{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401325865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24155052","title":"Contrastive-Active Transfer Learning-Based Real-Time Adaptive Assessment Method for Power System Transient Stability","display_name":"Contrastive-Active Transfer Learning-Based Real-Time Adaptive Assessment Method for Power System Transient Stability","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401325865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24155052","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39124099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24155052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24155052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/5052/pdf?version=1722766818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/5052/pdf?version=1722766818","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108328931","display_name":"Jinman Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinman Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662359","display_name":"Xiaoqing Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8969-1746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022341130","display_name":"Chengmin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0096-083X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengmin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion (SJTU), Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion (SJTU), Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753238","display_name":"Jing Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-3401"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automotive Engineering, Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology, 369 Wenhua Street, Yuci District, Jinzhong 030619, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automotive Engineering, Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology, 369 Wenhua Street, Yuci District, Jinzhong 030619, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041702123","display_name":"Gengwu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8898-9615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gengwu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041702123"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.8754,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73747692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"15","first_page":"5052","last_page":"5052"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11941","display_name":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7179228067398071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.6410180330276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5911750197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5864682793617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5836768746376038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5620272159576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5382148623466492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.5205786824226379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.49686291813850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44590747356414795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35468798875808716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7179228067398071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.6410180330276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5911750197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5864682793617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5836768746376038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5620272159576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5382148623466492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5205786824226379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.49686291813850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44590747356414795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35468798875808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24155052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24155052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/5052/pdf?version=1722766818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39124099","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39124099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11314654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11314654","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11314654/pdf/sensors-24-05052.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:96cd1188b06441b79252625febace335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/96cd1188b06441b79252625febace335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 15, p 5052 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24155052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24155052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/5052/pdf?version=1722766818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401325865.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401325865.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032100925","https://openalex.org/W2129138344","https://openalex.org/W2161083159","https://openalex.org/W2332213682","https://openalex.org/W2362501786","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2750030775","https://openalex.org/W2897637621","https://openalex.org/W2937026737","https://openalex.org/W3021593102","https://openalex.org/W3021944309","https://openalex.org/W3096565276","https://openalex.org/W3129449288","https://openalex.org/W3163682010","https://openalex.org/W3166805494","https://openalex.org/W3177014898","https://openalex.org/W3191480951","https://openalex.org/W3197715237","https://openalex.org/W4200533996","https://openalex.org/W4205919191","https://openalex.org/W4210353589","https://openalex.org/W4210717661","https://openalex.org/W4287812705","https://openalex.org/W4296930420","https://openalex.org/W4299159411","https://openalex.org/W4299518610","https://openalex.org/W4312331844","https://openalex.org/W4312465846","https://openalex.org/W4313328206","https://openalex.org/W4313487642","https://openalex.org/W4319596293","https://openalex.org/W4323850441","https://openalex.org/W4379051524","https://openalex.org/W6682132143","https://openalex.org/W6776700526","https://openalex.org/W6800553628"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357124094","https://openalex.org/W3183901164","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3176438653","https://openalex.org/W3135818718","https://openalex.org/W4290188444","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3003905048","https://openalex.org/W2253429366","https://openalex.org/W3127975138"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,148],"transient":[1,34],"stability":[2],"assessment":[3,32],"based":[4,55],"on":[5,56,170],"machine":[6],"learning":[7,58],"faces":[8],"challenges":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11,47],"sample":[12],"data":[13,95,103],"imbalance":[14],"and":[15,69,128],"poor":[16],"generalization.":[17],"To":[18],"address":[19],"these":[20],"problems,":[21],"this":[22],"paper":[23],"proposes":[24],"an":[25,106,129],"intelligent":[26],"enhancement":[27],"method":[28,54],"for":[29,146],"real-time":[30],"adaptive":[31],"of":[33,82,162,177],"stability.":[35],"In":[36,89],"the":[37,48,64,73,80,83,90,101,114,125,143,160,166,171,175,178],"offline":[38,102],"phase,":[39,92],"a":[40],"convolutional":[41],"neural":[42],"network":[43],"(CNN)":[44],"is":[45,59,110,135],"used":[46],"base":[49],"classifier.":[50],"A":[51],"model":[52,84,149],"training":[53],"contrastive":[57],"introduced,":[60],"aiming":[61],"to":[62,112,137],"increase":[63],"spatial":[65],"distance":[66],"between":[67],"positive":[68],"negative":[70],"samples":[71,118,141],"in":[72,85],"mapping":[74],"space.":[75],"This":[76,156],"approach":[77,157],"effectively":[78],"improves":[79],"accuracy":[81],"recognizing":[86],"unbalanced":[87],"samples.":[88],"online":[91],"when":[93],"real":[94],"with":[96],"different":[97],"distribution":[98],"characteristics":[99],"from":[100,124,142],"are":[104,119,151],"encountered,":[105],"active":[107,130],"transfer":[108,123],"strategy":[109,132],"employed":[111],"update":[113],"model.":[115],"New":[116],"system":[117,145,173],"obtained":[120],"through":[121],"instance":[122],"original":[126],"system,":[127],"sampling":[131],"considering":[133],"uncertainty":[134],"designed":[136],"continuously":[138],"select":[139],"high-value":[140],"new":[144],"labeling.":[147],"parameters":[150],"then":[152],"updated":[153],"by":[154],"fine-tuning.":[155],"drastically":[158],"reduces":[159],"cost":[161],"updating":[163],"while":[164],"improving":[165],"model's":[167],"adaptability.":[168],"Experiments":[169],"IEEE39-node":[172],"verify":[174],"effectiveness":[176],"proposed":[179],"method.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}