows, Allen Caldwell, Jian Bin Ben Chen, Vera Cilento, Laura Corner, Richard D'Arcy, Steffen Doebert, Wang Dou, Pierre Drobniak, Calvin Dyson, Sinead Farrington, John Farmer, Angeles Faus-Golfe, Manuel Formela, Arianne Formenti, Louis Forrester, Brian Foster , et al. (37 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This document expands on the Comprehensive Summary submitted to the EPPSU 2026. It contains details on aspects of the HALHF project that could not be fitted into the Summary. Some sections contain work that is still preliminary and/or status reports on current progress. This document expands on the Comprehensive Summary submitted to the EPPSU 2026. It contains details on aspects of the HALHF project that could not be fitted into the Summary. Some sections contain work that is still preliminary and/or status reports on current progress. △ Less

Submitted 30 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Submitted to the European Particle Physics Strategy Update 2026

Design Initiative for a 10 TeV pCM Wakefield Collider

Authors: Spencer Gessner, Jens Osterhoff, Carl A. Lindstrøm, Kevin Cassou, Simone Pagan Griso, Jenny List, Erik Adli, Brian Foster, John Palastro, Elena Donegani, Moses Chung, Mikhail Polyanskiy, Lindsey Gray, Igor Pogorelsky, Gongxiaohui Chen, Gianluca Sarri, Brian Beaudoin, Ferdinand Willeke, David Bruhwiler, Joseph Grames, Yuan Shi, Robert Szafron, Angira Rastogi, Alexander Knetsch, Xueying Lu , et al. (176 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This document outlines a community-driven Design Study for a 10 TeV pCM Wakefield Accelerator Collider. The 2020 ESPP Report emphasized the need for Advanced Accelerator R\&D, and the 2023 P5 Report calls for the ``delivery of an end-to-end design concept, including cost scales, with self-consistent parameters throughout." This Design Study leverages recent experimental and theoretical progress re… ▽ More This document outlines a community-driven Design Study for a 10 TeV pCM Wakefield Accelerator Collider. The 2020 ESPP Report emphasized the need for Advanced Accelerator R\&D, and the 2023 P5 Report calls for the ``delivery of an end-to-end design concept, including cost scales, with self-consistent parameters throughout." This Design Study leverages recent experimental and theoretical progress resulting from a global R\&D program in order to deliver a unified, 10 TeV Wakefield Collider concept. Wakefield Accelerators provide ultra-high accelerating gradients which enables an upgrade path that will extend the reach of Linear Colliders beyond the electroweak scale. Here, we describe the organization of the Design Study including timeline and deliverables, and we detail the requirements and challenges on the path to a 10 TeV Wakefield Collider. △ Less

Submitted 31 March, 2025; v1 submitted 26 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Contribution prepared for the 2025 update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics

A Linear Collider Vision for the Future of Particle Physics

Authors: H. Abramowicz, E. Adli, F. Alharthi, M. Almanza-Soto, M. M. Altakach, W. Altmannshofer, S. Ampudia Castelazo, D. Angal-Kalinin, J. A. Anguiano, R. B. Appleby, O. Apsimon, A. Arbey, F. Arco, O. Arquero, A. Aryshev, S. Asai, D. Attie, J. L. Avila-Jimenez, H. Baer, J. A. Bagger, Y. Bai, I. R. Bailey, C. Balazs, P. Bambade, T. Barklow , et al. (426 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: In this paper we review the physics opportunities at linear $e^+e^-$ colliders with a special focus on high centre-of-mass energies and beam polarisation, take a fresh look at the various accelerator technologies available or under development and, for the first time, discuss how a facility first equipped with a technology mature today could be upgraded with technologies of tomorrow to reach much… ▽ More In this paper we review the physics opportunities at linear $e^+e^-$ colliders with a special focus on high centre-of-mass energies and beam polarisation, take a fresh look at the various accelerator technologies available or under development and, for the first time, discuss how a facility first equipped with a technology mature today could be upgraded with technologies of tomorrow to reach much higher energies and/or luminosities. In addition, we will discuss detectors and alternative collider modes, as well as opportunities for beyond-collider experiments and R\&D facilities as part of a linear collider facility (LCF). The material of this paper will support all plans for $e^+e^-$ linear colliders and additional opportunities they offer, independently of technology choice or proposed site, as well as R\&D for advanced accelerator technologies. This joint perspective on the physics goals, early technologies and upgrade strategies has been developed by the LCVision team based on an initial discussion at LCWS2024 in Tokyo and a follow-up at the LCVision Community Event at CERN in January 2025. It heavily builds on decades of achievements of the global linear collider community, in particular in the context of CLIC and ILC. △ Less

Submitted 23 December, 2025; v1 submitted 25 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Community document for EPPSU, major updates of several sections, in particular the global interpretation section

HALHF: a hybrid, asymmetric, linear Higgs factory using plasma- and RF-based acceleration

Authors: Erik Adli, Joshua Appleby, Timothy L. Barklow, Marica Biagini, Jonas Björklund Svensson, Mikael Berggren, Simone Bettoni, Stewart Boogert, Philip Burrows, Allen Caldwell, Jian Bin Ben Chen, Vera Cilento, Laura Corner, Richard D'Arcy, Steffen Doebert, Wang Dou, Pierre Drobniak, Calvin Dyson, Sinead Farrington, John Farmer, Angeles Faus-Golfe, Manuel Formela, Arianne Formenti, Louis Forrester, Brian Foster , et al. (37 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: HALHF is a hybrid linear collider that uses electron-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration to accelerate electrons to high energy while using radio-frequency cavity technology to accelerate positrons. The most cost-effective solution collides low-energy positrons with high-energy electrons, producing a boost to the final state in the electron direction with $γ= 1.67$. The current HALHF baseline des… ▽ More HALHF is a hybrid linear collider that uses electron-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration to accelerate electrons to high energy while using radio-frequency cavity technology to accelerate positrons. The most cost-effective solution collides low-energy positrons with high-energy electrons, producing a boost to the final state in the electron direction with $γ= 1.67$. The current HALHF baseline design produces a luminosity comparable to that of the baseline ILC but with a greatly reduced construction and carbon footprint and hence much lower cost than the mature linear-collider designs ILC and CLIC. Costs for HALHF are evaluated, together with that for the approximate 15-year R\&D programme necessary to realise HALHF. Time scales and cost for the R\&D are estimated. Upgrade paths for HALHF technology from a 250~GeV Higgs factory, through 380 and 550~GeV, up to 10~TeV are sketched. △ Less

Submitted 30 March, 2025; v1 submitted 25 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Submitted to the European Strategy for Particle Physics, 2026 Update

Making the unmodulated pyramid wavefront sensor smart II. First on-sky demonstration of extreme adaptive optics with deep learning

Authors: R. Landman, S. Y. Haffert, J. D. Long, J. R. Males, L. M. Close, W. B. Foster, K. Van Gorkom, O. Guyon, A. D. Hedglen, P. T. Johnson, M. Y. Kautz, J. K. Kueny, J. Li, J. Liberman, J. Lumbres, E. A. McEwen, A. McLeod, L. Schatz, E. Tonucci, K. Twitchell

Abstract: Pyramid wavefront sensors (PWFSs) are the preferred choice for current and future extreme adaptive optics (XAO) systems. Almost all instruments use the PWFS in its modulated form to mitigate its limited linearity range. However, this modulation comes at the cost of a reduction in sensitivity, a blindness to petal-piston modes, and a limit to the sensor's ability to operate at high speeds. Therefor… ▽ More Pyramid wavefront sensors (PWFSs) are the preferred choice for current and future extreme adaptive optics (XAO) systems. Almost all instruments use the PWFS in its modulated form to mitigate its limited linearity range. However, this modulation comes at the cost of a reduction in sensitivity, a blindness to petal-piston modes, and a limit to the sensor's ability to operate at high speeds. Therefore, there is strong interest to use the PWFS without modulation, which can be enabled with nonlinear reconstructors. Here, we present the first on-sky demonstration of XAO with an unmodulated PWFS using a nonlinear reconstructor based on convolutional neural networks. We discuss the real-time implementation on the Magellan Adaptive Optics eXtreme (MagAO-X) instrument using the optimized TensorRT framework and show that inference is fast enough to run the control loop at >2 kHz frequencies. Our on-sky results demonstrate a successful closed-loop operation using a model calibrated with internal source data that delivers stable and robust correction under varying conditions. Performance analysis reveals that our smart PWFS achieves nearly the same Strehl ratio as the highly optimized modulated PWFS under favorable conditions on bright stars. Notably, we observe an improvement in performance on a fainter star under the influence of strong winds. These findings confirm the feasibility of using the PWFS in its unmodulated form and highlight its potential for next-generation instruments. Future efforts will focus on achieving even higher control loop frequencies (>3 kHz), optimizing the calibration procedures, and testing its performance on fainter stars, where more gain is expected for the unmodulated PWFS compared to its modulated counterpart. △ Less

Submitted 20 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Accepted for publication in A&A

Proceedings of the Erice Workshop: A new baseline for the hybrid, asymmetric, linear Higgs factory HALHF

Authors: Brian Foster, Erik Adli, Timothy L. Barklow, Mikael Berggren, Stewart Boogert, Jian Bin Ben Chen, Richard D'Arcy, Pierre Drobniak, Sinead Farrington, Spencer Gessner, Mark J. Hogan, Daniel Kalvik, Antoine Laudrain, Carl A. Lindstrøm, Benno List, Jenny List, Xueying Lu, Gudrid Moortgat Pick, Kristjan Põder, Andrei Seryi, Kyrre Sjobak, Maxence Thèvenet, Nicholas J. Walker, Jonathan Wood

Abstract: The HALHF collaboration has discussed a new baseline for the project, taking into account comments from the accelerator community on various aspects of the original design. In particular, these concerned the practicality of the dual-purpose linac to accelerate both colliding positron bunches and the drive beams required for the plasma linac. In addition, many other aspects of the project were also… ▽ More The HALHF collaboration has discussed a new baseline for the project, taking into account comments from the accelerator community on various aspects of the original design. In particular, these concerned the practicality of the dual-purpose linac to accelerate both colliding positron bunches and the drive beams required for the plasma linac. In addition, many other aspects of the project were also considered; the discussion and conclusions are documented in this paper. Finally, a new baseline is outlined that has been optimised and addresses several weaknesses in the original design, has higher luminosity, reduced centre-of-mass energy boost and additional features such as positron polarization as well as electron polarization. Although HALHF has become longer and more expensive, it remains significantly smaller and cheaper than other mature Higgs factory designs currently under discussion. △ Less

Submitted 25 March, 2025; v1 submitted 19 January, 2025; originally announced January 2025.

Comments: 32 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables

Report on the Advanced Linear Collider Study Group (ALEGRO) Workshop 2024

Authors: J. Vieira, B. Cros, P. Muggli, I. A. Andriyash, O. Apsimon, M. Backhouse, C. Benedetti, S. S. Bulanov, A. Caldwell, Min Chen, V. Cilento, S. Corde, R. D'Arcy, S. Diederichs, E. Ericson, E. Esarey, J. Farmer, L. Fedeli, A. Formenti, B. Foster, M. Garten, C. G. R. Geddes, T. Grismayer, M. J. Hogan, S. Hooker , et al. (19 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The workshop focused on the application of ANAs to particle physics keeping in mind the ultimate goal of a collider at the energy frontier (10\,TeV, e$^+$/e$^-$, e$^-$/e$^-$, or $γγ$). The development of ANAs is conducted at universities and national laboratories worldwide. The community is thematically broad and diverse, in particular since lasers suitable for ANA research (multi-hundred-terawatt… ▽ More The workshop focused on the application of ANAs to particle physics keeping in mind the ultimate goal of a collider at the energy frontier (10\,TeV, e$^+$/e$^-$, e$^-$/e$^-$, or $γγ$). The development of ANAs is conducted at universities and national laboratories worldwide. The community is thematically broad and diverse, in particular since lasers suitable for ANA research (multi-hundred-terawatt peak power, a few tens of femtosecond-long pulses) and acceleration of electrons to hundreds of mega electron volts to multi giga electron volts became commercially available. The community spans several continents (Europe, America, Asia), including more than 62 laboratories in more than 20 countries. It is among the missions of the ICFA-ANA panel to feature the amazing progress made with ANAs, to provide international coordination and to foster international collaborations towards a future HEP collider. The scope of this edition of the workshop was to discuss the recent progress and necessary steps towards realizing a linear collider for particle physics based on novel-accelerator technologies (laser or beam driven in plasma or structures). Updates on the relevant aspects of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) Roadmap Process as well as of the P5 (in the US) were presented, and ample time was dedicated to discussions. The major outcome of the workshop is the decision for ALEGRO to coordinate efforts in Europe, in the US, and in Asia towards a pre-CDR for an ANA-based, 10\,TeV CM collider. This goal of this coordination is to lead to a funding proposal to be submitted to both EU and EU/US funding agencies. This document presents a summary of the workshop, as seen by the co-chairs, as well as short 'one-pagers' written by the presenters at the workshop. △ Less

Submitted 15 August, 2024; v1 submitted 6 August, 2024; originally announced August 2024.

Comments: 72 pages

Emittance preservation in a plasma-wakefield accelerator

Authors: C. A. Lindstrøm, J. Beinortaitė, J. Björklund Svensson, L. Boulton, J. Chappell, S. Diederichs, B. Foster, J. M. Garland, P. González Caminal, G. Loisch, F. Peña, S. Schröder, M. Thévenet, S. Wesch, M. Wing, J. C. Wood, R. D'Arcy, J. Osterhoff

Abstract: Radio-frequency particle accelerators are engines of discovery, powering high-energy physics and photon science, but are also large and expensive due to their limited accelerating fields. Plasma-wakefield accelerators (PWFAs) provide orders-of-magnitude stronger fields in the charge-density wave behind a particle bunch travelling in a plasma, promising particle accelerators of greatly reduced size… ▽ More Radio-frequency particle accelerators are engines of discovery, powering high-energy physics and photon science, but are also large and expensive due to their limited accelerating fields. Plasma-wakefield accelerators (PWFAs) provide orders-of-magnitude stronger fields in the charge-density wave behind a particle bunch travelling in a plasma, promising particle accelerators of greatly reduced size and cost. However, PWFAs can easily degrade the beam quality of the bunches they accelerate. Emittance, which determines how tightly beams can be focused, is a critical beam quality in for instance colliders and free-electron lasers, but is particularly prone to degradation. We demonstrate, for the first time, emittance preservation in a high-gradient and high-efficiency PWFA while simultaneously preserving charge and energy spread. This establishes that PWFAs can accelerate without degradation$\unicode{x2014}$essential for energy boosters in photon science and multistage facilities for compact high-energy particle colliders. △ Less

Submitted 26 March, 2024; originally announced March 2024.

Comments: 9 pages, 4 figures, 11 supplementary figures

Journal ref: Nat. Commun. 15, 6097 (2024)

Status of and upgrade concepts for HALHF: the hybrid, asymmetric, linear Higgs factory

Authors: C. A. Lindstrøm, R. D'Arcy, B. Foster

Abstract: This contribution outlines the HALHF concept, which combines the high gradients achievable in plasma-wakefield acceleration with conventional radio-frequency acceleration. In HALHF, beam-driven plasma-wakefield cells are used to accelerate electrons to high energy. Because plasma-based acceleration of positrons is problematic, conventional RF acceleration is used but to much lower energy. The HALH… ▽ More This contribution outlines the HALHF concept, which combines the high gradients achievable in plasma-wakefield acceleration with conventional radio-frequency acceleration. In HALHF, beam-driven plasma-wakefield cells are used to accelerate electrons to high energy. Because plasma-based acceleration of positrons is problematic, conventional RF acceleration is used but to much lower energy. The HALHF concept utilises not only asymmetric energies but also asymmetric bunch charges and asymmetric transverse emittances, leading to comparable luminosity to conventional facilities but much lower capital cost. Possible upgrades to the HALHF facility are discussed, in particular to the $\rm{t\bar{t}}$ threshold and to 550 GeV, where the Higgs self-coupling and $\rm{t\bar{t}}H$ coupling can be measured. Other upgrades include the provision of two interaction points, to implement a $γ$$\unicode{x2013}$$γ$ collider of two possible types and finally a symmetric high-energy collider if the problem of plasma-based positron acceleration can be solved. △ Less

Submitted 8 December, 2023; originally announced December 2023.

Comments: 13 pages, 4 figures, conference proceeding for the 6th European Advanced Accelerator Concepts workshop (EAAC2023), 17-23 September 2023

Energy Depletion and Re-Acceleration of Driver Electrons in a Plasma-Wakefield Accelerator

Authors: F. Peña, C. A. Lindstrøm, J. Beinortaitė, J. Björklund Svensson, L. Boulton, S. Diederichs, B. Foster, J. M. Garland, P. González Caminal, G. Loisch, S. Schröder, M. Thévenet, S. Wesch, J. C. Wood, J. Osterhoff, R. D'Arcy

Abstract: For plasma-wakefield accelerators to fulfil their potential for cost effectiveness, it is essential that their energy-transfer efficiency be maximized. A key aspect of this efficiency is the near-complete transfer of energy, or depletion, from the driver electrons to the plasma wake. Achieving full depletion is limited by the process of re-acceleration, which occurs when the driver electrons decel… ▽ More For plasma-wakefield accelerators to fulfil their potential for cost effectiveness, it is essential that their energy-transfer efficiency be maximized. A key aspect of this efficiency is the near-complete transfer of energy, or depletion, from the driver electrons to the plasma wake. Achieving full depletion is limited by the process of re-acceleration, which occurs when the driver electrons decelerate to non-relativistic energies, slipping backwards into the accelerating phase of the wakefield and being subsequently re-accelerated. Such re-acceleration is unambiguously observed here for the first time. At this re-acceleration limit, we measure a beam driver depositing (57 $\pm$ 3)\% of its energy into a 195-mm-long plasma. Combining this driver-to-plasma efficiency with previously measured plasma-to-beam and expected wall-plug-to-driver efficiencies, our result suggests that plasma-wakefield accelerators can in principle reach or even exceed the energy-transfer efficiency of conventional accelerators. △ Less

Submitted 25 July, 2024; v1 submitted 16 May, 2023; originally announced May 2023.

Comments: Manuscript: 7 pages, 4 figures; Supplementary material: 3 pages, 1 figure

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. Research 6, 043090 (2024)

A hybrid, asymmetric, linear Higgs factory based on plasma-wakefield and radio-frequency acceleration

Authors: Brian Foster, Richard D'Arcy, Carl Andreas Lindstrom

Abstract: The construction of an electron--positron collider "Higgs factory" has been stalled for a decade, not because of feasibility but because of the cost of conventional radio-frequency (RF) acceleration. Plasma-wakefield acceleration promises to alleviate this problem via significant cost reduction based on its orders-of-magnitude higher accelerating gradients. However, plasma-based acceleration of po… ▽ More The construction of an electron--positron collider "Higgs factory" has been stalled for a decade, not because of feasibility but because of the cost of conventional radio-frequency (RF) acceleration. Plasma-wakefield acceleration promises to alleviate this problem via significant cost reduction based on its orders-of-magnitude higher accelerating gradients. However, plasma-based acceleration of positrons is much more difficult than for electrons. We propose a collider scheme that avoids positron acceleration in plasma, using a mixture of beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration to high energy for the electrons and conventional RF acceleration to low energy for the positrons. We emphasise the benefits of asymmetric energies, asymmetric bunch charges and asymmetric transverse emittances. The implications for luminosity and experimentation at such an asymmetric facility are explored and found to be comparable to conventional facilities; the cost is found to be much lower. Some of the areas in which R\&D is necessary to make HALHF a reality are highlighted,including estimates for the improvement required in key technologies. These range from a factor of 10 to a factor of 1000. △ Less

Submitted 23 August, 2023; v1 submitted 17 March, 2023; originally announced March 2023.

Comments: 14 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables

Journal ref: New J. Phys. 25, 093037 (2023)

Elastic fingering in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell

Authors: Benjamin Foster, Edgar Knobloch

Abstract: We consider the steady-state fingering instability of an elastic membrane separating two fluids of different density under external pressure in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell. Both inextensible and highly extensible membranes are considered, and the role of membrane tension is detailed in each case. Both systems exhibit a centrifugally-driven Rayleigh-Taylor--like instability when the density of the in… ▽ More We consider the steady-state fingering instability of an elastic membrane separating two fluids of different density under external pressure in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell. Both inextensible and highly extensible membranes are considered, and the role of membrane tension is detailed in each case. Both systems exhibit a centrifugally-driven Rayleigh-Taylor--like instability when the density of the inner fluid exceeds that of the outer one, and this instability competes with the restoring forces arising from curvature and tension, thereby setting the finger scale. Numerical continuation is used to compute not only strongly nonlinear primary finger states up to the point of self-contact but also secondary branches of mixed modes and circumferentially localized folds as a function of the rotation rate and the externally imposed pressure. Both reflection-symmetric and symmetry-broken chiral states are computed. The results are presented in the form of bifurcation diagrams. The ratio of system scale to the natural length scale is found to determine the ordering of the primary bifurcations from the unperturbed circle state as well as the solution profiles and onset of secondary bifurcations. △ Less

Submitted 5 December, 2022; originally announced December 2022.

The International Linear Collider: Report to Snowmass 2021

Authors: Alexander Aryshev, Ties Behnke, Mikael Berggren, James Brau, Nathaniel Craig, Ayres Freitas, Frank Gaede, Spencer Gessner, Stefania Gori, Christophe Grojean, Sven Heinemeyer, Daniel Jeans, Katja Kruger, Benno List, Jenny List, Zhen Liu, Shinichiro Michizono, David W. Miller, Ian Moult, Hitoshi Murayama, Tatsuya Nakada, Emilio Nanni, Mihoko Nojiri, Hasan Padamsee, Maxim Perelstein , et al. (487 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The International Linear Collider (ILC) is on the table now as a new global energy-frontier accelerator laboratory taking data in the 2030s. The ILC addresses key questions for our current understanding of particle physics. It is based on a proven accelerator technology. Its experiments will challenge the Standard Model of particle physics and will provide a new window to look beyond it. This docu… ▽ More The International Linear Collider (ILC) is on the table now as a new global energy-frontier accelerator laboratory taking data in the 2030s. The ILC addresses key questions for our current understanding of particle physics. It is based on a proven accelerator technology. Its experiments will challenge the Standard Model of particle physics and will provide a new window to look beyond it. This document brings the story of the ILC up to date, emphasizing its strong physics motivation, its readiness for construction, and the opportunity it presents to the US and the global particle physics community. △ Less

Submitted 16 January, 2023; v1 submitted 14 March, 2022; originally announced March 2022.

Comments: 356 pages, Large pdf file (40 MB) submitted to Snowmass 2021; v2 references to Snowmass contributions added, additional authors; v3 references added, some updates, additional authors

Report number: DESY-22-045, IFT--UAM/CSIC--22-028, KEK Preprint 2021-61, PNNL-SA-160884, SLAC-PUB-17662

Recovery time of a plasma-wakefield accelerator

Authors: R. D'Arcy, J. Chappell, J. Beinortaite, S. Diederichs, G. Boyle, B. Foster, M. J. Garland, P. Gonzalez Caminal, C. A. Lindstrøm, G. Loisch, S. Schreiber, S. Schröder, R. J. Shalloo, M. Thévenet, S. Wesch, M. Wing, J. Osterhoff

Abstract: The interaction of intense particle bunches with plasma can give rise to plasma wakes capable of sustaining gigavolt-per-metre electric fields, which are orders of magnitude higher than provided by state-of-the-art radio-frequency technology. Plasma wakefields can, therefore, strongly accelerate charged particles and offer the opportunity to reach higher particle energies with smaller and hence mo… ▽ More The interaction of intense particle bunches with plasma can give rise to plasma wakes capable of sustaining gigavolt-per-metre electric fields, which are orders of magnitude higher than provided by state-of-the-art radio-frequency technology. Plasma wakefields can, therefore, strongly accelerate charged particles and offer the opportunity to reach higher particle energies with smaller and hence more widely available accelerator facilities. However, the luminosity and brilliance demands of high-energy physics and photon science require particle bunches to be accelerated at repetition rates of thousands or even millions per second, which are orders of magnitude higher than demonstrated with plasma-wakefield technology. Here we investigate the upper limit on repetition rates of beam-driven plasma accelerators by measuring the time it takes for the plasma to recover to its initial state after perturbation by a wakefield. The many-nanosecond-level recovery time measured establishes the in-principle attainability of megahertz rates of acceleration in plasmas. The experimental signatures of the perturbation are well described by simulations of a temporally evolving parabolic ion channel, transferring energy from the collapsing wake to the surrounding media. This result establishes that plasma-wakefield modules could be developed as feasible high-repetition-rate energy boosters at current and future particle-physics and photon-science facilities. △ Less

Submitted 3 March, 2022; originally announced March 2022.

Journal ref: Nature 603, 58-62 (2022)

The Straw Tracking Detector for the Fermilab Muon $g-2$ Experiment

Authors: B. T. King, T. Albahri, S. Al-Kilani, D. Allspach, D. Beckner, A. Behnke, T. J. V. Bowcock, D. Boyden, R. M. Carey, J. Carroll, B. C. K. Casey, S. Charity, R. Chislett, M. Eads, A. Epps, S. B. Foster, D. Gastler, S. Grant, T. Halewood-Leagas, K. Hardin, E. Hazen, G. Hesketh, D. J. Hollywood, T. Jones, C. Kenziora , et al. (32 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The Muon $g-2$ Experiment at Fermilab uses a gaseous straw tracking detector to make detailed measurements of the stored muon beam profile, which are essential for the experiment to achieve its uncertainty goals. Positrons from muon decays spiral inward and pass through the tracking detector before striking an electromagnetic calorimeter. The tracking detector is therefore located inside the vacuu… ▽ More The Muon $g-2$ Experiment at Fermilab uses a gaseous straw tracking detector to make detailed measurements of the stored muon beam profile, which are essential for the experiment to achieve its uncertainty goals. Positrons from muon decays spiral inward and pass through the tracking detector before striking an electromagnetic calorimeter. The tracking detector is therefore located inside the vacuum chamber in a region where the magnetic field is large and non-uniform. As such, the tracking detector must have a low leak rate to maintain a high-quality vacuum, must be non-magnetic so as not to perturb the magnetic field and, to minimize energy loss, must have a low radiation length. The performance of the tracking detector has met or surpassed the design requirements, with adequate electronic noise levels, an average straw hit resolution of $(110 \pm 20) \,μ$m, a detection efficiency of 97% or higher, and no performance degradation or signs of aging. The tracking detector's measurements result in an otherwise unachievable understanding of the muon's beam motion, particularly at early times in the experiment's measurement period when there are a significantly greater number of muons decaying. This is vital to the statistical power of the experiment, as well as facilitating the precise extraction of several systematic corrections and uncertainties. This paper describes the design, construction, testing, commissioning, and performance of the tracking detector. △ Less

Submitted 24 February, 2022; v1 submitted 3 November, 2021; originally announced November 2021.

Comments: 37 pages, 27 figures

Journal ref: 2022 JINST 17 P02035

Controlled density-downramp injection in a beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerator

Authors: Alexander Knetsch, Bridget Sheeran, Lewis Boulton, Pardis Niknejadi, Kristjan Põder, Lucas Schaper, Ming Zeng, Simon Bohlen, Gregory Boyle, Theresa Brümmer, James Chappell, Richard D'Arcy, Severin Diederichs, Brian Foster, Matthew James Garland, Pau Gonzalez Caminal, Bernhard Hidding, Vladislav Libov, Carl Andreas Lindstrøm, Alberto Martinez de la Ossa, Martin Meisel, Trupen Parikh, Bernhard Schmidt, Sarah Schröder, Gabriele Tauscher , et al. (4 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This paper describes the utilization of beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration to implement a high-quality plasma cathode via density-downramp injection in a short injector stage at the FLASHForward facility at DESY. Electron beams with charge of up to 105 pC and energy spread of a few percent were accelerated by a tunable effective accelerating field of up to 2.7 GV/m. The plasma cathode was o… ▽ More This paper describes the utilization of beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration to implement a high-quality plasma cathode via density-downramp injection in a short injector stage at the FLASHForward facility at DESY. Electron beams with charge of up to 105 pC and energy spread of a few percent were accelerated by a tunable effective accelerating field of up to 2.7 GV/m. The plasma cathode was operated drift-free with very high injection efficiency. Sources of jitter, the emittance and divergence of the resulting beam were investigated and modeled, as were strategies for performance improvements that would further increase the wide-ranging applications for a plasma cathode with the demonstrated operational stability △ Less

Submitted 10 August, 2020; v1 submitted 24 July, 2020; originally announced July 2020.

Comments: 11 pages, 9 figures

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 24, 101302 (2021)

On the quest of low temperature nitrogen infusion relevant for superconducting Nb based radio-frequency cavities

Authors: G. D. L. Semione, A. D. Pandey, S. Tober, J. Pfrommer, A. Pouilan, J. Drnec, G. Schütz, T. F. Keller, H. Noei, V. Vonk, B. Foster, A. Stierle

Abstract: A detailed study of the near-surface structure and composition of Nb, the material of choice for Superconducting Radio Frequency accelerator (SRF) cavities, is of great importance in order to understand the effects of different treatments applied during cavity production. By means of surface-sensitive techniques such as grazing incidence diffuse X-ray scattering, X-ray reflectivity and X-ray photo… ▽ More A detailed study of the near-surface structure and composition of Nb, the material of choice for Superconducting Radio Frequency accelerator (SRF) cavities, is of great importance in order to understand the effects of different treatments applied during cavity production. By means of surface-sensitive techniques such as grazing incidence diffuse X-ray scattering, X-ray reflectivity and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, single-crystalline Nb(100) samples were investigated in and ex-situ during annealing in UHV as well as in nitrogen atmospheres with temperatures and pressures similar to the ones employed in real Nb cavity treatments. Annealing of Nb specimens up to 800°C in vacuum promotes partial reduction of the natural surface oxides (Nb2O5, NbO2, NbO) into NbO. Upon cooling to 120°C, no evidence of nitrogen-rich layers was detected after nitrogen exposure times of up to 48 hours. Oxygen enrichment below the Nb/oxide interface and posterior diffusion of oxygen species towards the Nb matrix, along with a partial reduction of the natural surface oxides was observed upon a stepwise annealing up to 250°C. Nitrogen introduction to the system at 250°C neither promotes N diffusion into the Nb matrix nor the formation of new surface layers. Upon further heating to 500°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, the growth of a new subsurface Nb$_x$N$_y$ layer was detected. These results shed light on the composition of the near-surface region of Nb after low-temperature nitrogen treatments, which are reported to lead to a performance enhancement of SRF cavities. △ Less

Submitted 27 June, 2019; originally announced June 2019.

Comments: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, to be submitted to PRB

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 22, 103102 (2019)

FLASHForward: Plasma-wakefield accelerator science for high-average-power applications

Authors: R. D'Arcy, A. Aschikhin, S. Bohlen, G. Boyle, T. Brümmer, J. Chappell, S. Diederichs, B. Foster, M. J. Garland, L. Goldberg, P. Gonzalez, S. Karstensen, A. Knetsch, P. Kuang, V. Libov, K. Ludwig, A. Martinez de la Ossa, F. Marutzky, M. Meisel, T. J. Mehrling, P. Niknejadi, K. Poder, P. Pourmoussavi, M. Quast, J. -H. Röckemann , et al. (11 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The FLASHForward experimental facility is a high-performance test-bed for precision plasma-wakefield research, aiming to accelerate high-quality electron beams to GeV-levels in a few centimetres of ionised gas. The plasma is created by ionising gas in a gas cell either by a high-voltage discharge or a high-intensity laser pulse. The electrons to be accelerated will either be injected internally fr… ▽ More The FLASHForward experimental facility is a high-performance test-bed for precision plasma-wakefield research, aiming to accelerate high-quality electron beams to GeV-levels in a few centimetres of ionised gas. The plasma is created by ionising gas in a gas cell either by a high-voltage discharge or a high-intensity laser pulse. The electrons to be accelerated will either be injected internally from the plasma background or externally from the FLASH superconducting RF front end. In both cases the wakefield will be driven by electron beams provided by the FLASH gun and linac modules operating with a 10 Hz macro-pulse structure, generating 1.25 GeV, 1 nC electron bunches at up to 3 MHz micro-pulse repetition rates. At full capacity, this FLASH bunch-train structure corresponds to 30 kW of average power, orders of magnitude higher than drivers available to other state-of-the-art LWFA and PWFA experiments. This high-power functionality means FLASHForward is the only plasma-wakefield facility in the world with the immediate capability to develop, explore, and benchmark high-average-power plasma-wakefield research essential for next-generation facilities. The operational parameters and technical highlights of the experiment are discussed, as well as the scientific goals and high-average-power outlook. △ Less

Submitted 9 May, 2019; originally announced May 2019.

The International Linear Collider: A Global Project

Authors: Philip Bambade, Tim Barklow, Ties Behnke, Mikael Berggren, James Brau, Philip Burrows, Dmitri Denisov, Angeles Faus-Golfe, Brian Foster, Keisuke Fujii, Juan Fuster, Frank Gaede, Paul Grannis, Christophe Grojean, Andrew Hutton, Benno List, Jenny List, Shinichiro Michizono, Akiya Miyamoto, Olivier Napoly, Michael Peskin, Roman Poeschl, Frank Simon, Jan Strube, Junping Tian , et al. (7 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The International Linear Collider (ILC) is now under consideration as the next global project in particle physics. In this report, we review of all aspects of the ILC program: the physics motivation, the accelerator design, the run plan, the proposed detectors, the experimental measurements on the Higgs boson, the top quark, the couplings of the W and Z bosons, and searches for new particles. We r… ▽ More The International Linear Collider (ILC) is now under consideration as the next global project in particle physics. In this report, we review of all aspects of the ILC program: the physics motivation, the accelerator design, the run plan, the proposed detectors, the experimental measurements on the Higgs boson, the top quark, the couplings of the W and Z bosons, and searches for new particles. We review the important role that polarized beams play in the ILC program. The first stage of the ILC is planned to be a Higgs factory at 250 GeV in the centre of mass. Energy upgrades can naturally be implemented based on the concept of a linear collider. We discuss in detail the ILC program of Higgs boson measurements and the expected precision in the determination of Higgs couplings. We compare the ILC capabilities to those of the HL-LHC and to those of other proposed e+e- Higgs factories. We emphasize throughout that the readiness of the accelerator and the estimates of ILC performance are based on detailed simulations backed by extensive RandD and, for the accelerator technology, operational experience. △ Less

Submitted 5 April, 2019; v1 submitted 4 March, 2019; originally announced March 2019.

Comments: 104 pages, 88 figures; v2: minor typo corrections; v3: many minor changes, including small corrections to the Tables and Figures in Section 11

Report number: DESY 19-037, FERMILAB-FN-1067-PPD, IFIC/19-10, IRFU-19-10, JLAB-PHY-19-2854, KEK Preprint 2018-92, LAL/RT 19-001, PNNL-SA-142168, SLAC-PUB-17412

The International Linear Collider. A Global Project

Authors: Hiroaki Aihara, Jonathan Bagger, Philip Bambade, Barry Barish, Ties Behnke, Alain Bellerive, Mikael Berggren, James Brau, Martin Breidenbach, Ivanka Bozovic-Jelisavcic, Philip Burrows, Massimo Caccia, Paul Colas, Dmitri Denisov, Gerald Eigen, Lyn Evans, Angeles Faus-Golfe, Brian Foster, Keisuke Fujii, Juan Fuster, Frank Gaede, Jie Gao, Paul Grannis, Christophe Grojean, Andrew Hutton , et al. (37 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: A large, world-wide community of physicists is working to realise an exceptional physics program of energy-frontier, electron-positron collisions with the International Linear Collider (ILC). This program will begin with a central focus on high-precision and model-independent measurements of the Higgs boson couplings. This method of searching for new physics beyond the Standard Model is orthogonal… ▽ More A large, world-wide community of physicists is working to realise an exceptional physics program of energy-frontier, electron-positron collisions with the International Linear Collider (ILC). This program will begin with a central focus on high-precision and model-independent measurements of the Higgs boson couplings. This method of searching for new physics beyond the Standard Model is orthogonal to and complements the LHC physics program. The ILC at 250 GeV will also search for direct new physics in exotic Higgs decays and in pair-production of weakly interacting particles. Polarised electron and positron beams add unique opportunities to the physics reach. The ILC can be upgraded to higher energy, enabling precision studies of the top quark and measurement of the top Yukawa coupling and the Higgs self-coupling. The key accelerator technology, superconducting radio-frequency cavities, has matured. Optimised collider and detector designs, and associated physics analyses, were presented in the ILC Technical Design Report, signed by 2400 scientists. There is a strong interest in Japan to host this international effort. A detailed review of the many aspects of the project is nearing a conclusion in Japan. Now the Japanese government is preparing for a decision on the next phase of international negotiations, that could lead to a project start within a few years. The potential timeline of the ILC project includes an initial phase of about 4 years to obtain international agreements, complete engineering design and prepare construction, and form the requisite international collaboration, followed by a construction phase of 9 years. △ Less

Submitted 28 January, 2019; originally announced January 2019.

The International Linear Collider. A European Perspective

Authors: Philip Bambade, Ties Behnke, Mikael Berggren, Ivanka Bozovic-Jelisavcic, Philip Burrows, Massimo Caccia, Paul Colas, Gerald Eigen, Lyn Evans, Angeles Faus-Golfe, Brian Foster, Juan Fuster, Frank Gaede, Christophe Grojean, Marek Idzik, Andrea Jeremie, Tadeusz Lesiak, Aharon Levy, Benno List, Jenny List, Joachim Mnich, Olivier Napoly, Carlo Pagani, Roman Poeschl, Francois Richard , et al. (9 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The International Linear Collider (ILC) being proposed in Japan is an electron-positron linear collider with an initial energy of 250 GeV. The ILC accelerator is based on the technology of superconducting radio-frequency cavities. This technology has reached a mature stage in the European XFEL project and is now widely used. The ILC will start by measuring the Higgs properties, providing high-prec… ▽ More The International Linear Collider (ILC) being proposed in Japan is an electron-positron linear collider with an initial energy of 250 GeV. The ILC accelerator is based on the technology of superconducting radio-frequency cavities. This technology has reached a mature stage in the European XFEL project and is now widely used. The ILC will start by measuring the Higgs properties, providing high-precision and model-independent determinations of its parameters. The ILC at 250 GeV will also search for direct new physics in exotic Higgs decays and in pair-production of weakly interacting particles. The use of polarised electron and positron beams opens new capabilities and scenarios that add to the physics reach. The ILC can be upgraded to higher energy, enabling precision studies of the top quark and measurement of the top Yukawa coupling and the Higgs self-coupling. The international -- including European -- interest for the project is very strong. Europe has participated in the ILC project since its early conception and plays a major role in its present development covering most of its scientific and technological aspects: physics studies, accelerator and detectors. The potential for a wide participation of European groups and laboratories is thus high, including important opportunities for European industry. Following decades of technical development, R&D, and design optimisation, the project is ready for construction and the European particle physics community, technological centers and industry are prepared to participate in this challenging endeavour. △ Less

Submitted 28 January, 2019; originally announced January 2019.

The FLASHForward Facility at DESY

Authors: A. Aschikhin, C. Behrens, S. Bohlen, J. Dale, N. Delbos, L. di Lucchio, E. Elsen, J. -H. Erbe, M. Felber, B. Foster, L. Goldberg, J. Grebenyuk, J. -N. Gruse, B. Hidding, Zhanghu Hu, S. Karstensen, A. Knetsch, O. Kononenko, V. Libov, K. Ludwig, A. R. Maier, A. Martinez de la Ossa, T. Mehrling, C. A. J. Palmer, F. Pannek , et al. (13 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The FLASHForward project at DESY is a pioneering plasma-wakefield acceleration experiment that aims to produce, in a few centimetres of ionised hydrogen, beams with energy of order GeV that are of quality sufficient to be used in a free-electron laser. The plasma wave will be driven by high-current density electron beams from the FLASH linear accelerator and will explore both external and internal… ▽ More The FLASHForward project at DESY is a pioneering plasma-wakefield acceleration experiment that aims to produce, in a few centimetres of ionised hydrogen, beams with energy of order GeV that are of quality sufficient to be used in a free-electron laser. The plasma wave will be driven by high-current density electron beams from the FLASH linear accelerator and will explore both external and internal witness-beam injection techniques. The plasma is created by ionising a gas in a gas cell with a multi-TW laser system, which can also be used to provide optical diagnostics of the plasma and electron beams due to the <30 fs synchronisation between the laser and the driving electron beam. The operation parameters of the experiment are discussed, as well as the scientific program. △ Less

Submitted 18 August, 2015; v1 submitted 13 August, 2015; originally announced August 2015.

Comments: 19 pages, 9 figures

Report number: DESY 15-143

The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report - Volume 3.I: Accelerator R&D in the Technical Design Phase

Authors: Chris Adolphsen, Maura Barone, Barry Barish, Karsten Buesser, Philip Burrows, John Carwardine, Jeffrey Clark, Hélène Mainaud Durand, Gerry Dugan, Eckhard Elsen, Atsushi Enomoto, Brian Foster, Shigeki Fukuda, Wei Gai, Martin Gastal, Rongli Geng, Camille Ginsburg, Susanna Guiducci, Mike Harrison, Hitoshi Hayano, Keith Kershaw, Kiyoshi Kubo, Victor Kuchler, Benno List, Wanming Liu , et al. (19 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the… ▽ More The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the Z0 pole. A comprehensive value estimate of the accelerator is give, together with associated uncertainties. It is shown that no significant technical issues remain to be solved. Once a site is selected and the necessary site-dependent engineering is carried out, construction can begin immediately. The TDR also gives baseline documentation for two high-performance detectors that can share the ILC luminosity by being moved into and out of the beam line in a "push-pull" configuration. These detectors, ILD and SiD, are described in detail. They form the basis for a world-class experimental programme that promises to increase significantly our understanding of the fundamental processes that govern the evolution of the Universe. △ Less

Submitted 26 June, 2013; originally announced June 2013.

Comments: See also http://www.linearcollider.org/ILC/TDR . The full list of signatories is inside the Report

Report number: ILC-REPORT-2013-040; ANL-HEP-TR-13-20; BNL-100603-2013-IR; IRFU-13-59; CERN-ATS-2013-037; Cockcroft-13-10; CLNS 13/2085; DESY 13-062; FERMILAB TM-2554; IHEP-AC-ILC-2013-001; INFN-13-04/LNF; JAI-2013-001; JINR E9-2013-35; JLAB-R-2013-01; KEK Report 2013-1; KNU/CHEP-ILC-2013-1; LLNL-TR-635539; SLAC-R-1004; ILC-HiGrade-Report-2013-003

The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report - Volume 3.II: Accelerator Baseline Design

Authors: Chris Adolphsen, Maura Barone, Barry Barish, Karsten Buesser, Philip Burrows, John Carwardine, Jeffrey Clark, Hélène Mainaud Durand, Gerry Dugan, Eckhard Elsen, Atsushi Enomoto, Brian Foster, Shigeki Fukuda, Wei Gai, Martin Gastal, Rongli Geng, Camille Ginsburg, Susanna Guiducci, Mike Harrison, Hitoshi Hayano, Keith Kershaw, Kiyoshi Kubo, Victor Kuchler, Benno List, Wanming Liu , et al. (19 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the… ▽ More The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the Z0 pole. A comprehensive value estimate of the accelerator is give, together with associated uncertainties. It is shown that no significant technical issues remain to be solved. Once a site is selected and the necessary site-dependent engineering is carried out, construction can begin immediately. The TDR also gives baseline documentation for two high-performance detectors that can share the ILC luminosity by being moved into and out of the beam line in a "push-pull" configuration. These detectors, ILD and SiD, are described in detail. They form the basis for a world-class experimental programme that promises to increase significantly our understanding of the fundamental processes that govern the evolution of the Universe. △ Less

Submitted 26 June, 2013; originally announced June 2013.

Comments: See also http://www.linearcollider.org/ILC/TDR . The full list of signatories is inside the Report

Report number: ILC-REPORT-2013-040; ANL-HEP-TR-13-20; BNL-100603-2013-IR; IRFU-13-59; CERN-ATS-2013-037; Cockcroft-13-10; CLNS 13/2085; DESY 13-062; FERMILAB TM-2554; IHEP-AC-ILC-2013-001; INFN-13-04/LNF; JAI-2013-001; JINR E9-2013-35; JLAB-R-2013-01; KEK Report 2013-1; KNU/CHEP-ILC-2013-1; LLNL-TR-635539; SLAC-R-1004; ILC-HiGrade-Report-2013-003

The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report - Volume 1: Executive Summary

Authors: Ties Behnke, James E. Brau, Brian Foster, Juan Fuster, Mike Harrison, James McEwan Paterson, Michael Peskin, Marcel Stanitzki, Nicholas Walker, Hitoshi Yamamoto

Abstract: The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the… ▽ More The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the Z0 pole. A comprehensive value estimate of the accelerator is give, together with associated uncertainties. It is shown that no significant technical issues remain to be solved. Once a site is selected and the necessary site-dependent engineering is carried out, construction can begin immediately. The TDR also gives baseline documentation for two high-performance detectors that can share the ILC luminosity by being moved into and out of the beam line in a "push-pull" configuration. These detectors, ILD and SiD, are described in detail. They form the basis for a world-class experimental programme that promises to increase significantly our understanding of the fundamental processes that govern the evolution of the Universe. △ Less

Submitted 26 June, 2013; originally announced June 2013.

Comments: See also http://www.linearcollider.org/ILC/TDR . The full list of contributing institutes is inside the Report

Report number: ILC-REPORT-2013-040; ANL-HEP-TR-13-20; BNL-100603-2013-IR; IRFU-13-59; CERN-ATS-2013-037; Cockcroft-13-10; CLNS 13/2085; DESY 13-062; FERMILAB TM-2554; IHEP-AC-ILC-2013-001; INFN-13-04/LNF; JAI-2013-001; JINR E9-2013-35; JLAB-R-2013-01; KEK Report 2013-1; KNU/CHEP-ILC-2013-1; LLNL-TR-635539; SLAC-R-1004; ILC-HiGrade-Report-2013-003

The LCFIVertex package: vertexing, flavour tagging and vertex charge reconstruction with an ILC vertex detector

Authors: LCFI Collaboration, David Bailey, Erik Devetak, Mark Grimes, Kristian Harder, Sonja Hillert, David Jackson, Talini Pinto Jayawardena, Ben Jeffery, Tomas Lastovicka, Clare Lynch, Victoria Martin, Roberval Walsh, Phil Allport, Yambazi Banda, Craig Buttar, Alexandre Cheplakov, David Cussans, Chris Damerell, Nicolo de Groot, Johan Fopma, Brian Foster, Senerath Galagedera, Rui Gao, Anthony Gillman , et al. (36 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The precision measurements envisaged at the International Linear Collider (ILC) depend on excellent instrumentation and reconstruction software. The correct identification of heavy flavour jets, placing unprecedented requirements on the quality of the vertex detector, will be central for the ILC programme. This paper describes the LCFIVertex software, which provides tools for vertex finding and… ▽ More The precision measurements envisaged at the International Linear Collider (ILC) depend on excellent instrumentation and reconstruction software. The correct identification of heavy flavour jets, placing unprecedented requirements on the quality of the vertex detector, will be central for the ILC programme. This paper describes the LCFIVertex software, which provides tools for vertex finding and for identification of the flavour and charge of the leading hadron in heavy flavour jets. These tools are essential for the ongoing optimisation of the vertex detector design for linear colliders such as the ILC. The paper describes the algorithms implemented in the LCFIVertex package, as well as the scope of the code and its performance for a typical vertex detector design. △ Less

Submitted 20 August, 2009; originally announced August 2009.

Comments: 40 pages, accepted by NIM A

Journal ref: Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A610:573-589,2009