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The LHCb upgrade I
Authors:
LHCb collaboration,
R. Aaij,
A. S. W. Abdelmotteleb,
C. Abellan Beteta,
F. Abudinén,
C. Achard,
T. Ackernley,
B. Adeva,
M. Adinolfi,
P. Adlarson,
H. Afsharnia,
C. Agapopoulou,
C. A. Aidala,
Z. Ajaltouni,
S. Akar,
K. Akiba,
P. Albicocco,
J. Albrecht,
F. Alessio,
M. Alexander,
A. Alfonso Albero,
Z. Aliouche,
P. Alvarez Cartelle,
R. Amalric,
S. Amato
, et al. (1298 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The LHCb upgrade represents a major change of the experiment. The detectors have been almost completely renewed to allow running at an instantaneous luminosity five times larger than that of the previous running periods. Readout of all detectors into an all-software trigger is central to the new design, facilitating the reconstruction of events at the maximum LHC interaction rate, and their select…
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The LHCb upgrade represents a major change of the experiment. The detectors have been almost completely renewed to allow running at an instantaneous luminosity five times larger than that of the previous running periods. Readout of all detectors into an all-software trigger is central to the new design, facilitating the reconstruction of events at the maximum LHC interaction rate, and their selection in real time. The experiment's tracking system has been completely upgraded with a new pixel vertex detector, a silicon tracker upstream of the dipole magnet and three scintillating fibre tracking stations downstream of the magnet. The whole photon detection system of the RICH detectors has been renewed and the readout electronics of the calorimeter and muon systems have been fully overhauled. The first stage of the all-software trigger is implemented on a GPU farm. The output of the trigger provides a combination of totally reconstructed physics objects, such as tracks and vertices, ready for final analysis, and of entire events which need further offline reprocessing. This scheme required a complete revision of the computing model and rewriting of the experiment's software.
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Submitted 10 September, 2024; v1 submitted 17 May, 2023;
originally announced May 2023.
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The HDvent Emergency Ventilator System
Authors:
David Grimshandl,
Manuel Gerken,
Eleonora Lippi,
Binh Tran,
Saba Zia Hassan,
Jan Hendrik Becher,
Selim Jochim,
Matthias Weidemüller,
Gunnar Föhner,
Steffen Brucker,
Frank Schumacher,
Wolfgang Beldermann,
Venelin Angelov,
Stefan Hetzel,
Stefan Hummel,
Simon Muley,
Bernd Windelband,
Christoph Eisner,
Marco Zugaj,
Philipp Bayer,
Dario Ernst,
Marcel Gehrlein,
Helmut Jacob,
Jens Pfeifle,
Andreas Treskatsch
, et al. (2 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected countries all across the world, heavily burdening the medical infrastructure with the growing number of patients affected by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). With ventilators in limited supply, this public health emergency highlights the need for safe, fast, reliable, and economical alternatives to…
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The pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected countries all across the world, heavily burdening the medical infrastructure with the growing number of patients affected by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). With ventilators in limited supply, this public health emergency highlights the need for safe, fast, reliable, and economical alternatives to high-end commercial devices and has prompted the development of easy-to-use and mass-producible ventilators. Here, we detail the design of the HDvent Emergency Ventilator System. The device performs ventilation through mechanical compression of manual resuscitators and includes control electronics, flow and pressure sensors, and an external data visualization and monitoring unit. We demonstrate its suitability for open loop, pressure- and volume-controlled ventilation. The system has not undergone clinical testing and has not been approved for use as a medical device. The project documentation needed to reproduce the prototype is freely available and will contribute to the development of open source ventilation systems.
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Submitted 23 December, 2020;
originally announced December 2020.
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The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout
Authors:
J. Adolfsson,
M. Ahmed,
S. Aiola,
J. Alme,
T. Alt,
W. Amend,
F. Anastasopoulos,
C. Andrei,
M. Angelsmark,
V. Anguelov,
A. Anjam,
H. Appelshäuser,
V. Aprodu,
O. Arnold,
M. Arslandok,
D. Baitinger,
M. Ball,
G. G. Barnaföldi,
E. Bartsch,
P. Becht,
R. Bellwied,
A. Berdnikova,
M. Berger,
N. Bialas,
P. Bialas
, et al. (210 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous re…
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The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous readout electronics based on the SAMPA chip, an ALICE development, are replacing the previous elements. The construction of these new elements, together with their associated quality control procedures, is explained in detail. Finally, the readout chamber and front-end electronics cards replacement, together with the commissioning of the detector prior to installation in the experimental cavern, are presented. After a nine-year period of R&D, construction, and assembly, the upgrade of the TPC was completed in 2020.
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Submitted 25 March, 2021; v1 submitted 17 December, 2020;
originally announced December 2020.
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Technical design of the phase I Mu3e experiment
Authors:
K. Arndt,
H. Augustin,
P. Baesso,
N. Berger,
F. Berg,
C. Betancourt,
D. Bortoletto,
A. Bravar,
K. Briggl,
D. vom Bruch,
A. Buonaura,
F. Cadoux,
C. Chavez Barajas,
H. Chen,
K. Clark,
P. Cooke,
S. Corrodi,
A. Damyanova,
Y. Demets,
S. Dittmeier,
P. Eckert,
F. Ehrler,
D. Fahrni,
S. Gagneur,
L. Gerritzen
, et al. (80 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The Mu3e experiment aims to find or exclude the lepton flavour violating decay $μ\rightarrow eee$ at branching fractions above $10^{-16}$. A first phase of the experiment using an existing beamline at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) is designed to reach a single event sensitivity of $2\cdot 10^{-15}$. We present an overview of all aspects of the technical design and expected performance of the p…
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The Mu3e experiment aims to find or exclude the lepton flavour violating decay $μ\rightarrow eee$ at branching fractions above $10^{-16}$. A first phase of the experiment using an existing beamline at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) is designed to reach a single event sensitivity of $2\cdot 10^{-15}$. We present an overview of all aspects of the technical design and expected performance of the phase~I Mu3e detector. The high rate of up to $10^{8}$ muon decays per second and the low momenta of the decay electrons and positrons pose a unique set of challenges, which we tackle using an ultra thin tracking detector based on high-voltage monolithic active pixel sensors combined with scintillating fibres and tiles for precise timing measurements.
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Submitted 26 August, 2021; v1 submitted 24 September, 2020;
originally announced September 2020.