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Characterization of the 20-inch Photomultiplier Tubes for RENE Detector
Authors:
Junkyo Oh,
Byeongsu Yang,
Cheong Heo,
Daeun Jung,
Dong Ho Moon,
Eungyu Yun,
Hyun Woo Park,
Jae Sik Lee,
Jisu Park,
Ji Young Choi,
Kyung Kwang Joo,
Ryeong Gyoon Park,
Sang Yong Kim,
Sunkyu Lee,
Insung Yeo,
Myoung Youl Pac,
Jee-Seung Jang,
Eun-Joo Kim,
Hyunho Hwang,
Junghwan Goh,
Wonsang Hwang,
Jiwon Ryu,
Jungsic Park,
Kyu Jung Bae,
SeoBeom Hong
, et al. (8 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
To address the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly (RAA) observed in neutrino experiments, the Reactor Experiment for Neutrino and Exotics (RENE) has been initiated using a liquid scintillation detector. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of two 20-inch Hamamatsu R12860 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) intended for installation in the RENE detector. The charge and timing responses of the PMTs…
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To address the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly (RAA) observed in neutrino experiments, the Reactor Experiment for Neutrino and Exotics (RENE) has been initiated using a liquid scintillation detector. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of two 20-inch Hamamatsu R12860 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) intended for installation in the RENE detector. The charge and timing responses of the PMTs were evaluated at both the nominal and target gains expected during actual operation. In particular, gain non-uniformity arising from the large-diameter photocathode with a box-and-line type dynode structure was examined, and the maximum gain variation was measured. The occurrence rate, timing, and charge distributions of late pulses and afterpulses were also investigated to characterize the specific response features of the R12860 PMT. The results reported in this study will aid in the interpretation of signals from the RENE detector and serve as a reference for estimating potential systematic uncertainties in RENE data. Furthermore, these findings are expected to provide valuable information for other experiments employing the same type of PMTs.
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Submitted 13 April, 2026;
originally announced April 2026.
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MuCol Milestone Report No. 7: Consolidated Parameters
Authors:
Rebecca Taylor,
Antoine Chancé,
Dario Augusto Giove,
Natalia Milas,
Roberto Losito,
Donatella Lucchesi,
Chris Rogers,
Lucio Rossi,
Daniel Schulte,
Carlotta Accettura,
Simon Adrian,
Rohit Agarwal,
Claudia Ahdida,
Chiara Aime,
Avni Aksoy,
Gian Luigi Alberghi,
Simon Albright,
Siobhan Alden,
Luca Alfonso,
Muhammad Ali,
Anna Rita Altamura,
Nicola Amapane,
Kathleen Amm,
David Amorim,
Paolo Andreetto
, et al. (437 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This document is comprised of a collection of consolidated parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. These consolidated parameters follow on from the October 2024 Preliminary Parameters Report. Attention has been given to a high-level consistent set of baseline parameters throughout all systems of the complex, following a 10 TeV center-of-mass design. Additional details of the designs con…
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This document is comprised of a collection of consolidated parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. These consolidated parameters follow on from the October 2024 Preliminary Parameters Report. Attention has been given to a high-level consistent set of baseline parameters throughout all systems of the complex, following a 10 TeV center-of-mass design. Additional details of the designs contributing to this baseline design are featured in the appendix. Likewise, explorative variations from this baseline set can be found in the appendix. The data is collected from a collaborative spreadsheet and transferred to overleaf.
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Submitted 31 October, 2025;
originally announced October 2025.
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RENE experiment for the sterile neutrino search using reactor neutrinos
Authors:
Byeongsu Yang,
Da Eun Jung,
Dong Ho Moon,
Eungyu Yun,
HyeonWoo Park,
Jae Sik Lee,
Jisu Park,
Ji Young Choi,
Junkyo Oh,
Kyung Kwang Joo,
Ryeong Gyoon Park,
Sang Yong Kim,
Sunkyu Lee,
Insung Yeo,
Myoung Youl Pac,
Jee-Seung Jang,
Eun-Joo Kim,
Hyunho Hwang,
Junghwan Goh,
Wonsang Hwang,
Jiwon Ryu,
Jungsic Park,
Kyu Jung Bae,
Mingi Choe,
SeoBeom Hong
, et al. (9 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This paper summarizes the details of the Reactor Experiment for Neutrinos and Exotics (RENE) experiment. It covers the detector construction, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study, and physics expectations. The primary goal of the RENE project is to investigate the sterile neutrino oscillation at $Δ{m}^{2}_{41}\sim 2\,{\rm{eV}^{2}}$. which overlap with the allowed region predicted by the Reactor Antin…
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This paper summarizes the details of the Reactor Experiment for Neutrinos and Exotics (RENE) experiment. It covers the detector construction, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study, and physics expectations. The primary goal of the RENE project is to investigate the sterile neutrino oscillation at $Δ{m}^{2}_{41}\sim 2\,{\rm{eV}^{2}}$. which overlap with the allowed region predicted by the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly (RAA). On the other hand, the STEREO and PROSPECT experiments have excluded certain regions of the parameter space with 95 \% confidence level (C.L.), while the joint study conducted by RENO and NEOS suggests possible indications of sterile neutrinos at $Δ{m}^{2}_{41}\sim2.4\,{\rm{eV}^{2}}$ and $\sim{1.7}{\,\rm{eV}^{2}}$ with sin$^{2}θ_{41} < 0.01$. Accordingly, a more meticulous investigation of these remaining regions continues to be a scientifically valuable endeavor. This paper reports the technical details of the detector and physics objectives.
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Submitted 30 July, 2025;
originally announced July 2025.
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The Muon Collider
Authors:
Carlotta Accettura,
Simon Adrian,
Rohit Agarwal,
Claudia Ahdida,
Chiara Aime',
Avni Aksoy,
Gian Luigi Alberghi,
Siobhan Alden,
Luca Alfonso,
Muhammad Ali,
Anna Rita Altamura,
Nicola Amapane,
Kathleen Amm,
David Amorim,
Paolo Andreetto,
Fabio Anulli,
Ludovica Aperio Bella,
Rob Appleby,
Artur Apresyan,
Pouya Asadi,
Mohammed Attia Mahmoud,
Bernhard Auchmann,
John Back,
Anthony Badea,
Kyu Jung Bae
, et al. (433 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Muons offer a unique opportunity to build a compact high-energy electroweak collider at the 10 TeV scale. A Muon Collider enables direct access to the underlying simplicity of the Standard Model and unparalleled reach beyond it. It will be a paradigm-shifting tool for particle physics representing the first collider to combine the high-energy reach of a proton collider and the high precision of an…
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Muons offer a unique opportunity to build a compact high-energy electroweak collider at the 10 TeV scale. A Muon Collider enables direct access to the underlying simplicity of the Standard Model and unparalleled reach beyond it. It will be a paradigm-shifting tool for particle physics representing the first collider to combine the high-energy reach of a proton collider and the high precision of an electron-positron collider, yielding a physics potential significantly greater than the sum of its individual parts. A high-energy muon collider is the natural next step in the exploration of fundamental physics after the HL-LHC and a natural complement to a future low-energy Higgs factory. Such a facility would significantly broaden the scope of particle colliders, engaging the many frontiers of the high energy community.
The last European Strategy for Particle Physics Update and later the Particle Physics Project Prioritisation Panel in the US requested a study of the muon collider, which is being carried on by the International Muon Collider Collaboration. In this comprehensive document we present the physics case, the state of the work on accelerator design and technology, and propose an R\&D project that can make the muon collider a reality.
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Submitted 30 April, 2025;
originally announced April 2025.
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MuCol Milestone Report No. 5: Preliminary Parameters
Authors:
Carlotta Accettura,
Simon Adrian,
Rohit Agarwal,
Claudia Ahdida,
Chiara Aimé,
Avni Aksoy,
Gian Luigi Alberghi,
Siobhan Alden,
Luca Alfonso,
Nicola Amapane,
David Amorim,
Paolo Andreetto,
Fabio Anulli,
Rob Appleby,
Artur Apresyan,
Pouya Asadi,
Mohammed Attia Mahmoud,
Bernhard Auchmann,
John Back,
Anthony Badea,
Kyu Jung Bae,
E. J. Bahng,
Lorenzo Balconi,
Fabrice Balli,
Laura Bandiera
, et al. (369 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This document is comprised of a collection of updated preliminary parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. The updated preliminary parameters follow on from the October 2023 Tentative Parameters Report. Particular attention has been given to regions of the facility that are believed to hold greater technical uncertainty in their design and that have a strong impact on the cost and power…
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This document is comprised of a collection of updated preliminary parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. The updated preliminary parameters follow on from the October 2023 Tentative Parameters Report. Particular attention has been given to regions of the facility that are believed to hold greater technical uncertainty in their design and that have a strong impact on the cost and power consumption of the facility. The data is collected from a collaborative spreadsheet and transferred to overleaf.
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Submitted 5 November, 2024;
originally announced November 2024.
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Interim report for the International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC)
Authors:
C. Accettura,
S. Adrian,
R. Agarwal,
C. Ahdida,
C. Aimé,
A. Aksoy,
G. L. Alberghi,
S. Alden,
N. Amapane,
D. Amorim,
P. Andreetto,
F. Anulli,
R. Appleby,
A. Apresyan,
P. Asadi,
M. Attia Mahmoud,
B. Auchmann,
J. Back,
A. Badea,
K. J. Bae,
E. J. Bahng,
L. Balconi,
F. Balli,
L. Bandiera,
C. Barbagallo
, et al. (362 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) [1] was established in 2020 following the recommendations of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) and the implementation of the European Strategy for Particle Physics-Accelerator R&D Roadmap by the Laboratory Directors Group [2], hereinafter referred to as the the European LDG roadmap. The Muon Collider Study (MuC) covers the accele…
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The International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) [1] was established in 2020 following the recommendations of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) and the implementation of the European Strategy for Particle Physics-Accelerator R&D Roadmap by the Laboratory Directors Group [2], hereinafter referred to as the the European LDG roadmap. The Muon Collider Study (MuC) covers the accelerator complex, detectors and physics for a future muon collider. In 2023, European Commission support was obtained for a design study of a muon collider (MuCol) [3]. This project started on 1st March 2023, with work-packages aligned with the overall muon collider studies. In preparation of and during the 2021-22 U.S. Snowmass process, the muon collider project parameters, technical studies and physics performance studies were performed and presented in great detail. Recently, the P5 panel [4] in the U.S. recommended a muon collider R&D, proposed to join the IMCC and envisages that the U.S. should prepare to host a muon collider, calling this their "muon shot". In the past, the U.S. Muon Accelerator Programme (MAP) [5] has been instrumental in studies of concepts and technologies for a muon collider.
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Submitted 28 January, 2025; v1 submitted 17 July, 2024;
originally announced July 2024.