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Narrowband searches for continuous and long-duration transient gravitational waves from known pulsars in the LIGO-Virgo third observing run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1636 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Isolated neutron stars that are asymmetric with respect to their spin axis are possible sources of detectable continuous gravitational waves. This paper presents a fully-coherent search for such signals from eighteen pulsars in data from LIGO and Virgo's third observing run (O3). For known pulsars, efficient and sensitive matched-filter searches can be carried out if one assumes the gravitational…
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Isolated neutron stars that are asymmetric with respect to their spin axis are possible sources of detectable continuous gravitational waves. This paper presents a fully-coherent search for such signals from eighteen pulsars in data from LIGO and Virgo's third observing run (O3). For known pulsars, efficient and sensitive matched-filter searches can be carried out if one assumes the gravitational radiation is phase-locked to the electromagnetic emission. In the search presented here, we relax this assumption and allow the frequency and frequency time-derivative of the gravitational waves to vary in a small range around those inferred from electromagnetic observations. We find no evidence for continuous gravitational waves, and set upper limits on the strain amplitude for each target. These limits are more constraining for seven of the targets than the spin-down limit defined by ascribing all rotational energy loss to gravitational radiation. In an additional search we look in O3 data for long-duration (hours-months) transient gravitational waves in the aftermath of pulsar glitches for six targets with a total of nine glitches. We report two marginal outliers from this search, but find no clear evidence for such emission either. The resulting duration-dependent strain upper limits do not surpass indirect energy constraints for any of these targets.
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Submitted 27 June, 2022; v1 submitted 21 December, 2021;
originally announced December 2021.
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Search of the Early O3 LIGO Data for Continuous Gravitational Waves from the Cassiopeia A and Vela Jr. Supernova Remnants
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato,
C. Anand,
S. Anand
, et al. (1389 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We present directed searches for continuous gravitational waves from the neutron stars in the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) and Vela Jr. supernova remnants. We carry out the searches in the LIGO data from the first six months of the third Advanced LIGO and Virgo observing run, using the Weave semi-coherent method, which sums matched-filter detection-statistic values over many time segments spanning the obs…
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We present directed searches for continuous gravitational waves from the neutron stars in the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) and Vela Jr. supernova remnants. We carry out the searches in the LIGO data from the first six months of the third Advanced LIGO and Virgo observing run, using the Weave semi-coherent method, which sums matched-filter detection-statistic values over many time segments spanning the observation period. No gravitational wave signal is detected in the search band of 20--976 Hz for assumed source ages greater than 300 years for Cas A and greater than 700 years for Vela Jr. Estimates from simulated continuous wave signals indicate we achieve the most sensitive results to date across the explored parameter space volume, probing to strain magnitudes as low as ~$6.3\times10^{-26}$ for Cas A and ~$5.6\times10^{-26}$ for Vela Jr. at frequencies near 166 Hz at 95% efficiency.
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Submitted 22 March, 2022; v1 submitted 29 November, 2021;
originally announced November 2021.
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The population of merging compact binaries inferred using gravitational waves through GWTC-3
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1612 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star-black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star mer…
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We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star-black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc$^{-3} yr$^{-1}$ and the neutron star-black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc$^{-3} yr$^{-1}$, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. We infer the binary black hole merger rate, allowing for evolution with redshift, to be between 17.9 and 44 Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). The rate of binary black hole mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to $(1+z)^κ$ with $κ=2.9^{+1.7}_{-1.8}$ for $z\lesssim1$. Using both binary neutron star and neutron star-black hole binaries, we obtain a broad, relatively flat neutron star mass distribution extending from $1.2^{+0.1}_{-0.2}$ to $2.0^{+0.3}_{-0.3}\,M_\odot$. We confidently determine that the merger rate as a function of mass sharply declines after the expected maximum neutron star mass, but cannot yet confirm or rule out the existence of a lower mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. We also find the binary black hole mass distribution has localized over- and underdensities relative to a power-law distribution, with peaks emerging at chirp masses of $8.3^{+0.3}_{-0.5}$ and $27.9^{+1.9}_{-1.8}\,M_\odot$. While we continue to find that the mass distribution of a binary's more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above approximately $60\,M_\odot$ [abridged]
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Submitted 30 January, 2025; v1 submitted 5 November, 2021;
originally announced November 2021.
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Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts Detected by Fermi and Swift During the LIGO-Virgo Run O3b
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1610 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We search for gravitational-wave signals associated with gamma-ray bursts detected by the Fermi and Swift satellites during the second half of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (1 November 2019 15:00 UTC-27 March 2020 17:00 UTC).We conduct two independent searches: a generic gravitational-wave transients search to analyze 86 gamma-ray bursts and an analysis to target bina…
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We search for gravitational-wave signals associated with gamma-ray bursts detected by the Fermi and Swift satellites during the second half of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (1 November 2019 15:00 UTC-27 March 2020 17:00 UTC).We conduct two independent searches: a generic gravitational-wave transients search to analyze 86 gamma-ray bursts and an analysis to target binary mergers with at least one neutron star as short gamma-ray burst progenitors for 17 events. We find no significant evidence for gravitational-wave signals associated with any of these gamma-ray bursts. A weighted binomial test of the combined results finds no evidence for sub-threshold gravitational wave signals associated with this GRB ensemble either. We use several source types and signal morphologies during the searches, resulting in lower bounds on the estimated distance to each gamma-ray burst. Finally, we constrain the population of low luminosity short gamma-ray bursts using results from the first to the third observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. The resulting population is in accordance with the local binary neutron star merger rate.
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Submitted 5 November, 2021;
originally announced November 2021.
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GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
S. Akcay,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin
, et al. (1637 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15:00 UTC and 27 March 2020, 17:00 UTC. There ar…
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The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15:00 UTC and 27 March 2020, 17:00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin $p_\mathrm{astro} > 0.5$. Of these, 18 were previously reported as low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with $p_\mathrm{astro} > 0.5$ are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from binary black holes or neutron star-black hole binaries, and we identify none from binary neutron stars. However, from the gravitational-wave data alone, we are not able to measure matter effects that distinguish whether the binary components are neutron stars or black holes. The range of inferred component masses is similar to that found with previous catalogs, but the O3b candidates include the first confident observations of neutron star-black hole binaries. Including the 35 candidates from O3b in addition to those from GWTC-2.1, GWTC-3 contains 90 candidates found by our analysis with $p_\mathrm{astro} > 0.5$ across the first three observing runs. These observations of compact binary coalescences present an unprecedented view of the properties of black holes and neutron stars.
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Submitted 23 October, 2023; v1 submitted 5 November, 2021;
originally announced November 2021.
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All-sky, all-frequency directional search for persistent gravitational-waves from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1605 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We present the first results from an all-sky all-frequency (ASAF) search for an anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background using the data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Upper limit maps on broadband anisotropies of a persistent stochastic background were published for all observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo detectors. However, a broadb…
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We present the first results from an all-sky all-frequency (ASAF) search for an anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background using the data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Upper limit maps on broadband anisotropies of a persistent stochastic background were published for all observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo detectors. However, a broadband analysis is likely to miss narrowband signals as the signal-to-noise ratio of a narrowband signal can be significantly reduced when combined with detector output from other frequencies. Data folding and the computationally efficient analysis pipeline, {\tt PyStoch}, enable us to perform the radiometer map-making at every frequency bin. We perform the search at 3072 {\tt{HEALPix}} equal area pixels uniformly tiling the sky and in every frequency bin of width $1/32$~Hz in the range $20-1726$~Hz, except for bins that are likely to contain instrumental artefacts and hence are notched. We do not find any statistically significant evidence for the existence of narrowband gravitational-wave signals in the analyzed frequency bins. Therefore, we place $95\%$ confidence upper limits on the gravitational-wave strain for each pixel-frequency pair, the limits are in the range $(0.030 - 9.6) \times10^{-24}$. In addition, we outline a method to identify candidate pixel-frequency pairs that could be followed up by a more sensitive (and potentially computationally expensive) search, e.g., a matched-filtering-based analysis, to look for fainter nearly monochromatic coherent signals. The ASAF analysis is inherently independent of models describing any spectral or spatial distribution of power. We demonstrate that the ASAF results can be appropriately combined over frequencies and sky directions to successfully recover the broadband directional and isotropic results.
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Submitted 19 October, 2021;
originally announced October 2021.
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Search for subsolar-mass binaries in the first half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1612 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2 $M_\odot$ and 1.0 $M_\odot$ in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio…
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We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2 $M_\odot$ and 1.0 $M_\odot$ in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio $q \geq 0.1$. We do not report any gravitational-wave candidates. The most significant trigger has a false alarm rate of 0.14 $\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. This implies an upper limit on the merger rate of subsolar binaries in the range $[220-24200] \mathrm{Gpc}^{-3} \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, depending on the chirp mass of the binary. We use this upper limit to derive astrophysical constraints on two phenomenological models that could produce subsolar-mass compact objects. One is an isotropic distribution of equal-mass primordial black holes. Using this model, we find that the fraction of dark matter in primordial black holes is $f_\mathrm{PBH} \equiv Ω_\mathrm{PBH} / Ω_\mathrm{DM} \lesssim 6\%$. The other is a dissipative dark matter model, in which fermionic dark matter can collapse and form black holes. The upper limit on the fraction of dark matter black holes depends on the minimum mass of the black holes that can be formed: the most constraining result is obtained at $M_\mathrm{min}=1 M_\odot$, where $f_\mathrm{DBH} \equiv Ω_\mathrm{PBH} / Ω_\mathrm{DM} \lesssim 0.003\%$. These are the tightest limits on spinning subsolar-mass binaries to date.
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Submitted 24 September, 2021;
originally announced September 2021.
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Search for continuous gravitational waves from 20 accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars in O3 LIGO data
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato,
C. Anand
, et al. (1612 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
Results are presented of searches for continuous gravitational waves from 20 accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars with accurately measured spin frequencies and orbital parameters, using data from the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The search algorithm uses a hidden Markov model, where the transition probabilities allow the frequency to wander according to an…
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Results are presented of searches for continuous gravitational waves from 20 accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars with accurately measured spin frequencies and orbital parameters, using data from the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The search algorithm uses a hidden Markov model, where the transition probabilities allow the frequency to wander according to an unbiased random walk, while the $\mathcal{J}$-statistic maximum-likelihood matched filter tracks the binary orbital phase. Three narrow sub-bands are searched for each target, centered on harmonics of the measured spin frequency. The search yields 16 candidates, consistent with a false alarm probability of 30% per sub-band and target searched. These candidates, along with one candidate from an additional target-of-opportunity search done for SAX J1808.4$-$3658, which was in outburst during one month of the observing run, cannot be confidently associated with a known noise source. Additional follow-up does not provide convincing evidence that any are a true astrophysical signal. When all candidates are assumed non-astrophysical, upper limits are set on the maximum wave strain detectable at 95% confidence, $h_0^{95\%}$. The strictest constraint is $h_0^{95\%} = 4.7\times 10^{-26}$ from IGR J17062$-$6143. Constraints on the detectable wave strain from each target lead to constraints on neutron star ellipticity and $r$-mode amplitude, the strictest of which are $ε^{95\%} = 3.1\times 10^{-7}$ and $α^{95\%} = 1.8\times 10^{-5}$ respectively. This analysis is the most comprehensive and sensitive search of continuous gravitational waves from accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars to date.
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Submitted 21 January, 2022; v1 submitted 19 September, 2021;
originally announced September 2021.
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GWTC-2.1: Deep Extended Catalog of Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato,
C. Anand,
S. Anand
, et al. (1407 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15:00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15:00 UTC. We present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibra…
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The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15:00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15:00 UTC. We present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibration and better subtraction of excess noise, which has been publicly released. We employ three matched-filter search pipelines for candidate identification, and estimate the astrophysical probability for each candidate event. While GWTC-2 used a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per year, we include in GWTC-2.1, 1201 candidates that pass a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per day. We calculate the source properties of a subset of 44 high-significance candidates that have an astrophysical probability greater than 0.5. Of these candidates, 36 have been reported in GWTC-2. If the 8 additional high-significance candidates presented here are astrophysical, the mass range of events that are unambiguously identified as binary black holes (both objects $\geq 3M_\odot$) is increased compared to GWTC-2, with total masses from $\sim 14 M_\odot$ for GW190924_021846 to $\sim 182 M_\odot$ for GW190426_190642. The primary components of two new candidate events (GW190403_051519 and GW190426_190642) fall in the mass gap predicted by pair instability supernova theory. We also expand the population of binaries with significantly asymmetric mass ratios reported in GWTC-2 by an additional two events (the mass ratio is less than $0.65$ and $0.44$ at $90\%$ probability for GW190403_051519 and GW190917_114630 respectively), and find that 2 of the 8 new events have effective inspiral spins $χ_\mathrm{eff} > 0$ (at $90\%$ credibility), while no binary is consistent with $χ_\mathrm{eff} < 0$ at the same significance.
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Submitted 10 May, 2022; v1 submitted 2 August, 2021;
originally announced August 2021.
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All-sky search for long-duration gravitational-wave bursts in the third Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1605 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
After the detection of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences, the search for transient gravitational-wave signals with less well-defined waveforms for which matched filtering is not well-suited is one of the frontiers for gravitational-wave astronomy. Broadly classified into "short" $ \lesssim 1~$\,s and "long" $ \gtrsim 1~$\,s duration signals, these signals are expected from a var…
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After the detection of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences, the search for transient gravitational-wave signals with less well-defined waveforms for which matched filtering is not well-suited is one of the frontiers for gravitational-wave astronomy. Broadly classified into "short" $ \lesssim 1~$\,s and "long" $ \gtrsim 1~$\,s duration signals, these signals are expected from a variety of astrophysical processes, including non-axisymmetric deformations in magnetars or eccentric binary black hole coalescences. In this work, we present a search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's third observing run from April 2019 to March 2020. For this search, we use minimal assumptions for the sky location, event time, waveform morphology, and duration of the source. The search covers the range of $2~\text{--}~ 500$~s in duration and a frequency band of $24 - 2048$ Hz. We find no significant triggers within this parameter space; we report sensitivity limits on the signal strength of gravitational waves characterized by the root-sum-square amplitude $h_{\mathrm{rss}}$ as a function of waveform morphology. These $h_{\mathrm{rss}}$ limits improve upon the results from the second observing run by an average factor of 1.8.
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Submitted 29 July, 2021;
originally announced July 2021.
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All-sky search for short gravitational-wave bursts in the third Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1608 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of a search for generic short-duration gravitational-wave transients in data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. Transients with durations of milliseconds to a few seconds in the 24--4096 Hz frequency band are targeted by the search, with no assumptions made regarding the incoming signal direction, polarization or morphology. Gravitatio…
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This paper presents the results of a search for generic short-duration gravitational-wave transients in data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. Transients with durations of milliseconds to a few seconds in the 24--4096 Hz frequency band are targeted by the search, with no assumptions made regarding the incoming signal direction, polarization or morphology. Gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences that have been identified by other targeted analyses are detected, but no statistically significant evidence for other gravitational wave bursts is found. Sensitivities to a variety of signals are presented. These include updated upper limits on the source rate-density as a function of the characteristic frequency of the signal, which are roughly an order of magnitude better than previous upper limits. This search is sensitive to sources radiating as little as $\sim$10$^{-10} M_{\odot} c^2$ in gravitational waves at $\sim$70 Hz from a distance of 10~kpc, with 50\% detection efficiency at a false alarm rate of one per century. The sensitivity of this search to two plausible astrophysical sources is estimated: neutron star f-modes, which may be excited by pulsar glitches, as well as selected core-collapse supernova models.
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Submitted 8 July, 2021;
originally announced July 2021.
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Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run
Authors:
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration,
the Virgo Collaboration,
the KAGRA Collaboration,
R. Abbott,
T. D. Abbott,
F. Acernese,
K. Ackley,
C. Adams,
N. Adhikari,
R. X. Adhikari,
V. B. Adya,
C. Affeldt,
D. Agarwal,
M. Agathos,
K. Agatsuma,
N. Aggarwal,
O. D. Aguiar,
L. Aiello,
A. Ain,
P. Ajith,
T. Akutsu,
S. Albanesi,
A. Allocca,
P. A. Altin,
A. Amato
, et al. (1605 additional authors not shown)
Abstract:
We present a search for dark photon dark matter that could couple to gravitational-wave interferometers using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run. To perform this analysis, we use two methods, one based on cross-correlation of the strain channels in the two nearly aligned LIGO detectors, and one that looks for excess power in the strain channels of the LIGO and Virgo detectors.…
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We present a search for dark photon dark matter that could couple to gravitational-wave interferometers using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run. To perform this analysis, we use two methods, one based on cross-correlation of the strain channels in the two nearly aligned LIGO detectors, and one that looks for excess power in the strain channels of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. The excess power method optimizes the Fourier Transform coherence time as a function of frequency, to account for the expected signal width due to Doppler modulations. We do not find any evidence of dark photon dark matter with a mass between $m_{\rm A} \sim 10^{-14}-10^{-11}$ eV/$c^2$, which corresponds to frequencies between 10-2000 Hz, and therefore provide upper limits on the square of the minimum coupling of dark photons to baryons, i.e. $U(1)_{\rm B}$ dark matter. For the cross-correlation method, the best median constraint on the squared coupling is $\sim2.65\times10^{-46}$ at $m_{\rm A}\sim4.31\times10^{-13}$ eV/$c^2$; for the other analysis, the best constraint is $\sim 2.4\times 10^{-47}$ at $m_{\rm A}\sim 5.7\times 10^{-13}$ eV/$c^2$. These limits improve upon those obtained in direct dark matter detection experiments by a factor of $\sim100$ for $m_{\rm A}\sim [2-4]\times 10^{-13}$ eV/$c^2$, and are, in absolute terms, the most stringent constraint so far in a large mass range $m_A\sim$ $2\times 10^{-13}-8\times 10^{-12}$ eV/$c^2$.
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Submitted 6 May, 2024; v1 submitted 27 May, 2021;
originally announced May 2021.