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Supernova Model Discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande Collaboration,
:,
K. Abe,
P. Adrich,
H. Aihara,
R. Akutsu,
I. Alekseev,
A. Ali,
F. Ameli,
I. Anghel,
L. H. V. Anthony,
M. Antonova,
A. Araya,
Y. Asaoka,
Y. Ashida,
V. Aushev,
F. Ballester,
I. Bandac,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak,
M. Bellato,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin
, et al. (478 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. They produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants -- neutron stars and black holes -- are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. However, despite millennia of observations and almost a century of astrophysical study, the explosion mechanism of core-colla…
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Core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. They produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants -- neutron stars and black holes -- are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. However, despite millennia of observations and almost a century of astrophysical study, the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is not yet well understood. Hyper-Kamiokande is a next-generation neutrino detector that will be able to observe the neutrino flux from the next galactic core-collapse supernova in unprecedented detail. We focus on the first 500 ms of the neutrino burst, corresponding to the accretion phase, and use a newly-developed, high-precision supernova event generator to simulate Hyper-Kamiokande's response to five different supernova models. We show that Hyper-Kamiokande will be able to distinguish between these models with high accuracy for a supernova at a distance of up to 100 kpc. Once the next galactic supernova happens, this ability will be a powerful tool for guiding simulations towards a precise reproduction of the explosion mechanism observed in nature.
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Submitted 20 July, 2021; v1 submitted 13 January, 2021;
originally announced January 2021.
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The Mini-CAPTAIN Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber
Authors:
CAPTAIN Collaboration,
C. E. Taylor,
B. Bhandari,
J. Bian,
K. Bilton,
C. Callahan,
J. Chaves,
H. Chen,
D. Cline,
R. L. Cooper,
D. L. Danielson,
J. Danielson,
N. Dokania,
S. Elliot,
S. Fernandes,
S. Gardiner,
G. Garvey,
V. Gehman,
F. Giuliani,
S. Glavin,
M. Gold,
C. Grant,
E. Guardincerri,
T. Haines,
A. Higuera
, et al. (51 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This manuscript describes the commissioning of the Mini-CAPTAIN liquid argon detector in a neutron beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), which led to a first measurement of high-energy neutron interactions in argon. The Mini-CAPTAIN detector consists of a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with an accompanying photomultiplier tube (PMT) array sealed inside a liquid-argon-filled cryost…
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This manuscript describes the commissioning of the Mini-CAPTAIN liquid argon detector in a neutron beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), which led to a first measurement of high-energy neutron interactions in argon. The Mini-CAPTAIN detector consists of a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with an accompanying photomultiplier tube (PMT) array sealed inside a liquid-argon-filled cryostat. The liquid argon is constantly purified and recirculated in a closed-loop cycle during operation. The specifications and assembly of the detector subsystems and an overview of their performance in a neutron beam are reported.
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Submitted 26 August, 2020;
originally announced August 2020.
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First Measurement of the Total Neutron Cross Section on Argon Between 100 and 800 MeV
Authors:
B. Bhandari,
J. Bian,
K. Bilton,
C. Callahan,
J. Chaves,
H. Chen,
D. Cline,
R. L. Cooper,
D. Danielson,
J. Danielson,
N. Dokania,
S. Elliott,
S. Fernandes,
S. Gardiner,
G. Garvey,
V. Gehman,
F. Giuliani,
S. Glavin,
M. Gold,
C. Grant,
E. Guardincerri,
T. Haines,
A. Higuera,
J. Y. Ji,
R. Kadel
, et al. (51 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We report the first measurement of the neutron cross section on argon in the energy range of 100-800 MeV. The measurement was obtained with a 4.3-hour exposure of the Mini-CAPTAIN detector to the WNR/LANSCE beam at LANL. The total cross section is measured from the attenuation coefficient of the neutron flux as it traverses the liquid argon volume. A set of 2,631 candidate interactions is divided…
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We report the first measurement of the neutron cross section on argon in the energy range of 100-800 MeV. The measurement was obtained with a 4.3-hour exposure of the Mini-CAPTAIN detector to the WNR/LANSCE beam at LANL. The total cross section is measured from the attenuation coefficient of the neutron flux as it traverses the liquid argon volume. A set of 2,631 candidate interactions is divided in bins of the neutron kinetic energy calculated from time-of-flight measurements. These interactions are reconstructed with custom-made algorithms specifically designed for the data in a time projection chamber the size of the Mini-CAPTAIN detector. The energy averaged cross section is $0.91 \pm{} 0.10~\mathrm{(stat.)} \pm{} 0.09~\mathrm{(sys.)}~\mathrm{barns}$. A comparison of the measured cross section is made to the GEANT4 and FLUKA event generator packages.
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Submitted 26 June, 2019; v1 submitted 12 March, 2019;
originally announced March 2019.
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Hyper-Kamiokande Design Report
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande Proto-Collaboration,
:,
K. Abe,
Ke. Abe,
H. Aihara,
A. Aimi,
R. Akutsu,
C. Andreopoulos,
I. Anghel,
L. H. V. Anthony,
M. Antonova,
Y. Ashida,
V. Aushev,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
P. Beltrame,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin,
S. Berkman,
L. Berns,
T. Berry,
S. Bhadra,
D. Bravo-Berguño,
F. d. M. Blaszczyk
, et al. (291 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
On the strength of a double Nobel prize winning experiment (Super)Kamiokande and an extremely successful long baseline neutrino programme, the third generation Water Cherenkov detector, Hyper-Kamiokande, is being developed by an international collaboration as a leading worldwide experiment based in Japan. The Hyper-Kamiokande detector will be hosted in the Tochibora mine, about 295 km away from th…
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On the strength of a double Nobel prize winning experiment (Super)Kamiokande and an extremely successful long baseline neutrino programme, the third generation Water Cherenkov detector, Hyper-Kamiokande, is being developed by an international collaboration as a leading worldwide experiment based in Japan. The Hyper-Kamiokande detector will be hosted in the Tochibora mine, about 295 km away from the J-PARC proton accelerator research complex in Tokai, Japan. The currently existing accelerator will be steadily upgraded to reach a MW beam by the start of the experiment. A suite of near detectors will be vital to constrain the beam for neutrino oscillation measurements. A new cavern will be excavated at the Tochibora mine to host the detector. The experiment will be the largest underground water Cherenkov detector in the world and will be instrumented with new technology photosensors, faster and with higher quantum efficiency than the ones in Super-Kamiokande. The science that will be developed will be able to shape the future theoretical framework and generations of experiments. Hyper-Kamiokande will be able to measure with the highest precision the leptonic CP violation that could explain the baryon asymmetry in the Universe. The experiment also has a demonstrated excellent capability to search for proton decay, providing a significant improvement in discovery sensitivity over current searches for the proton lifetime. The atmospheric neutrinos will allow to determine the neutrino mass ordering and, together with the beam, able to precisely test the three-flavour neutrino oscillation paradigm and search for new phenomena. A strong astrophysical programme will be carried out at the experiment that will detect supernova neutrinos and will measure precisely solar neutrino oscillation.
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Submitted 28 November, 2018; v1 submitted 9 May, 2018;
originally announced May 2018.
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Physics Potentials with the Second Hyper-Kamiokande Detector in Korea
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande proto-collaboration,
:,
K. Abe,
Ke. Abe,
S. H. Ahn,
H. Aihara,
A. Aimi,
R. Akutsu,
C. Andreopoulos,
I. Anghel,
L. H. V. Anthony,
M. Antonova,
Y. Ashida,
V. Aushev,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
P. Beltrame,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin,
S. Berkman,
L. Berns,
T. Berry,
S. Bhadra,
D. Bravo-Bergu no
, et al. (331 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Hyper-Kamiokande consists of two identical water-Cherenkov detectors of total 520~kt with the first one in Japan at 295~km from the J-PARC neutrino beam with 2.5$^{\textrm{o}}$ Off-Axis Angles (OAAs), and the second one possibly in Korea in a later stage. Having the second detector in Korea would benefit almost all areas of neutrino oscillation physics mainly due to longer baselines. There are sev…
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Hyper-Kamiokande consists of two identical water-Cherenkov detectors of total 520~kt with the first one in Japan at 295~km from the J-PARC neutrino beam with 2.5$^{\textrm{o}}$ Off-Axis Angles (OAAs), and the second one possibly in Korea in a later stage. Having the second detector in Korea would benefit almost all areas of neutrino oscillation physics mainly due to longer baselines. There are several candidate sites in Korea with baselines of 1,000$\sim$1,300~km and OAAs of 1$^{\textrm{o}}$$\sim$3$^{\textrm{o}}$. We conducted sensitivity studies on neutrino oscillation physics for a second detector, either in Japan (JD $\times$ 2) or Korea (JD + KD) and compared the results with a single detector in Japan. Leptonic CP violation sensitivity is improved especially when the CP is non-maximally violated. The larger matter effect at Korean candidate sites significantly enhances sensitivities to non-standard interactions of neutrinos and mass ordering determination. Current studies indicate the best sensitivity is obtained at Mt. Bisul (1,088~km baseline, $1.3^\circ$ OAA). Thanks to a larger (1,000~m) overburden than the first detector site, clear improvements to sensitivities for solar and supernova relic neutrino searches are expected.
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Submitted 26 March, 2018; v1 submitted 18 November, 2016;
originally announced November 2016.
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Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report Volume 1: The LBNF and DUNE Projects
Authors:
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
M. Adamowski,
C. Adams,
P. Adamson,
S. Adhikari,
Z. Ahmad,
C. H. Albright,
T. Alion,
E. Amador,
J. Anderson,
K. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. Andrews,
R. Andrews,
I. Anghel,
J. d. Anjos,
A. Ankowski,
M. Antonello,
A. ArandaFernandez,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
D. Aristizabal,
E. Arrieta-Diaz,
K. Aryal
, et al. (780 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This document presents the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) put forward by an international neutrino community to pursue the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment at the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF/DUNE), a groundbreaking science experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies and for neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. The DUNE far detector will be a very large modu…
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This document presents the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) put forward by an international neutrino community to pursue the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment at the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF/DUNE), a groundbreaking science experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies and for neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. The DUNE far detector will be a very large modular liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) located deep underground, coupled to the LBNF multi-megawatt wide-band neutrino beam. DUNE will also have a high-resolution and high-precision near detector.
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Submitted 20 January, 2016;
originally announced January 2016.
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Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report, Volume 4 The DUNE Detectors at LBNF
Authors:
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
M. Adamowski,
C. Adams,
P. Adamson,
S. Adhikari,
Z. Ahmad,
C. H. Albright,
T. Alion,
E. Amador,
J. Anderson,
K. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. Andrews,
R. Andrews,
I. Anghel,
J. d. Anjos,
A. Ankowski,
M. Antonello,
A. ArandaFernandez,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
D. Aristizabal,
E. Arrieta-Diaz,
K. Aryal
, et al. (779 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
A description of the proposed detector(s) for DUNE at LBNF
A description of the proposed detector(s) for DUNE at LBNF
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Submitted 12 January, 2016;
originally announced January 2016.
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Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report Volume 2: The Physics Program for DUNE at LBNF
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration,
R. Acciarri,
M. A. Acero,
M. Adamowski,
C. Adams,
P. Adamson,
S. Adhikari,
Z. Ahmad,
C. H. Albright,
T. Alion,
E. Amador,
J. Anderson,
K. Anderson,
C. Andreopoulos,
M. Andrews,
R. Andrews,
I. Anghel,
J. d. Anjos,
A. Ankowski,
M. Antonello,
A. ArandaFernandez,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
D. Aristizabal,
E. Arrieta-Diaz
, et al. (780 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The Physics Program for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Fermilab Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) is described.
The Physics Program for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Fermilab Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) is described.
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Submitted 22 January, 2016; v1 submitted 18 December, 2015;
originally announced December 2015.
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A Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment Using J-PARC Neutrino Beam and Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors:
Hyper-Kamiokande Working Group,
:,
K. Abe,
H. Aihara,
C. Andreopoulos,
I. Anghel,
A. Ariga,
T. Ariga,
R. Asfandiyarov,
M. Askins,
J. J. Back,
P. Ballett,
M. Barbi,
G. J. Barker,
G. Barr,
F. Bay,
P. Beltrame,
V. Berardi,
M. Bergevin,
S. Berkman,
T. Berry,
S. Bhadra,
F. d. M. Blaszczyk,
A. Blondel,
S. Bolognesi
, et al. (224 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of $CP$ asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams.
In this document, the physics potential o…
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Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of $CP$ asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams.
In this document, the physics potential of a long baseline neutrino experiment using the Hyper-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam from the J-PARC proton synchrotron is presented. The analysis has been updated from the previous Letter of Intent [K. Abe et al., arXiv:1109.3262 [hep-ex]], based on the experience gained from the ongoing T2K experiment. With a total exposure of 7.5 MW $\times$ 10$^7$ sec integrated proton beam power (corresponding to $1.56\times10^{22}$ protons on target with a 30 GeV proton beam) to a $2.5$-degree off-axis neutrino beam produced by the J-PARC proton synchrotron, it is expected that the $CP$ phase $δ_{CP}$ can be determined to better than 19 degrees for all possible values of $δ_{CP}$, and $CP$ violation can be established with a statistical significance of more than $3\,σ$ ($5\,σ$) for $76%$ ($58%$) of the $δ_{CP}$ parameter space.
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Submitted 18 January, 2015; v1 submitted 15 December, 2014;
originally announced December 2014.
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The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe
Authors:
LBNE Collaboration,
Corey Adams,
David Adams,
Tarek Akiri,
Tyler Alion,
Kris Anderson,
Costas Andreopoulos,
Mike Andrews,
Ioana Anghel,
João Carlos Costa dos Anjos,
Maddalena Antonello,
Enrique Arrieta-Diaz,
Marina Artuso,
Jonathan Asaadi,
Xinhua Bai,
Bagdat Baibussinov,
Michael Baird,
Baha Balantekin,
Bruce Baller,
Brian Baptista,
D'Ann Barker,
Gary Barker,
William A. Barletta,
Giles Barr,
Larry Bartoszek
, et al. (461 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Exp…
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The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.
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Submitted 22 April, 2014; v1 submitted 28 July, 2013;
originally announced July 2013.